UITextView UITextField

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本文深入探讨了iOS开发的关键技术和实战经验，包括Swift语言、Xcode集成开发环境、UI设计与响应式布局、网络请求与数据解析、MVC架构与单元测试等核心内容。通过丰富的案例分析，旨在帮助开发者提升iOS应用开发技能。

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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------UITextView---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1:禁止 UITextView 拖动

textView.scrollEnabled = NO;

注:如果动态修改textView的Frame时,不设置为NO,输入光标的显示位置将不会友好.

2: - (void)textViewDidChangeSelection:(UITextView *)textView

修改光标位置代码:

NSRange range;
range.location = 0;
range.length = 0;
textView.selectedRange = range;

注:手动调整光标位置时触发的委托,在第一次启动TextView编辑时,也会触发,会优先于键盘启动观察者事件,可以在这里区别是哪个TextView启动了键盘.

本委托的优先执行率高于 textViewDidBeginEditing 代理也高于 UIKeyboardWillShowNotification 通知

3:监听TextView 点击了ReturnKey 按钮

- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldChangeTextInRange:(NSRange)range replacementText:(NSString *)text
{

    if ([text isEqualToString:@"\n"]) {
        
        //这里写按了ReturnKey 按钮后的代码
        return NO;
    }

    return YES;
}

4:为UITextView 添加 Placeholder

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface FEUITextView : UITextView

@property(nonatomic) UILabel *placeHolderLabel;
@property(nonatomic) NSString *placeholder;
@property(nonatomic) UIColor *placeholderColor;


@end

- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder
{
    self = [super initWithCoder:aDecoder];
    if (self) {
        [self FE_defaultFunction];
    }
    return self;
}


#pragma mark - Private Function
- (void)FE_defaultFunction
{
    [self setText:@""];
    [self.layer setBorderWidth:1.0f];
    [self.layer setBorderColor:[UIColor colorWithRed:196.0/255.0 green:196.0/255.0 blue:196.0/255.0 alpha:1.0].CGColor];
    [self.layer setCornerRadius:5.0f];
    [self setBackgroundColor:[UIColor whiteColor]];
    
    [self setPlaceholder:@""];
    [self setPlaceholderColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor]];
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(FE_textChanged:) name:UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification object:nil];
}
- (void)FE_textChanged:(NSNotification *)notification
{
    if([[self placeholder] length] == 0)
    {
        return;
    }
    if([[self text] length] == 0)
    {
        [[self viewWithTag:999] setAlpha:1];
    }
    else
    {
        [[self viewWithTag:999] setAlpha:0];
    }
}
- (void)setText:(NSString *)text {
    [super setText:text];
    [self FE_textChanged:nil];
}
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
    if( [[self placeholder] length] > 0 )
    {
        if ( placeHolderLabel == nil )
        {
            placeHolderLabel = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(8,8,self.bounds.size.width - 16,0)];
            placeHolderLabel.lineBreakMode = UILineBreakModeWordWrap;
            placeHolderLabel.numberOfLines = 0;
            placeHolderLabel.font = self.font;
            placeHolderLabel.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
            placeHolderLabel.textColor = self.placeholderColor;
            placeHolderLabel.alpha = 0;
            placeHolderLabel.tag = 999;
            [self addSubview:placeHolderLabel];
        }
        placeHolderLabel.text = self.placeholder;
        [placeHolderLabel sizeToFit];
        [self sendSubviewToBack:placeHolderLabel];
    }
    if( [[self text] length] == 0 && [[self placeholder] length] > 0 )
    {
        [[self viewWithTag:999] setAlpha:1];
    }
    [super drawRect:rect];
}

5:键盘启动监听

//视图成功展现出来以后调用
- (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated
{
    //监听键盘切换
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]addObserver:self selector:@selector(FE_keyboardWillShow:) name:UIKeyboardWillShowNotification object:nil];
    [self.coopRemarkTextView becomeFirstResponder];
}
//视图准备回收时调用
- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated
{
    [self.coopRemarkTextView resignFirstResponder];
    [UIView animateWithDuration:0.25 delay:0 options:0 animations:^{
        [self.coopRemarkTextView setHelp_height:1];
    } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
    }];
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self];
}

/**
 *	@brief	当系统键盘被使用是触发此通知
 *
 *	@param 	notification 	通知
 */
- (void)FE_keyboardWillShow:(NSNotification*)notification {
        NSDictionary *userInfo = [notification userInfo];
        NSValue* aValue = [userInfo objectForKey:UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey];
        CGRect keyboardRect = [aValue CGRectValue];
        CGRect keyboardFrame = [self.view convertRect:keyboardRect fromView:[[UIApplication sharedApplication] keyWindow]];
        CGFloat  keyboardHieght =keyboardFrame.size.height ;//这里记录键盘启动或者是切换其他类型的键盘时 当前View相对键盘的Y轴
        [UIView animateWithDuration:0.25 delay:0 options:0 animations:^{
            [self.coopRemarkTextView setHelp_height:self.view.Help_height - keyboardHieght-24];
        } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
        }];
}

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------UITextView---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------UITextField---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1: 监听 UITextField 值变动事件

[searchTextField addTarget:self action:@selector(FE_fieldValueChange:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventEditingChanged];

2:将输入值显示成保密状态

self.password.secureTextEntry = YES;

3:修改UITextField 输入光标的边距(类似Padding的概念)位置(参考:UITextField设置padding)

- (void)Parent_setTextCursorWithLeftPadding:(CGFloat)paddingLeft withRightPadding:(CGFloat)paddingRight
{
    self.Parent_paddingLeft = paddingLeft;
    self.Parent_paddingRight = paddingRight;
}
- (CGRect)textRectForBounds:(CGRect)bounds {
    return CGRectMake(bounds.origin.x + self.Parent_paddingLeft,
                      bounds.origin.y ,
                      bounds.size.width - self.Parent_paddingRight, bounds.size.height);
}
- (CGRect)editingRectForBounds:(CGRect)bounds {
    return [self textRectForBounds:bounds];
}

4:去掉键盘输入时的辅助提示

self.testTextField.autocorrectionType = UITextAutocorrectionTypeNo;

5:设置UITextField在空值时禁止Return Key的使用

self.testTextField.enablesReturnKeyAutomatically = YES;

6:设置键盘风格

self.testTextField.keyboardAppearance = UIKeyboardAppearanceAlert;//黑色风格 目前只有两种

7:为UITextField加入清除输入值按钮

[_flowCalendarTimeInputView setClearButtonMode:UITextFieldViewModeWhileEditing];

8:修复UITextField 当前光标所在位置 (参考:光标移动)

- (void)Help_moveCursorWithDirection:(UITextLayoutDirection)direction offset:(NSInteger)offset
{
	UITextRange *range = self.selectedTextRange;
	UITextPosition* start = [self positionFromPosition:range.start inDirection:direction offset:offset];
	if (start)
	{
		[self setSelectedTextRange:[self textRangeFromPosition:start toPosition:start]];
	}
}

注:1:所入光标移动的方向和位置值

2:如果需要在键盘刚启动时就修改键盘光标位置请在 becomeFirstResponder前调用

[_flowCalendarTimeInputView becomeFirstResponder];
[_flowCalendarTimeInputView Help_moveCursorWithDirection:UITextLayoutDirectionLeft offset:1];

9:基于第八点技术实现手工输入时间数字校验代码:

第一步: 先设置委托和监听

[_flowCalendarTimeInputView setDelegate:self];
[_flowCalendarTimeInputView addTarget:self action:@selector(Flow_inputTimeValueChange:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventEditingChanged];

第二步:实现

- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string
{
    if ([string isEqualToString:@""]) {
        return NO;
    }
    switch (textField.text.length) {
        case 1:
            if ([string  intValue] > 2) {
                return NO;
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            if ([string  intValue] > 3) {
                return NO;
            }
            break;
        case 3:
            if ([string  intValue] > 5) {
                return NO;
            }
            break;
        case 4:
            
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
    return YES;
}
- (void)Flow_inputTimeValueChange:(UITextField *)textField
{
    if (textField.text.length == 0) {
        [textField setText:@":"];
        [textField Help_moveCursorWithDirection:UITextLayoutDirectionLeft offset:1];
    }
    if (textField.text.length == 5) {
        [self setFlowCalendarSelectedDate:[NSDate Help_dateWithDateString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"2012-11-01 %@:00",textField.text]] modifyMode:FlowCalendarSelectedDateModifyModeTime];
    }
    if (textField.text.length >= 6) {
        textField.text = [textField.text substringWithRange:(NSRange){0,textField.text.length-1}];
    }
    if (textField.text.length == 3) {
        [textField Help_moveCursorWithDirection:UITextLayoutDirectionRight offset:1];
    }
}

10:为键盘类型: UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad 添加完成按钮(参考:http://www.winddisk.com/2012/04/06/uikeyboardtypenumberpad_add_returnkey/)

一:注册监听事件:

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(Flow_keyboardDidShow:) name:UIKeyboardDidShowNotification object:nil];

/**
 *	@brief	当系统键盘展现出来以后触发此通知
 *
 *	@param 	notification 	通知
 */
- (void)Flow_keyboardDidShow:(NSNotification*)notification {
    [self Flow_addFinishButtonToKeyboard];
}

那么当键盘展现出来时,就会触发这个方法:

二:添加完成按钮方法:

- (void)Flow_addFinishButtonToKeyboard {
	// create custom button
	UIButton *doneButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
	doneButton.frame = CGRectMake(0, 163, 106, 53);
	doneButton.adjustsImageWhenHighlighted = NO;
    [doneButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"DoneUp3.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [doneButton setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"DoneDown3.png"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
	[doneButton addTarget:self action:@selector(Flow_finishSelectedAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
	// locate keyboard view
	UIWindow* tempWindow = [[[UIApplication sharedApplication] windows] objectAtIndex:1];
	UIView* keyboard;
	for(int i=0; i<[tempWindow.subviews count]; i++) {
		keyboard = [tempWindow.subviews objectAtIndex:i];
		if([[keyboard description] hasPrefix:@"<UIPeripheralHost"] == YES)
            [keyboard addSubview:doneButton];
	}
}

找到keywindow后再依次找到键盘视图的原理

三:不使用的时候必须撤销这个键盘监听事件,否则影响其他视图键盘的使用

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self];

11:设置UITextField 水平居中,垂直居中

[_flowCalendarTimeInputView setTextAlignment:NSTextAlignmentCenter];
[_flowCalendarTimeInputView setContentVerticalAlignment:UIControlContentVerticalAlignmentCenter];

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------UITextField---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------