--------------索引的使用-------------

 A. 使用简单索引
下面的示例为 authors 表的 au_id 列创建索引。

SET NOCOUNT OFF
USE pubs
IF EXISTS ( SELECT name FROM sysindexes
      WHERE name = ' au_id_ind ' )
   DROP INDEX authors.au_id_ind
GO
USE pubs
CREATE INDEX au_id_ind
   ON authors (au_id)
GO

B. 使用唯一聚集索引
下面的示例为 emp_pay 表的 employeeID 列创建索引，并且强制唯一性。因为指定了 CLUSTERED 子句，所以该索引将对磁盘上的数据进行物理排序。

SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
IF EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
      WHERE TABLE_NAME = ' emp_pay ' )
   DROP TABLE emp_pay
GO
USE pubs
IF EXISTS ( SELECT name FROM sysindexes
      WHERE name = ' employeeID_ind ' )
   DROP INDEX emp_pay.employeeID_ind
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE TABLE emp_pay
(
employeeID int NOT NULL ,
base_pay money NOT NULL ,
commission decimal ( 2 , 2 ) NOT NULL
)
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 1 , 500 , . 10 )
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 2 , 1000 , . 05 )
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 3 , 800 , . 07 )
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 5 , 1500 , . 03 )
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 9 , 750 , . 06 )
GO
SET NOCOUNT OFF
CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX employeeID_ind
   ON emp_pay (employeeID)
GO C. 使用简单组合索引 下面的示例为 order_emp 表的 orderID 列和 employeeID 列创建索引。 SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
IF EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
      WHERE TABLE_NAME = ' order_emp ' )
   DROP TABLE order_emp
GO
USE pubs
IF EXISTS ( SELECT name FROM sysindexes
      WHERE name = ' emp_order_ind ' )
   DROP INDEX order_emp.emp_order_ind
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE TABLE order_emp
(
orderID int IDENTITY ( 1000 , 1 ),
employeeID int NOT NULL ,
orderdate datetime NOT NULL DEFAULT GETDATE (),
orderamount money NOT NULL
)

INSERT order_emp (employeeID, orderdate, orderamount)
   VALUES ( 5 , ' 4/12/98 ' , 315.19 )
INSERT order_emp (employeeID, orderdate, orderamount)
   VALUES ( 5 , ' 5/30/98 ' , 1929.04 )
INSERT order_emp (employeeID, orderdate, orderamount)
   VALUES ( 1 , ' 1/03/98 ' , 2039.82 )
INSERT order_emp (employeeID, orderdate, orderamount)
   VALUES ( 1 , ' 1/22/98 ' , 445.29 )
INSERT order_emp (employeeID, orderdate, orderamount)
   VALUES ( 4 , ' 4/05/98 ' , 689.39 )
INSERT order_emp (employeeID, orderdate, orderamount)
   VALUES ( 7 , ' 3/21/98 ' , 1598.23 )
INSERT order_emp (employeeID, orderdate, orderamount)
   VALUES ( 7 , ' 3/21/98 ' , 445.77 )
INSERT order_emp (employeeID, orderdate, orderamount)
   VALUES ( 7 , ' 3/22/98 ' , 2178.98 )
GO
SET NOCOUNT OFF
CREATE INDEX emp_order_ind
   ON order_emp (orderID, employeeID)

D. 使用 FILLFACTOR 选项
下面的示例使用 FILLFACTOR 子句，将其设置为 100 。 FILLFACTOR 为 100 将完全填满每一页，只有确定表中的索引值永远不会更改时，该选项才有用。

SET NOCOUNT OFF
USE pubs
IF EXISTS ( SELECT name FROM sysindexes
      WHERE name = ' zip_ind ' )
   DROP INDEX authors.zip_ind
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX zip_ind
   ON authors (zip)
   WITH FILLFACTOR = 100

E. 使用 IGNORE_DUP_KEY
下面的示例为 emp_pay 表创建唯一聚集索引。如果输入了重复的键，将忽略该 INSERT 或 UPDATE 语句。

SET NOCOUNT ON
USE pubs
IF EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
      WHERE TABLE_NAME = ' emp_pay ' )
   DROP TABLE emp_pay
GO
USE pubs
IF EXISTS ( SELECT name FROM sysindexes
      WHERE name = ' employeeID_ind ' )
   DROP INDEX emp_pay.employeeID_ind
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE TABLE emp_pay
(
employeeID int NOT NULL ,
base_pay money NOT NULL ,
commission decimal ( 2 , 2 ) NOT NULL
)
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 1 , 500 , . 10 )
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 2 , 1000 , . 05 )
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 3 , 800 , . 07 )
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 5 , 1500 , . 03 )
INSERT emp_pay
   VALUES ( 9 , 750 , . 06 )
GO
SET NOCOUNT OFF
GO
CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX employeeID_ind
   ON emp_pay(employeeID)
   WITH IGNORE_DUP_KEY

F. 使用 PAD_INDEX 创建索引
下面的示例为 authors 表中的作者标识号创建索引。没有 PAD_INDEX 子句，SQL Server 将创建填充 10 % 的叶级页，但是叶级之上的页几乎被完全填满。使用 PAD_INDEX 时，中间级页也填满 10 % 。



说明  如果没有指定 PAD_INDEX，唯一聚集索引的索引页上至少会出现两项。


SET NOCOUNT OFF
USE pubs
IF EXISTS ( SELECT name FROM sysindexes
      WHERE name = ' au_id_ind ' )
   DROP INDEX authors.au_id_ind
GO
USE pubs
CREATE INDEX au_id_ind
   ON authors (au_id)
   WITH PAD_INDEX, FILLFACTOR = 10

G. 为视图创建索引
下面的示例将创建一个视图，并为该视图创建索引。然后，引入两个使用该索引视图的查询。

USE Northwind
GO

-- Set the options to support indexed views.
SET NUMERIC_ROUNDABORT OFF
GO
SET ANSI_PADDING,ANSI_WARNINGS,CONCAT_NULL_YIELDS_NULL,ARITHABORT,QUOTED_IDENTIFIER,ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

-- Create view.
CREATE    VIEW V1
WITH    SCHEMABINDING
AS
   SELECT SUM (UnitPrice * Quantity * ( 1.00 - Discount)) AS Revenue, OrderDate, ProductID, COUNT_BIG( * ) AS COUNT
   FROM    dbo. [ Order Details ] od, dbo.Orders o
   WHERE    od.OrderID = o.OrderID
   GROUP BY    OrderDate, ProductID
GO

-- Create index on the view.
CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX IV1 ON V1 (OrderDate, ProductID)
GO

-- This query will use the above indexed view.
SELECT SUM (UnitPrice * Quantity * ( 1.00 - Discount)) AS Rev, OrderDate, ProductID
FROM    dbo. [ Order Details ] od, dbo.Orders o
WHERE    od.OrderID = o.OrderID AND ProductID in ( 2 , 4 , 25 , 13 , 7 , 89 , 22 , 34 )
   AND OrderDate >= ' 05/01/1998 '
GROUP BY OrderDate, ProductID
ORDER BY Rev DESC

-- This query will use the above indexed view.
SELECT   OrderDate, SUM (UnitPrice * Quantity * ( 1.00 - Discount)) AS Rev
FROM    dbo. [ Order Details ] od, dbo.Orders o
WHERE    od.OrderID = o.OrderID AND DATEPART (mm,OrderDate) = 3
   AND DATEPART (yy,OrderDate) = 1998
GROUP BY OrderDate
ORDER BY OrderDate ASC