获取系统运行进程信息——PSAPI介绍使用

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网上资料显示，有这么三种方法可以用来获取系统运行进程信息：




方法 平台 备注
PSAPI Windows NT，Windows2000，Windows XP 获取进程，驱动器，模块，内存和工作集信息
性能计数器 Windows NT，Windows2000，Windows XP 提供除进程清单以外的关于进程的更多信息，可在远程机器上使用。
TOOLHELP32 Windows 9x，Windows2000，Windows XP 获取进程，线程，模块和堆信息


此前使用的Snapshot就是属于TOOLHELP32的（http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/betabin/article/details/7478140）。


PSAPI全称为进程状态API，MSDN有介绍http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684884(v=vs.85).aspx。


该方法，使用过后，感觉与TOOLHELP32的大致相同，也比较简洁方便。但是在获取驱动、内存等方面，由于PSAPI有很多方法支持，相比而言，会更加简单实用。


主要通过EnumProcess函数来获取所有运行进程的ID，然后再分别通过EnumProcessModules、EnumDeviceDrives等函数，获得相应的计数器或者指针信息。


下面就简单贴出MSDN的几段实例（原程序在Win7下无法编译通过，需要添加Psapi.lib库，既是#pragma comment(lib, "Psapi.lib")）。


（四段代码……有点懒了，呵呵）


[cpp] view plain copy
/* 
#include <windows.h> 
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <tchar.h> 
#include <psapi.h> 
 
#pragma comment(lib, "Psapi.lib") 
// To ensure correct resolution of symbols, add Psapi.lib to TARGETLIBS 
// and compile with -DPSAPI_VERSION=1 
 
void PrintProcessNameAndID( DWORD processID ) 
{ 
    TCHAR szProcessName[MAX_PATH] = TEXT("<unknown>"); 
 
    // Get a handle to the process. 
 
    HANDLE hProcess = OpenProcess( PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | 
        PROCESS_VM_READ, 
        FALSE, processID ); 
 
    // Get the process name. 
 
    if (NULL != hProcess ) 
    { 
        HMODULE hMod; 
        DWORD cbNeeded; 
 
        if ( EnumProcessModules( hProcess, &hMod, sizeof(hMod),  
            &cbNeeded) ) 
        { 
            GetModuleBaseName( hProcess, hMod, szProcessName,  
                sizeof(szProcessName)/sizeof(TCHAR) ); 
        } 
    } 
 
    // Print the process name and identifier. 
 
    _tprintf( TEXT("%s  (PID: %u)\n"), szProcessName, processID ); 
 
    // Release the handle to the process. 
 
    CloseHandle( hProcess ); 
} 
 
int main( void ) 
{ 
    // Get the list of process identifiers. 
 
    DWORD aProcesses[1024], cbNeeded, cProcesses; 
    unsigned int i; 
 
    if ( !EnumProcesses( aProcesses, sizeof(aProcesses), &cbNeeded ) ) 
    { 
        return 1; 
    } 
 
 
    // Calculate how many process identifiers were returned. 
 
    cProcesses = cbNeeded / sizeof(DWORD); 
 
    // Print the name and process identifier for each process. 
 
    for ( i = 0; i < cProcesses; i++ ) 
    { 
        if( aProcesses[i] != 0 ) 
        { 
            PrintProcessNameAndID( aProcesses[i] ); 
        } 
    } 
 
    return 0; 
} 
*/  
/* 
#include <windows.h> 
#include <Psapi.h> 
#include <tchar.h> 
#include <stdio.h> 
 
#pragma comment(lib, "Psapi.lib") 
 
// To ensure correct resolution of symbols, add Psapi.lib to TARGETLIBS 
// and compile with -DPSAPI_VERSION=1 
 
#define ARRAY_SIZE 1024 
 
int main( void ) 
{ 
    LPVOID drivers[ARRAY_SIZE]; 
    DWORD cbNeeded; 
    int cDrivers, i; 
 
    if( EnumDeviceDrivers(drivers, sizeof(drivers), &cbNeeded) && cbNeeded < sizeof(drivers)) 
    {  
        TCHAR szDriver[ARRAY_SIZE]; 
 
        cDrivers = cbNeeded / sizeof(drivers[0]); 
 
        _tprintf(TEXT("There are %d drivers:\n"), cDrivers);       
        for (i=0; i < cDrivers; i++ ) 
        { 
            if(GetDeviceDriverBaseName(drivers[i], szDriver, sizeof(szDriver) /              sizeof(szDriver[0]))) 
            { 
                _tprintf(TEXT("%d: %s\n"), i+1, szDriver); 
            } 
        } 
    } 
    else  
    { 
        _tprintf(TEXT("EnumDeviceDrivers failed; array size needed is %d\n"),             cbNeeded / sizeof(LPVOID)); 
        return 1; 
    } 
 
    return 0; 
} 
*/  
  
/* 
#include <windows.h> 
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <psapi.h> 
 
#pragma comment (lib, "Psapi.lib") 
// To ensure correct resolution of symbols, add Psapi.lib to TARGETLIBS 
// and compile with -DPSAPI_VERSION=1 
 
void PrintMemoryInfo( DWORD processID ) 
{ 
    HANDLE hProcess; 
    PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS pmc; 
 
    // Print the process identifier. 
 
    printf( "\nProcess ID: %u\n", processID ); 
 
    // Print information about the memory usage of the process. 
 
    hProcess = OpenProcess(  PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | 
        PROCESS_VM_READ, 
        FALSE, processID ); 
    if (NULL == hProcess) 
        return; 
 
    if ( GetProcessMemoryInfo( hProcess, &pmc, sizeof(pmc)) ) 
    { 
        printf( "\tPageFaultCount: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PageFaultCount ); 
        printf( "\tPeakWorkingSetSize: 0x%08X\n",  
            pmc.PeakWorkingSetSize ); 
        printf( "\tWorkingSetSize: 0x%08X\n", pmc.WorkingSetSize ); 
        printf( "\tQuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n",  
            pmc.QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage ); 
        printf( "\tQuotaPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n",  
            pmc.QuotaPagedPoolUsage ); 
        printf( "\tQuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n",  
            pmc.QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage ); 
        printf( "\tQuotaNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n",  
            pmc.QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage ); 
        printf( "\tPagefileUsage: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PagefileUsage );  
        printf( "\tPeakPagefileUsage: 0x%08X\n",  
            pmc.PeakPagefileUsage ); 
    } 
 
    CloseHandle( hProcess ); 
} 
 
int main( void ) 
{ 
    // Get the list of process identifiers. 
 
    DWORD aProcesses[1024], cbNeeded, cProcesses; 
    unsigned int i; 
 
    if ( !EnumProcesses( aProcesses, sizeof(aProcesses), &cbNeeded ) ) 
    { 
        return 1; 
    } 
 
    // Calculate how many process identifiers were returned. 
 
    cProcesses = cbNeeded / sizeof(DWORD); 
 
    // Print the memory usage for each process 
 
    for ( i = 0; i < cProcesses; i++ ) 
    { 
        PrintMemoryInfo( aProcesses[i] ); 
    } 
 
    return 0; 
} 
*/  
#include <windows.h>  
#include <tchar.h>  
#include <stdio.h>  
#include <psapi.h>  
  
#pragma comment (lib, "Psapi.lib")  
// To ensure correct resolution of symbols, add Psapi.lib to TARGETLIBS  
// and compile with -DPSAPI_VERSION=1  
  
int PrintModules( DWORD processID )  
{  
    HMODULE hMods[1024];  
    HANDLE hProcess;  
    DWORD cbNeeded;  
    unsigned int i;  
  
    // Print the process identifier.  
  
    printf( "\nProcess ID: %u\n", processID );  
  
    // Get a handle to the process.  
  
    hProcess = OpenProcess( PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION |  
        PROCESS_VM_READ,  
        FALSE, processID );  
    if (NULL == hProcess)  
        return 1;  
  
    // Get a list of all the modules in this process.  
  
    if( EnumProcessModules(hProcess, hMods, sizeof(hMods), &cbNeeded))  
    {  
        for ( i = 0; i < (cbNeeded / sizeof(HMODULE)); i++ )  
        {  
            TCHAR szModName[MAX_PATH];  
  
            // Get the full path to the module's file.  
  
            if ( GetModuleFileNameEx( hProcess, hMods[i], szModName,  
                sizeof(szModName) / sizeof(TCHAR)))  
            {  
                // Print the module name and handle value.  
  
                _tprintf( TEXT("\t%s (0x%08X)\n"), szModName, hMods[i] );  
            }  
        }  
    }  
  
    // Release the handle to the process.  
  
    CloseHandle( hProcess );  
  
    return 0;  
}  
  
int main( void )  
{  
  
    DWORD aProcesses[1024];   
    DWORD cbNeeded;   
    DWORD cProcesses;  
    unsigned int i;  
  
    // Get the list of process identifiers.  
  
    if ( !EnumProcesses( aProcesses, sizeof(aProcesses), &cbNeeded ) )  
        return 1;  
  
    // Calculate how many process identifiers were returned.  
  
    cProcesses = cbNeeded / sizeof(DWORD);  
  
    // Print the names of the modules for each process.  
  
    for ( i = 0; i < cProcesses; i++ )  
    {  
        PrintModules( aProcesses[i] );  
    }  
  
    return 0;  

}  

http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/betabin/article/details/7483939