DirectX 8.1 初探-优快云博客

本文介绍如何在Windows 2000 Pro环境下使用VC++6.0和DirectX 8.1创建一个简单的3D窗口应用程序。文章详细记录了从环境配置、SDK下载、代码编写到编译调试的全过程，并解决了链接器错误问题。

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来源：http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/LamyWaWa/archive/2005/02/19/293923.aspx

平台：windows2000pro sp4；
工具：VC++6.0；
图形库：DirectX ver8.1；

1。看“3D游戏从头编”按步骤下载3.3M的sdk精简版。
2。按提示，设置目录sdk目录。Tools => Options => Directories => Show directories for: 选择Library files 添加目录/选择Include files添加目录我的目录为E:/dx81 环境配置完毕。
3。新建工程 Win32 Application 输入工程名，然后选择An empty project 产生一个空的工程。
4。按工具栏新建new text file按钮，新建一个文本文档。
5。贴入源文件

#include <d3d8.h> LPDIRECT3D8 g_pD3D = NULL; // 用来创建D3D设备 LPDIRECT3DDEVICE8 g_pd3dDevice = NULL; // D3D设备 // 初始化D3D HRESULT InitD3D( HWND hWnd ) { // 创建D3D对象 if( NULL == ( g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate8( D3D_SDK_VERSION ) ) ) return E_FAIL; // 获取当前的显示模式 D3DDISPLAYMODE d3ddm; if( FAILED( g_pD3D->GetAdapterDisplayMode( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, &d3ddm ) ) ) return E_FAIL; D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp; ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp) ); d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE; // 窗口模式 d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD; // 设置交换模式 d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = d3ddm.Format; // 设置背景缓冲区格式为当前左面格式 // 创建D3D设备 // 第一个参数：使用默认的显卡适配器 // 第二个参数：请求使用硬件抽象层（HAL） // 第三个参数：窗口句柄 // 第四个参数：使用软件处理顶点 // 第五个参数：创建的参数 // 第六个参数：创建的D3D设备指针 if( FAILED( g_pD3D->CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd, D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING, &d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice ) ) ) { return E_FAIL; } return S_OK; } // 释放D3D VOID Cleanup() { if( g_pd3dDevice != NULL) g_pd3dDevice->Release(); if( g_pD3D != NULL) g_pD3D->Release(); } // 渲染 VOID Render() { if( NULL == g_pd3dDevice ) return; // 清除背景为兰色 g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0,0,255), 1.0f, 0 ); // 开始绘制场景 g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene(); // 这里绘制你需要的东西 // 结束场景绘制 g_pd3dDevice->EndScene(); // 显示到屏幕上 g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL ); } // 消息处理 LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ) { switch( msg ) { case WM_DESTROY: // 退出消息 PostQuitMessage( 0 ); return 0; case WM_PAINT: // 绘制 Render(); ValidateRect( hWnd, NULL ); return 0; } return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam ); } // WinMain程序入口 INT WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, INT ) { // 注册窗口类 WNDCLASSEX wc = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc, 0L, 0L, GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, "D3D Tutorial", NULL }; RegisterClassEx( &wc ); // 创建窗口 HWND hWnd = CreateWindow( "D3D Tutorial", "D3D Tutorial 01: CreateDevice", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 300, 300, GetDesktopWindow(), NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL ); // 初始化D3D if( SUCCEEDED( InitD3D( hWnd ) ) ) { // 显示窗口 ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT ); UpdateWindow( hWnd ); // 消息循环 MSG msg; while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ) { TranslateMessage( &msg ); DispatchMessage( &msg ); } } // 结束处理 Cleanup(); UnregisterClass( "D3D Tutorial", wc.hInstance ); return 0; }

6。编译结果0 error(s), 0 warning(s)
7。调试结果
d3_1.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol _Direct3DCreate8@4
Debug/d3_1.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals
Error executing link.exe. d3_1.exe - 2 error(s), 0 warning(s)

8。解决问题去google查找答案。结果
在 linker里设置或是在代码里加入“#pragma comment( lib, "d3d8.lib" )
”等等
9。加入#pragma comment(lib,"d3d8.lib")，重新编译，调试通过，程序执行结果如图

调试返回
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/ntdll.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/KERNEL32.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/USER32.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/GDI32.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/d3d8.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/d3d8thk.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/msvcrt.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/ADVAPI32.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/rpcrt4.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/version.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/lz32.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/imm32.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/lpk.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/usp10.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/Program Files/msnshell/msnshell.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/oleaut32.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/OLE32.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/SHELL32.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/SHLWAPI.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/comctl32.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/winspool.drv', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/mpr.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/WININET.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/CRYPT32.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/msasn1.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/URLMON.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/comdlg32.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/oleacc.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/olepro32.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/indicdll.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/Program Files/3721/helper.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/Program Files/Tencent/QQ/QQHook.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/Downloaded Program Files/CONFLICT.1/BDSrHook.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/ws2_32.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/ws2help.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/setupapi.dll', no matching symbolic information found.
Loaded 'C:/WINNT/system32/USERENV.DLL', no matching symbolic information found.
The thread 0x44C has exited with code 0 (0x0).
The program 'D:/game/c++/d3_1/Debug/d3_1.exe' has exited with code 0 (0x0).

虽然是个空的窗口但是是一个d3d程序，大家有兴趣也可以试试。

第一个D3D程序