magento2 配置自定义定时任务（cron ）和计划组（cron group）教程

本教程教你一步一步的创建一个自定义的cron job（定时任务），任选一个cron group。

1: 获取示例模块

1. 登录到magento服务器，切换到 Magento 2文件系统所有者.

2. 克隆 magento2 样本库.

   示例

   cd ~
   git clone git@github.com:magento/magento2-samples.git
   

3. 创建一个目录来拷贝示例代码:

   mkdir -p /var/www/html/magento2/app/code/Magento/SampleMinimal
   

4. 复制示例模块代码:

   cp -r ~/magento2-samples/sample-module-minimal/* /var/www/html/magento2/app/code/Magento/SampleMinimal
   

5. 验证文件是否正确复制:

   ls -al /var/www/html/magento2/app/code/Magento/SampleMinimal
   

   You should see the following result:

   drwxrwsr-x.   4 magento_user apache  4096 Oct 30 13:19 .
   drwxrwsr-x. 121 magento_user apache  4096 Oct 30 13:19 ..
   -rw-rw-r--.   1 magento_user apache   372 Oct 30 13:19 composer.json
   drwxrwsr-x.   2 magento_user apache  4096 Oct 30 13:19 etc
   -rw-rw-r--.   1 magento_user apache 10376 Oct 30 13:19 LICENSE_AFL.txt
   -rw-rw-r--.   1 magento_user apache 10364 Oct 30 13:19 LICENSE.txt
   -rw-rw-r--.   1 magento_user apache  1157 Oct 30 13:19 README.md
   -rw-rw-r--.   1 magento_user apache   270 Oct 30 13:19 registration.php
   drwxrwsr-x.   3 magento_user apache  4096 Oct 30 13:19 Test
   

6. 更新Magento 2 数据库和schema:

   php /var/www/html/magento2/bin/magento setup:upgrade
   

2: 验证样本模块

1. 用管理员身份登录magento 2后台
2. 点击 Stores > Configuration > ADVANCED > Advanced.

3. 如下图：

   
   

3: 创建一个类来运行cron

1. 为类创建目录并更改目录:

   mkdir /var/www/html/magento2/app/code/Magento/SampleMinimal/Cron && cd /var/www/html/magento2/app/code/Magento/SampleMinimal/Cron
   

2. 在目录中创建了一个名为Test.php的文件:

<?php
namespace Magento\SampleMinimal\Cron;
use \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;

class Test {
    protected $logger;

    public function __construct(LoggerInterface $logger) {
        $this->logger = $logger;
    }

/**
   * Write to system.log
   *
   * @return void
   */

    public function execute() {
        $this->logger->info('Cron Works');
    }

}

4: 创建 crontab.xml

在 /var/www/html/magento2/app/code/Magento/SampleMinimal/etc 目录创建 crontab.xml :

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:module:Magento_Cron:etc/crontab.xsd">
    <group id="default">
        <job name="custom_cronjob" instance="Magento\SampleMinimal\Cron\Test" method="execute">
            <schedule>* * * * *</schedule>
        </job>
    </group>
</config>

5: 验证cron job

1. 运行 Magento cron jobs:

   php /var/www/html/magento2/bin/magento cron:run
   

2. 输入 magento cron:run 命令

3. 运行查询sql SELECT * from cron_schedule WHERE job_code like '%custom%' 如下:

   1. 输入 mysql -u magento -p
   2. 输入 use magento;
   3. 输入 SELECT * from cron_schedule WHERE job_code like '%custom%';

   查询结果:

   +-------------+----------------+---------+----------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
   | schedule_id | job_code       | status  | messages | created_at          | scheduled_at        | executed_at         | finished_at         |
   +-------------+----------------+---------+----------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
   |        3670 | custom_cronjob | success | NULL     | 2016-11-02 09:38:03 | 2016-11-02 09:38:00 | 2016-11-02 09:39:03 | 2016-11-02 09:39:03 |
   |        3715 | custom_cronjob | success | NULL     | 2016-11-02 09:53:03 | 2016-11-02 09:53:00 | 2016-11-02 09:54:04 | 2016-11-02 09:54:04 |
   |        3758 | custom_cronjob | success | NULL     | 2016-11-02 10:09:03 | 2016-11-02 10:09:00 | 2016-11-02 10:10:03 | 2016-11-02 10:10:03 |
   |        3797 | custom_cronjob | success | NULL     | 2016-11-02 10:24:03 | 2016-11-02 10:24:00 | 2016-11-02 10:25:03 | 2016-11-02 10:25:03 |
   +-------------+----------------+---------+----------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
   

6: 设置自定义 cron group

1. 打开 crontab.xml 在文本编辑器.
2. 更改 <group id="default"> 为 <group id="custom_crongroup">
3. 保存.
4. 创建 /var/www/html/magento2/app/code/Magento/SampleMinimal/etc/cron_groups.xml 具有以下内容:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:module:Magento_Cron:etc/cron_groups.xsd">
    <group id="custom_crongroup">
        <schedule_generate_every>1</schedule_generate_every>
        <schedule_ahead_for>4</schedule_ahead_for>
        <schedule_lifetime>2</schedule_lifetime>
        <history_cleanup_every>10</history_cleanup_every>
        <history_success_lifetime>60</history_success_lifetime>
        <history_failure_lifetime>600</history_failure_lifetime>
    </group>
</config>

7: 验证 cron group

1. 运行cron job 在Magento自定义组：

   php /var/www/html/magento2/bin/magento cron:run --group="custom_crongroup"
   

   至少运行两次命令。

2. 清除magento 2缓存:

   php /var/www/html/magento2/bin/magento cache:clean
   

3. 用管理员身份登录到后台.
4. 点击 Stores > Configuration > Advanced >System.

5. 在右窗格中展开 Cron.

   如下图: