Struts2页面和Servlet的三种传递参数方式

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本文介绍三种在Struts2框架中访问Servlet API的方法：完全解耦合方式、原生方式及接口注入方式，演示了如何接收参数及向request、session、application中保存数据。

RequestDemo1.java

package com.cherry.struts2.demo1;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

/**
 * 访问Servlet的API方式一：完全解耦合的方式
 * ps:这种方式只能获得代表request、session、application的数据的map集合，不能操作这些对象本身的方法
 * @author zhang
 *
 */
public class RequestDemo1 extends ActionSupport{
	
	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		//一：接收参数：
		//利用Struts2中的对象ActionContext对象
		ActionContext context=ActionContext.getContext();
		//调用ActionText中的方法
		//类似于request.getParameterMap();
		Map<String, Object> map = context.getParameters();
		for (String key : map.keySet()) {
			String[] value=(String[])map.get(key);
			System.out.println(key+"   "+Arrays.toString(value));
		}
		
		//二：向域对象中存入数据
		context.put("reqName", "reqValue");//相当于request.setAttribute();
		context.getSession().put("sessionName", "sessionValue");
		context.getApplication().put("appName", "appValue");
		
		return SUCCESS;
	}
}

RequestDemo2.java

package com.cherry.struts2.demo1;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/**
 * 访问Servlet的API的方式二：原生的方式
 * ps:这种方式可以操作域对象的数据，同时也可以获得对象的方法
 * @author zhang
 *
 */
public class RequestDemo2 extends ActionSupport {
	
	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		//一：接收数据
		//直接获得request对象，通过ServletActionContext
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		Map<String, String[]> map = request.getParameterMap();
		for (String key : map.keySet()) {
			String[] values=map.get(key);
			System.out.println(key+"   "+Arrays.toString(values));
		}
		
		//二：向域对象中保存数据
		//向request中保存数据
		request.setAttribute("reqName", "reqValue");
		//向session中保存数据
		request.getSession().setAttribute("sessionName", "sessionValue");
		//向application中保存数据
		ServletActionContext.getServletContext().setAttribute("appName", "appValue");
		
		return SUCCESS;
	}
}

RequestDemo3.java

package com.cherry.struts2.demo1;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.util.ServletContextAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
/**
 * 访问Servlet的API的方式三：接口注入的方式
 * @author zhang
 *
 */
public class RequestDemo3 extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware,ServletContextAware{

	private HttpServletRequest request;
	private ServletContext context;
	
	@Override
	public String execute() throws Exception {
		//一：接收参数
		//通过接口注入的方式获得request对象
		Map<String, String[]> map = request.getParameterMap();
		for (String key : map.keySet()) {
			String[] values=map.get(key);
			System.out.println(key+"  "+Arrays.toString(values));
		}
		
		//二：向域对象中保存数据
		//向request域中保存数据
		request.setAttribute("reqName", "reqValue");
		//向session中保存数据
		request.getSession().setAttribute("sessionName", "sessionValue");
		//向application中保存数据
		context.setAttribute("appName", "appValue");
		
		return super.execute();
	}

	@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
		this.request=request;
		
	}

	@Override
	public void setServletContext(ServletContext context) {
		this.context=context;
		
	}
}

struts_demo1.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
	<package name="demo1" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
		<action name="requestDemo1" class="com.cherry.struts2.demo1.RequestDemo1">
			<result name="success">/demo1/demo2.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<action name="requestDemo2" class="com.cherry.struts2.demo1.RequestDemo2">
			<result name="success">/demo1/demo2.jsp</result>
		</action>
		<action name="requestDemo3" class="com.cherry.struts2.demo1.RequestDemo3">
			<result name="success">/demo1/demo2.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
	
</struts>

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
	<!-- 配置Struts2的常量 -->
	<constant name="struts.action.extendsion" value="action"></constant>
	
	<include file="com/cherry/struts2/demo1/struts_demo1.xml"></include>
</struts>

demo1.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Struts2访问Servlet的API</h1>
<h3>方式一：完全解耦合的方式</h3>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/requestDemo1.action" method="post">
	姓名：<input type="text" name="name"/><br>
	密码：<input type="password" name="password"/><br>
	<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

<h3>方式二：使用原生的方式访问</h3>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/requestDemo2.action" method="post">
	姓名：<input type="text" name="name"/><br>
	密码：<input type="password" name="password"/><br>
	<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

<h3>方式三：接口注入的方式</h3>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/requestDemo3.action" method="post">
	姓名：<input type="text" name="name"/><br>
	密码：<input type="password" name="password"/><br>
	<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>

demo2.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>显示数据</h1>
${reqName }
${sessionName }
${appName }
</body>
</html>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>struts2_day02</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <!-- 配置核心过滤器 -->
  <filter>
  		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  
  <filter-mapping>
  		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>