我们在集成Spring和struts的时候,往往习惯于使用spring提供的ActionSupport,然后使用getWebApplicationContext()方法获得spring的bean,这样固然方便,但有一个弊端,就是我们的struts action依赖了spring的api,增加了耦合,现在什么都流行高内聚,低耦合,spring为我们提供了代理的Struts action,这样,我们在struts-config.xml不再为path设置真正的action,而是设计spring的代理Action,然后由spring的代理action,去寻找在spring bean 容器中的真正的action,这样,我们的action是一个完全没有依赖于spring的action ,具体实现请看以下代码:
Action:

/**//*
* Generated by MyEclipse Struts
* Template path: templates/java/JavaClass.vtl
*/
package action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import Service.StudentService;



public class ListStudentActionAction extends Action ...{
private StudentService studentService;
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,

HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) ...{

System.out.println(this.studentService.getStudent().getName()+"--"+this.studentService.getStudent().getSex());
return null;
}
//通过spring注入service

public void setStudentService(StudentService studentService) ...{
this.studentService = studentService;
}
}
Service:
package Service;

import Model.Student;

public class StudentService {

public Student getStudent(){
return new Student("name","sex");
}
}

applicationContext.xml
配置真正的strutsAction,并把service类注入
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">

<bean name="/listStudentAction" class="action.ListStudentActionAction">
<property name="studentService">
<bean class="Service.StudentService"/>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
struts-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
<data-sources />
<form-beans />
<global-exceptions />
<global-forwards />
<action-mappings >
<!-- 不再真正的action,而注册spring的代理action
<action path="/listStudentAction" type="action.ListStudentActionAction" />
-->
<action path="/listStudentAction" type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" />


</action-mappings>

<message-resources parameter="ApplicationResources" />



<plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn">
<set-property property="contextConfigLocation"
value="/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext-service.xml"/>
</plug-in>
</struts-config>


需要说明的是,由于spring dtd规定id不能有"/",所以我们用name定义path,并且,spring bean的name要和struts-config.xml中的path一致
使用DelegatingActionProxy的好处就在于你可以用不用任何spring特定的类编写Struts Action,这个方法也有不足之处,就是不太直观,因为所有路径都映射到同一个类了
对于这种情况,spring也有解决方法,就是使用请求委托
首先,为struts-config.xml增加controller
<!-- 使用请求委托 -->
<controller processorClass="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor">
</controller>
然后,修改我们的path定义位 <action path="/listStudentAction" type="action.ListStudentActionAction"/>
这样,又和我们单独使用struts的时候一样了,但内部还是让spring取代理我们的真正的action
需要说明的是,这里的type其实是个摆设,完全可以使用 <action path="/listStudentAction"/>,写上是为了解决我们上面提到的“不够直观的”的问题