lucky tickets

本文通过两种不同的算法解决幸运票问题:暴力搜索(brute force)和动态规划(dp)。介绍了如何利用递归思想进行暴力搜索,并通过动态规划优化求解过程,最后引入容斥原理进一步提高效率。

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brute force:

dp[n][s]为n个数字和为s的方案数
则转移方程:dp[n+1][s+i]+=dp[n][s]   -1<i<10
代码:

结果悲剧了
brute force:oMS
dp:16MS!
  最初是打算看递归的结果看了放开递推思想(ACM_DIY中的鱼神所写),注意是放开,就是别一直想着用它,弄巧成拙学了容斥原理。
例题用的就是ural1036(Lucky Tickets),poj2346只是它的一个缩减的版本。 
代码:
 
(c++题解,代码运行时间小于200ms,内存小于64MB,代码不能有注释)It’s time for the company’s annual gala! To reward employees for their hard work over the past year, PAT Company has decided to hold a lucky draw. Each employee receives one or more tickets, each of which has a unique integer printed on it. During the lucky draw, the host will perform one of the following actions: Announce a lucky number x, and the winner is then the smallest number that is greater than or equal to x. Ask a specific employee for all his/her tickets that have already won. Declare that the ticket with a specific number x wins. A ticket can win multiple times. Your job is to help the host determine the outcome of each action. Input Specification: The first line contains a positive integer N (1≤N≤10 5 ), representing the number of tickets. The next N lines each contains two parts separated by a space: an employee ID in the format PAT followed by a six-digit number (e.g., PAT202412) and an integer x (−10 9 ≤x≤10 9 ), representing the number on the ticket. Then the following line contains a positive integer Q (1≤Q≤10 5 ), representing the number of actions. The next Q lines each contain one of the following three actions: 1 x: Declare the ticket with the smallest number that is greater than or equal to x as the winner. 2 y: Ask the employee with ID y all his/her tickets that have already won. 3 x: Declare the ticket with number x as the winner. It is guaranteed that there are no more than 100 actions of the 2nd type (2 y). Output Specification: For actions of type 1 and 3, output the employee ID holding the winning ticket. If no valid ticket exists, output ERROR. For actions of type 2, if the employee ID y does not exist, output ERROR. Otherwise, output all winning ticket numbers held by this employee in the same order of input. If no ticket wins, output an empty line instead. Sample Input: 10 PAT000001 1 PAT000003 5 PAT000002 4 PAT000010 20 PAT000001 2 PAT000008 7 PAT000010 18 PAT000003 -5 PAT102030 -2000 PAT000008 15 11 1 10 2 PAT000008 2 PAT000001 3 -10 1 9999 1 -10 3 2 1 0 3 1 2 PAT000001 3 -2000 Sample Output: PAT000008 15 ERROR ERROR PAT000003 PAT000001 PAT000001 PAT000001 1 2 PAT102030
最新发布
08-12
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