使用JdbcTemplate和dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter动态切换数据源操作数据库

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-20 20:59:00 发布

zhangbeizhen18

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-20 20:59:00 发布

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分类专栏： L02-SpringBoot 文章标签：使用JdbcTemplate dynamic datasource 动态切换数据源 Java

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/zhangbeizhen18/article/details/130210057

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场景：使用JdbcTemplate和dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter动态切换数据源操作数据库。

版本：JDK 1.8,Spring Boot 2.6.3,dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter-3.3.2。

源码：https://github.com/baomidou/dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter

dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter：一个基于springboot的快速集成多数据源的启动器。

1.动态数据源注解@DS作用在类上

1.1类GetDataDao

@DS("hub_a_db")
@Repository
public class GetDataDao {
  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jt;
  public List<Map<String, Object>> getData() {
      String selectSQL = "SELECT CITY_ID,CITY_NAME,LAND_AREA,POPULATION, " +
              "  GROSS,CITY_DESCRIBE,DATA_YEAR,UPDATE_TIME " +
              "FROM t_city ";
      List<Map<String, Object>> data = jt.queryForList(selectSQL);
      return data;
  }
}

1.2类InsertDataDao

@DS("hub_b_db")
@Repository
public class InsertDataDao {
  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jt;
  public void insertData(List<Map<String, Object>> data) {
    String insertSQL = "INSERT INTO t_city (\n" +
          "  CITY_ID,CITY_NAME,LAND_AREA,POPULATION,\n" +
          "  GROSS,CITY_DESCRIBE,DATA_YEAR,UPDATE_TIME)\n" +
          "VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
    jt.batchUpdate(insertSQL, new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
      @Override
      public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {
          Map<String, Object> oneRow = data.get(i);
          ps.setObject(1, oneRow.get("CITY_ID"));
          ps.setObject(2, oneRow.get("CITY_NAME"));
          ps.setObject(3, oneRow.get("LAND_AREA"));
          ps.setObject(4, oneRow.get("POPULATION"));
          ps.setObject(5, oneRow.get("GROSS"));
          ps.setObject(6, oneRow.get("CITY_DESCRIBE"));
          ps.setObject(7, oneRow.get("DATA_YEAR"));
          ps.setObject(8, oneRow.get("UPDATE_TIME"));
      }
      @Override
      public int getBatchSize() {
          return data.size();
      }
    });
  }
}

2.动态数据源注解@DS作用在方法

@Repository
public class GetAndInsertDataDao {
  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jt;
  @DS("hub_a_db")
  public List<Map<String, Object>> getData() {
      String selectSQL = "SELECT CITY_ID,CITY_NAME,LAND_AREA,POPULATION, " +
              "  GROSS,CITY_DESCRIBE,DATA_YEAR,UPDATE_TIME " +
              "FROM t_city ";
      List<Map<String, Object>> data = jt.queryForList(selectSQL);
      return data;
  }
  @DS("hub_b_db")
  public void insertData(List<Map<String, Object>> data) {
      String insertSQL = "INSERT INTO t_city (\n" +
              "  CITY_ID,CITY_NAME,LAND_AREA,POPULATION,\n" +
              "  GROSS,CITY_DESCRIBE,DATA_YEAR,UPDATE_TIME)\n" +
              "VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
      jt.batchUpdate(insertSQL, new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
          @Override
          public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {
              Map<String, Object> oneRow = data.get(i);
              ps.setObject(1, oneRow.get("CITY_ID"));
              ps.setObject(2, oneRow.get("CITY_NAME"));
              ps.setObject(3, oneRow.get("LAND_AREA"));
              ps.setObject(4, oneRow.get("POPULATION"));
              ps.setObject(5, oneRow.get("GROSS"));
              ps.setObject(6, oneRow.get("CITY_DESCRIBE"));
              ps.setObject(7, oneRow.get("DATA_YEAR"));
              ps.setObject(8, oneRow.get("UPDATE_TIME"));
          }
          @Override
          public int getBatchSize() {
              return data.size();
          }
      });
  }
}

3.使用DynamicDataSourceContextHolder操作动态数据源

无注解，在调用时，使用DynamicDataSourceContextHolder操作动态数据源。

@Repository
public class GetAndInsertDataByHolderDao {
  @Autowired
  private JdbcTemplate jt;
  public List<Map<String, Object>> getData() {
      String selectSQL = "SELECT CITY_ID,CITY_NAME,LAND_AREA,POPULATION, " +
              "  GROSS,CITY_DESCRIBE,DATA_YEAR,UPDATE_TIME " +
              "FROM t_city ";
      List<Map<String, Object>> data = jt.queryForList(selectSQL);
      return data;
  }
  public void insertData(List<Map<String, Object>> data) {
      String insertSQL = "INSERT INTO t_city (\n" +
              "  CITY_ID,CITY_NAME,LAND_AREA,POPULATION,\n" +
              "  GROSS,CITY_DESCRIBE,DATA_YEAR,UPDATE_TIME)\n" +
              "VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
      jt.batchUpdate(insertSQL, new BatchPreparedStatementSetter() {
          @Override
          public void setValues(PreparedStatement ps, int i) throws SQLException {
              Map<String, Object> oneRow = data.get(i);
              ps.setObject(1, oneRow.get("CITY_ID"));
              ps.setObject(2, oneRow.get("CITY_NAME"));
              ps.setObject(3, oneRow.get("LAND_AREA"));
              ps.setObject(4, oneRow.get("POPULATION"));
              ps.setObject(5, oneRow.get("GROSS"));
              ps.setObject(6, oneRow.get("CITY_DESCRIBE"));
              ps.setObject(7, oneRow.get("DATA_YEAR"));
              ps.setObject(8, oneRow.get("UPDATE_TIME"));
          }
          @Override
          public int getBatchSize() {
              return data.size();
          }
      });
  }
}

4.测试类

4.1测试类

@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hub/example/load01")
public class LoadController {
  @Autowired
  private GetDataDao getDataDao;
  @Autowired
  private InsertDataDao insertDataDao;
  @Autowired
  private GetAndInsertDataDao getAndInsertDataDao;
  @Autowired
  private GetAndInsertDataByHolderDao getAndInsertDataByHolderDao;
  /**
   * 1.动态数据源注解@DS作用在类上
   * */
  @GetMapping("/load01")
  public Object load01() {
      log.info("测试开始...");
      List<Map<String, Object>> data = getDataDao.getData();
      insertDataDao.insertData(data);
      log.info("测试结束...");
      return "执行成功";
  }
  /**
   * 2.动态数据源注解@DS作用在方法上
   * */
  @GetMapping("/load02")
  public Object load02() {
      log.info("测试开始...");
      List<Map<String, Object>> data = getAndInsertDataDao.getData();
      getAndInsertDataDao.insertData(data);
      log.info("测试结束...");
      return "执行成功";
  }
  /**
   * 3.使用DynamicDataSourceContextHolder操作动态数据源
   * */
  @GetMapping("/load03")
  public Object load03() {
      log.info("测试开始...");
      //1.使用hub_a_db数据源读数据
      DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.push("hub_a_db");
      List<Map<String, Object>> data = getAndInsertDataByHolderDao.getData();
      //2.使用hub_b_db数据源写数据
      DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.poll();
      DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.push("hub_b_db");
      getAndInsertDataByHolderDao.insertData(data);
      log.info("测试结束...");
      return "执行成功";
  }
}

4.2测试URL

URL01: http://127.0.0.1:18204/hub-example/hub/example/load01/load01

URL02: http://127.0.0.1:18204/hub-example/hub/example/load01/load02

URL03: http://127.0.0.1:18204/hub-example/hub/example/load01/load03

5.基础配置

5.1配置动态数据源

spring:
  jackson:
    time-zone: GMT+8
  datasource:
    dynamic:
      primary: hub_a_db
      strict: false
      datasource:
        hub_a_db:
          url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hub_a_db
          username: hub_a
          password: 12345678
          driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
        hub_b_db:
          url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/hub_b_db
          username: hub_b
          password: 12345678
          driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

5.2动态数据源依赖包

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
  <artifactId>dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  <version>3.3.2</version>
</dependency>

5.3建表语句

CREATE TABLE t_city (
  CITY_ID BIGINT(16) NOT NULL COMMENT '唯一标识',
  CITY_NAME VARCHAR(64) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL COMMENT '城市名',
  LAND_AREA DOUBLE DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '城市面积',
  POPULATION BIGINT(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '城市人口',
  GROSS DOUBLE DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生产总值',
  CITY_DESCRIBE VARCHAR(512) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '城市描述',
  DATA_YEAR VARCHAR(16) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数据年份',
  UPDATE_TIME DATETIME DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间'
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='城市信息表';

以上，感谢。

2023年4月17日