iphone的soap应用(webservice)

最新推荐文章于 2017-12-07 17:22:48 发布

yanwudingkou

最新推荐文章于 2017-12-07 17:22:48 发布

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分类专栏： mac&amp;&amp;iphone 文章标签： soap webservice iphone 服务器 encoding attributes

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本文介绍如何在iPhone应用中实现SOAP WebService交互，包括构建SOAP请求、发送HTTP POST请求及解析XML响应等步骤。

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原帖地址：http://www.cocoachina.com/bbs/read.php?tid-16561.html

最近研究了下soap,找不到iphone上好用的soap代码.发现坛子，关于soap的东西也不多，就把自己写的贴出来，请大家批评指正吧。

用到的提供soap接口的网址是:http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/这个页面有多个方法可以通过soap调用,页面上也有说明.如果用IE的浏览器还能看到此网页提供的wsdl文件.要做soap的webservice首先要了解一些关于webservice和soap的一些基本知识.下面几个网址可能会帮你快速入门.

soap教程:http://www.w3school.com.cn/soap/index.asp
使用WSDL发布WebService:http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/meiqingsong/archive/2005/04/04/336057.aspx

    为了便于理解,我先讲下soap的大体原理:我们在iphone封装soap请求信息,发送到某个提供soap服务的服务器,如下例中我们用到的http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/.服务器能接受和识别soap请求,当它接到请求,就根据客户端的请求情况调用服务器上的某个函数,并将函数返回结果封装成soap反馈信息发送给客户端.客户端接收到soap反馈信息后,进行解析处理,以用户能理解的形式呈现给用户.整个过程就这么简单.

    好了,假设现在你已经有关于soap的基础知识(没有也没关系,看了例子,再理解就更好理解了),下面我们开始做soap的例子.

    第一步,建一个Hello_SOAP项目.用IB将Hello_SOAPViewController.xib做成如下图的界面

然后在Hello_SOAPViewController.h中添加如下代码

复制代码

@interface Hello_SOAPViewController : UIViewController
{
IBOutlet UITextField *nameInput;
IBOutlet UILabel *greeting;
NSMutableData *webData;
NSMutableString *soapResults;
NSXMLParser *xmlParser;
BOOL recordResults;
}
@property(nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextField *nameInput;
@property(nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UILabel *greeting;
@property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableData *webData;
@property(nonatomic, retain) NSMutableString *soapResults;
@property(nonatomic, retain) NSXMLParser *xmlParser;
-(IBAction)buttonClick: (id) sender;
- (void)getOffesetUTCTimeSOAP;

然后在Hello_SOAPViewController.xib中将两个输出口和一个动作连接好,这个不用手把手吧?
在Hello_SOAPViewController.m文件中加入以下方法 :

复制代码

- (void)getOffesetUTCTimeSOAP
{
recordResults = NO;
//封装soap请求消息
NSString *soapMessage = [NSString stringWithFormat:
@"<?xml version=/"1.0/" encoding=/"utf-8/"?>/n"
"<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/" xmlns:xsd=/"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema/" xmlns:soap=/"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//">/n"
"<soap:Body>/n"
"<getOffesetUTCTime xmlns=/"http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService//">/n"
"<hoursOffset>%@</hoursOffset>/n"
"</getOffesetUTCTime>/n"
"</soap:Body>/n"
"</soap:Envelope>/n",nameInput.text
];
NSLog(soapMessage);
//请求发送到的路径
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.nanonull.com/TimeService/TimeService.asmx"];
NSMutableURLRequest *theRequest = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
NSString *msgLength = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", [soapMessage length]];
//以下对请求信息添加属性前四句是必有的，第五句是soap信息。
[theRequest addValue: @"text/xml; charset=utf-8" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
[theRequest addValue: @"http://www.Nanonull.com/TimeService/getOffesetUTCTime" forHTTPHeaderField:@"SOAPAction"];
[theRequest addValue: msgLength forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Length"];
[theRequest setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
[theRequest setHTTPBody: [soapMessage dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]];
//请求
NSURLConnection *theConnection = [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:theRequest delegate:self];
//如果连接已经建好，则初始化data
if( theConnection )
{
webData = [[NSMutableData data] retain];
}
else
{
NSLog(@"theConnection is NULL");
}
}

这个方法作用就是封装soap请求,并向服务器发送请求.
代码有注释.不重复讲解.soap并不难,难的是没有案例告诉我们怎么把其它平台的soap移植过来,这里我给出了代码,我相信对iphone开发人员的话应该能看懂了.我在下面会把此案例的源代码附上.如果自己做不出来再看我的代码.如果我这样讲您觉得不够细,那说明您的iphone开发还不是太深入,那么您应该用不到soap技术.可以飘过了.
下面的代码是接收信息并解析,显示到用户界面

复制代码

-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response
{
[webData setLength: 0];
NSLog(@"connection: didReceiveResponse:1");
}
-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data
{
[webData appendData:data];
NSLog(@"connection: didReceiveData:2");
}
//如果电脑没有连接网络，则出现此信息（不是网络服务器不通）
-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
NSLog(@"ERROR with theConenction");
[connection release];
[webData release];
}
-(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
{
NSLog(@"3 DONE. Received Bytes: %d", [webData length]);
NSString *theXML = [[NSString alloc] initWithBytes: [webData mutableBytes] length:[webData length] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(theXML);
[theXML release];
//重新加載xmlParser
if( xmlParser )
{
[xmlParser release];
}
xmlParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData: webData];
[xmlParser setDelegate: self];
[xmlParser setShouldResolveExternalEntities: YES];
[xmlParser parse];
[connection release];
//[webData release];
}
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *) namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
attributes: (NSDictionary *)attributeDict
{
NSLog(@"4 parser didStarElemen: namespaceURI: attributes:");
if( [elementName isEqualToString:@"getOffesetUTCTimeResult"])
{
if(!soapResults)
{
soapResults = [[NSMutableString alloc] init];
}
recordResults = YES;
}
}
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string
{
NSLog(@"5 parser: foundCharacters:");
if( recordResults )
{
[soapResults appendString: string];
}
}
-(void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName
{
NSLog(@"6 parser: didEndElement:");
if( [elementName isEqualToString:@"getOffesetUTCTimeResult"])
{
recordResults = FALSE;
greeting.text = [[[NSString init]stringWithFormat:@"第%@时区的时间是: ",nameInput.text] stringByAppendingString:soapResults];
[soapResults release];
soapResults = nil;
NSLog(@"hoursOffset result");
}
}
- (void)parserDidStartDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{
NSLog(@"-------------------start--------------");
}
- (void)parserDidEndDocument:(NSXMLParser *)parser{
NSLog(@"-------------------end--------------");
}