CORS
CORS(Cross-Origin Resource Sharing) 跨域资源共享,是一种允许当前域(domain)的资源(比如html/js/web service)被其他域(domain)的脚本请求访问的机制,通常由于同域安全策略(the same-origin security policy)浏览器会禁止这种跨域请求。
如:a.com 请求b.com的资源时,就涉及到了跨域。目前常见的跨域解决方案一般分为如下几类:
jsonp返回值解决get请求
iframe解决跨域访问
Nginx 解决CORS
nginx 简单配置
server {
listen 80;
server_name b.com;
location /{
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' 'http://a.com';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET';
}
}
add_header:授权从a.com的请求
第二条add_header:当该标志为真时,响应于该请求是否可以被暴露
第三条add_header:指定请求的方法,可以是GET,POST,PUT,DELETE,HEAD
同样支持通配符,如允许来自任何域的请求:
server {
listen 80;
server_name b.com;
location /{
Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
}
}
高级配置
location / {
if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') {
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
#
# Custom headers and headers various browsers *should* be OK with but aren't
#
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,X-CustomHeader,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type';
#
# Tell client that this pre-flight info is valid for 20 days
#
add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000;
add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain charset=UTF-8';
add_header 'Content-Length' 0;
return 204;
}
if ($request_method = 'POST') {
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,X-CustomHeader,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type';
}
if ($request_method = 'GET') {
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,X-CustomHeader,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type';
}
}
这样配置的也有
server{
listen 8099;
server_name wdm.test.cn;
location / {
// 没有配置OPTIONS的话,浏览器如果是自动识别协议(http or https),那么浏览器的自动OPTIONS请求会返回不能跨域
if ($request_method = OPTIONS ) {
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin "$http_origin";
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods "POST, GET, PUT, OPTIONS, DELETE";
add_header Access-Control-Max-Age "3600";
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers "Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept, Authorization";
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Credentials "true";
add_header Content-Length 0;
add_header Content-Type text/plain;
return 200;
}
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '$http_origin';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, OPTIONS';
add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'Content-Type,*';
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
}
}
这篇文章中还设计到安全了
https://www.cnblogs.com/hawk-whu/p/6725699.html
浏览器跨域方法基于Fetch的web请求实践
https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000006095018#articleHeader14
http 、 跨域 等相关文档
https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTTP/Cookies
http://www.ruanyifeng.com/blog/2016/04/cors.html
fetch api 接口文档相关
https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/API/Request