创建Spring Cloud微服务

本文详细介绍了使用SpringBoot和SpringCloud构建微服务架构的过程,包括父工程搭建、API模块创建、微服务提供者与消费者实现,以及通过RestTemplate进行远程调用的示例。

摘要生成于 C知道 ,由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持, 前往体验 >

maven不再讲述,过多的理论知识不解释,拿起键盘就是干,这里只是开始,后续会将Spring Cloud一套的东西都加进来,当然不是一篇文章,一篇文章一个内容,代码都是接着的。

创建一个父工程:

pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.ypp.springcloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>yppcloud</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>pom</packaging>
	
	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
		<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
		<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
		<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
		<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>Dalston.SR1</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>mysql</groupId>
				<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
				<version>5.0.4</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
				<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
				<version>1.0.31</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
				<version>1.3.0</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
				<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
				<version>1.2.3</version>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>junit</groupId>
				<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
				<version>${junit.version}</version>
				<scope>test</scope>
			</dependency>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>log4j</groupId>
				<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
				<version>${log4j.version}</version>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<finalName>microservicecloud</finalName>
		<resources>
			<resource>
				<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
				<filtering>true</filtering>
			</resource>
		</resources>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<delimiters>
						<delimit>$</delimit>
					</delimiters>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

注意spring boot和spring cloud版本,不熟悉的建议不要使用2.0以上的版本。版本有部分更改变动

主要是定义POM文件,将后续各个子模块公用的jar包等统一提出来,类似一个抽象父类

构建api子工程:

右键父项目,选择maven module,不是maven project,maven module项目才是存在子父级关系,project不存在关系

创建完成,父工程自动生成了配置

api模块的pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>com.ypp.springcloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>yppcloud</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>
	
	<artifactId>yppcloud-api</artifactId><!-- 当前Module我自己叫什么名字 -->


	<dependencies><!-- 当前Module需要用到的jar包,按自己需求添加,如果父类已经包含了,可以不用写版本号 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <!-- 懒人必备 setter、getter、Constructor等-->
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

如果要使用lombok的注解,请在eclipse/ide配置lombok插件

创建一个entity dept

package com.ypp.springcloud.entites;

import java.io.Serializable;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

@AllArgsConstructor//全参构造方法
@NoArgsConstructor//无参构造方法
@Accessors(chain=true)//链式编程写法
@Data//getter、setter方法
public class Dept implements Serializable{ //必须序列化

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = -1571650930758553704L; 
	
	private Long id;//主键
	
	private String deptName;//部门名称
	
	private String dbSource;//数据库,微服务可以一个服务对应一个数据库,同一个信息存储到不同的数据库
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Dept dept = new Dept();
		dept.setDbSource("ss").setDeptName("aa").setId(1L);//链式编程写法
	}

}

新建微服务的提供者:

同样创建一个子模块项目

   此服务占用的端口是8001

pom.xml引入相关依赖:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>com.ypp.springcloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>yppcloud</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>

	<artifactId>yppcloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>

	<dependencies>
		<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.ypp.springcloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>yppcloud-api</artifactId>
			<version>${project.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<!-- actuator监控信息完善 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 将微服务provider侧注册进eureka -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
			<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
			<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

spring boot内部嵌入了tomcat、jetty等应用服务器,这里我使用的是jetty

新建application.yml:

server: 
  port: 8001
    
spring: 
  application: 
    name: yppcloud-dept         #很重要,很重要,很重要,这是微服务向外部暴露的微服务的名字
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    platform: mysql
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ypp-springcloud?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&allowMultiQueries=true&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: admin
    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT1FROMDUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    filters: stat,wall
    logSlowSql: true
    
mybatis: 
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml
  typeAliasesPackage: com.ypp.springcloud.entites
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/**/*Mapper.xml
  
eureka:
  client: #客户端注册进eureka服务列表内
    service-url: 
      #defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka
       defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/      
  instance:
    instance-id: microservicecloud-dept8001
    prefer-ip-address: true     #访问路径可以显示IP地址
  
#logging.config: 
#  classpath: dev/log4j2_dev.xml

  mapper代码和service代码等这种代码不贴

 

mybatis.cfg.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

	<settings>
		<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true" /><!-- 二级缓存开启 -->
	</settings>

</configuration>

编写启动类Application,注意位置。顶包下

package com.ypp.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
	}
}

启动,postman测试:

  成功

 

创建微服务的消费者端:

同样创建一个子模块项目:yppcloud-consumer-dept-80     占用80端口,访问一般直接访问网站不带端口的

application.yml:

很简单,配置一个端口就行了

pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>com.ypp.springcloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>yppcloud</artifactId>
		<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	</parent>
	
	<artifactId>yppcloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
	<description>部门微服务消费者</description>

	<dependencies>
		<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>com.ypp.springcloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>yppcloud-api</artifactId>
			<version>${project.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- 修改后立即生效,热部署 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

配置一个restTemplate远程调用8001的客户端

RestTemplate:提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类,是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集,使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单。(url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。
 

ConfigRest:

package com.ypp.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ConfigRest {

	@Bean(name = "restTemplate")
	public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
		return new RestTemplate();
	}
}

创建一个消费端的入口:DeptControllerConsumer

package com.ypp.springcloud.consumer;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.ypp.springcloud.entites.Dept;

@RestController
public class DeptControllerConsumer {

	private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";

	@Autowired
	private RestTemplate restTemplate;

	@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/add")
	public boolean add(Dept dept) {
		return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
	public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
		return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/get/" + id, Dept.class);
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	@RequestMapping(value = "/consumer/dept/list")
	public List<Dept> list() {
		return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/list", List.class);
	}
}

项目结构:

    

postman测试:

以上差不多就是大概的内容,其实这里主要是在复习spring boot,springcloud的很多东西还没用到。

目前的项目结构:

后面接着这个来进行,下一遍:Eureka服务注册与发现,和Zookeeper类似的东西

源码地址:https://pan.baidu.com/s/155FPzaFX7pXafqINNbRe-A    提取码:mp5a

 

在Spring Cloud系列学习完之后,给整套demo源码地址,包含的内容有:Eureka服务注册与发现、Ribbon负载均衡、Feign负载均衡、Hystrix断路器、zuul路由网关、Config分布式配置

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值