1、计数器线程问题
import java.util.Random;
public class Sequence {
private int value;
public int getNext() {
return value++;
}
// 测试
public static void main(String[] args) {
Sequence seq = new Sequence();
// 创建多个线程
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "===" + seq.getNext());
try {
Thread.sleep(50 * (new Random().nextInt(5) + 1));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}).start();
}
}
}
运行结果:
Thread-0===0
Thread-1===1
Thread-2===2
Thread-1===3
Thread-0===4
Thread-1===5
Thread-1===7
Thread-2===8
Thread-0===6
Thread-2===9
Thread-1===11
Thread-2===10
Thread-0===12
Thread-1===13
Thread-0===14
Thread-2===15
Thread-0===16
Thread-1===17
Thread-0===18
Thread-1===19
Thread-2===19
Thread-0===20
Thread-1===22
Thread-0===21
Thread-2===23
Thread-1===24
Thread-0===25
Thread-2===26
Thread-1===27
Thread-2===28
Thread-1===29
Thread-0===30
Thread-1===32
Thread-2===31
Thread-1===33
Thread-0===34
Thread-0===35
Thread-0===36
Thread-1===37
Thread-2===36
Thread-1===38
Thread-0===39
Thread-1===40
Thread-0===41
Thread-2===42
Thread-1===43
Thread-2===44
Thread-1===45
Thread-2===46
Thread-0===47
Thread-2===48
Thread-1===49
Thread-0===50
Thread-2===51
Thread-1===52
Thread-2===53
Thread-0===54
Thread-2===54
Thread-1===55
Thread-2===56
Thread-0===57
Thread-0===58
Thread-2===59
Thread-1===58
Thread-1===60
Thread-0===61
Thread-2===62
Thread-1===63
Thread-0===64
2、通过自己实现的锁来解决计数器的线程安全问题
计数器代码改写:
import java.util.Random;
public class Sequence {
private int value;
private MyLock lock;
public int getNext() {
lock.lock();
int result = value++;
lock.unlock();
return result;
}
// 测试
public static void main(String[] args) {
Sequence seq = new Sequence();
// 创建多个线程
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "===" + seq.getNext());
try {
Thread.sleep(50 * (new Random().nextInt(5) + 1));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}).start();
}
}
}
MyLock实现:
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
public class MyLock implements Lock {
private boolean isLocked = false;//获取锁的状态
@Override
public synchronized void lock() {
while(isLocked)
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
isLocked = true;//第一个进来线程拿到锁,改变锁状态
}
@Override
public synchronized void unlock() {
if(isLocked){//当前状态为锁定状态才可释放锁
isLocked = false;
notify();//唤醒等待获得锁的线程
} else {
throw new IllegalStateException("please get lock first!");
}
}
@Override
public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public boolean tryLock() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return false;
}
@Override
public Condition newCondition() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
}
运行结果:
Thread-0===0
Thread-1===2
Thread-2===1
Thread-1===3
Thread-1===4
Thread-0===5
Thread-0===6
Thread-2===7
Thread-1===8
Thread-2===9
Thread-0===10
Thread-2===11
Thread-1===12
Thread-1===13
Thread-0===14
Thread-1===15
Thread-2===16
Thread-0===17
Thread-2===18
Thread-2===19
Thread-1===20
Thread-2===21
Thread-0===22
Thread-2===23
Thread-1===24
Thread-0===25
Thread-2===26
Thread-1===27
Thread-0===28
Thread-2===29
Thread-1===30
Thread-2===31
Thread-0===32
Thread-2===33
Thread-1===34
Thread-0===35
Thread-2===36
Thread-0===37
Thread-1===38
Thread-0===39
Thread-1===40
Thread-2===41
Thread-1===42
Thread-2===43
Thread-0===44
Thread-2===45
Thread-0===46
Thread-1===47
Thread-2===48
Thread-0===49
Thread-1===50
Thread-2===51
Thread-2===52
Thread-0===53
Thread-1===54
Thread-0===55
Thread-2===56
Thread-0===57
Thread-2===58
Thread-1===59
Thread-1===60
Thread-0===61
Thread-0===62
Thread-2===63
Thread-1===64
Thread-1===65
Thread-2===66
Thread-1===67
Thread-0===68
Thread-2===69
Thread-2===70
Thread-0===71
Thread-1===72
Thread-0===73
Thread-2===74
Thread-1===75
Thread-1===76
Thread-0===77
Thread-0===78
Thread-2===79
Thread-1===80
Thread-2===81
Thread-0===82
Thread-2===83
Thread-1===84
Thread-1===85
Thread-0===86
Thread-2===87
Thread-2===88
Thread-1===89
Thread-0===90
Thread-2===91
Thread-1===92
Thread-0===93
Thread-0===94
Thread-2===95
Thread-0===96
Thread-1===97
Thread-2===98
Thread-2===99
Thread-1===100
Thread-2===101
Thread-0===102
Thread-2===103
Thread-1===104
Thread-0===105
Thread-2===106
Thread-1===107
Thread-0===108
Thread-0===109
Thread-2===110
Thread-1===111
Thread-0===112
Thread-1===113
Thread-0===114
Thread-2===115
Thread-1===116
Thread-0===117
Thread-2===118
Thread-1===119
Thread-0===120
Thread-2===121
Thread-1===122
Thread-0===123
Thread-0===124
Thread-0===125
3、MyLock是否可重入?
public class MyLockReentrant {
private MyLock lock = new MyLock();
public void a(){
lock.lock();
System.err.println("a");
b();
lock.unlock();
}
public void b(){
lock.lock();
System.err.println("b");
lock.unlock();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyLockReentrant lockReentrant = new MyLockReentrant();
lockReentrant.a();
}
}
运行结果:
线程发生无限期阻塞,说明MyLock不可重入,接下来对MyLock进行改进
4、MyLock改进为可重入
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
public class MyLock implements Lock {
private boolean isLocked = false;//获取锁的状态
private Thread lockThread;//当前获得锁的线程
private int lockCount;//获得锁次数
@Override
public synchronized void lock() {
while(isLocked && lockThread != Thread.currentThread())
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
isLocked = true;//第一个进来线程拿到锁,改变锁状态
lockThread = Thread.currentThread();
lockCount++;
}
@Override
public synchronized void unlock() {
if(isLocked){//当前状态为锁定状态才可释放锁
if(lockThread == Thread.currentThread()){
lockCount--;
if(lockCount == 0){
isLocked = false;
notify();//唤醒等待获得锁的线程
}
}
} else {
throw new IllegalStateException("please get lock first!");
}
}
@Override
public void lockInterruptibly() throws InterruptedException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public boolean tryLock() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return false;
}
@Override
public Condition newCondition() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
}
运行结果: