原文地址:http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/hpc19950723/article/details/70881226
前言
微信,微博,微商,QQ空间,大量的软件使用内嵌了H5,这个时候就需要了解Android如何更H5交互的了;有些外包公司,为了节约成本,采用android内嵌H5模式开发,便于在iOS上直接复用页面,最终解决成本。
为什么学android也要学h5?
Android很多软件都有内嵌H5的,有什么用处、优势?节约成本,提高开发效率。
实现的原理是什么?
本质是:Java代码和JavaScript调用
案例一:Java与js简单互调
首先,在Android代码中加载H5页面:
private void initWebView() {
webView = new WebView(this);
WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();
webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
webSettings.setUseWideViewPort(true);
webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(true);
webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient());
webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/JavaAndJavaScriptCall.html");
setContentView(webView);
}
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JavaAndJavaScriptCall.html:
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript">
function javaCallJs(){
document.getElementById("content").innerHTML +=
"<br\>java调用了js无参函数";
}
function javaCallJs(arg){
document.getElementById("content").innerHTML =
("欢迎:"+arg );
}
function showDialog(){
alert("谷粉们你好,我是来自javascript");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div align="left" id="content"> 谷粉</div>
<input type="button" value="点击Android被调用" onclick="window.Android.showToast()" />
</body>
</html>
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Java调用javascript:
/**
* Java调用javaScript
* @param numebr
*/
private void login(String numebr) {
webView.loadUrl("javascript:javaCallJs("+"'"+numebr+"'"+")");
setContentView(webView);
}
JavaScript调用Java
/**
* js可以调用该类的方法
*/
class AndroidAndJSInterface{
@JavascriptInterface
public void showToast(){
Toast.makeText(JavaAndJSActivity.this, "我被js调用了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
webView.addJavascriptInterface(new AndroidAndJSInterface(),"Android");
<input type="button" value="点击Android被调用" onclick="window.Android.showToast()" />
案例二:H5页面调用Android播放视频
了解了简单调用,下面讲的这个也就简单了:
1_JsCallJavaVideoActivity的布局和实例化控件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.atguigu.androidandh5.JsCallJavaVideoActivity">
<WebView
android:id="@+id/webview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</RelativeLayout>
2_实例化控件并且配置
public class JsCallJavaVideoActivity extends Activity {
private WebView webView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_js_call_java_video);
webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();
webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(true);
webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient());
webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/RealNetJSCallJavaActivity.htm");
}
}
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3_加载页面
//加载本地资源 webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/RealNetJSCallJavaActivity.htm");
4_参照js代码写Java被调用代码
url = "/mobiles/interActive/65411";
var videourl = "http://10.0.2.2:8080/yellow.mp4";
var itemid = "65411";
var itemdesc = "1级单杀小龙,5级单杀峡谷先锋!";
var itempic = "http://avatar.anzogame.com/pic_v1/lol/news/20160507/spic65411h572d6eaf.jpg";
var itemtitle = "6.9玛尔扎哈OP套路教程";
var obj_play = document.getElementById('play');
var obj_download = document.getElementById('download');
if(obj_play != null) {
obj_play.ontouchstart = function() {
this.className = 'inter_click';
javascript:android.playVideo(itemid, videourl, itemtitle);
ajaxrequest('/stat/item', "POST", true, {type:'play', id:itemid});
}
obj_play.ontouchend = function() {
this.className = 'inter';
}
}
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5_配置Javascript接口
webView.addJavascriptInterface(new AndroidAndJSInterface(),"android");
6_Javascript接口类
class AndroidAndJSInterface {
/**
* 该方法将被js调用
* @param id
* @param videoUrl
* @param tile
*/
@JavascriptInterface
public void playVideo(int id,String videoUrl,String tile){
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(videoUrl),"video/*");
startActivity(intent);
}
}
案例三:H5页面调用Android拨打电话
1_JsCallJavaCallPhoneActivity布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.atguigu.androidandh5.JsCallJavaVideoActivity">
<WebView
android:id="@+id/webview"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</RelativeLayout>
2_初始化WebView并且配置
private WebView webView;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_js_call_java_video);
webView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.webview);
WebSettings webSettings = webView.getSettings();
webSettings.setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
webSettings.setBuiltInZoomControls(true);
webView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient());
webView.addJavascriptInterface(new AndroidAndJSInterface(), "Android");
webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/JsCallJavaCallPhone.html");
}
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3_加载JsCallJavaCallPhone.html页面
//加载本地资源
// webView.loadUrl("http://atguigu.com/teacher.shtml")
webView.loadUrl("file:///android_asset/JsCallJavaCallPhone.html")
4_从java代码传递json数据给javascript
class AndroidAndJSInterface {
/**
* 该方法将被js调用,用于加载数据
*/
@JavascriptInterface
public void showcontacts() {
String json = "[{\"name\":\"阿福\", \"phone\":\"18600012345\"}]";
webView.loadUrl("javascript:show('" + json + "')");
}
}
5_拨打电话代码
class AndroidAndJSInterface {
/**
* 该方法将被js调用,用于加载数据
*/
@JavascriptInterface
public void showcontacts() {
String json = "[{\"name\":\"阿福\", \"phone\":\"18600012345\"}]";
webView.loadUrl("javascript:show('" + json + "')");
}
/**
* 拨打电话
* @param phone
*/
public void call(String phone) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:" + phone));
}
}
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6_h5页面:
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function show(jsondata){
var jsonobjs = eval(jsondata);
var table = document.getElementById("personTable");
for(var y=0; y<jsonobjs.length; y++){
var tr = table.insertRow(table.rows.length);
var td1 = tr.insertCell(0);
var td2 = tr.insertCell(1);
td2.align = "center";
td1.innerHTML = jsonobjs[y].name;
td2.innerHTML = "<a href='javascript:Android.call(\""+ jsonobjs[y].phone+ "\")'>"+ jsonobjs[y].phone+ "</a>";
}
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="javascript:Android.showcontacts()">
<table border="0" width="100%" id="personTable" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td width="30%">姓名</td>
<td align="center">电话</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>