自定义字母索引的案例

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原创最新推荐文章于 2026-06-01 11:25:11 发布 1.7k 阅读 AI 写同款· GEO 优化 ›

一步一步实现字母索引导航栏作者：伯乐在线专栏作者 - lubootang 链接：http://web.jobbole.com/88889/ 链接：在线DEMO（http://www.luobotang.cn/index-sidebar/），源代码（https://github.com/luobotang/index-sidebar）这个索引导航栏的效果在很多 APP 中都有应用，我也是参考了一些 APP 的... 阅读详情

本案例实现效果：
通讯录的字母索引
主要知识点：
1)自定义View在屏幕上画出字母索引列表
2)ListView适配器通用工具类
3)汉字转换成拼音的工具类
4)索引适配器的使用
IndexSection的使用
里面有两个关键的方法重写方法
//给首字母赋值通过该项的位置获取该分组的索引号
int section = getSectionForPosition(position);
//通过分类列的索引号获取该序列的首个位置
int position_firstone = getPositionForSection(section);
5)Glide的框架加载网络图片的使用
其中的transform方法中的参数也是一个工具类
将长方形的图片转换为圆形图片
但是现在没必要使用了因为fresco框架可以直接转换
//给头像加载网络图片
Glide.with(context).load(list.get(position).getIconUrl())
.placeholder(R.mipmap.ic_stub)
.error(R.mipmap.ic_empty)
.transform(new CircleTransformation(context))

.into(mHolder.imageView_item_icon);

主要的代码

自定义View（画索引列表字母的源码）

public class LetterIndexView extends View {
    //画笔对象
    private Paint mPaint = null;
    //字符串数组 由#和大写字母组成
    private String[] arrLetters = new String[]{
            "#", "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F",
            "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M",
            "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S",
            "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"};
    //选择位置
    private int choosedPosition = -1;
    //每个文字所占的高度
    private int lineHeight = 0;
    //
    private TextView textView_dialog;
    //点击事件
    private OnLetterClickedListener listener = null;
    //构造方法
    public LetterIndexView(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }
       //多参的构造方法
      /*
       *参数一是上下文环境  参数二是属性集
       */
    public LetterIndexView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        //初始化画笔对象
        mPaint = new Paint();
        //设置清除毛边
        mPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);

        //画笔设置文字的大小
        float density = getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
         //设置字体大小为多14dp
        mPaint.setTextSize(14 * density);
        //获取当前屏幕的高度和宽度
        int viewHeight = getHeight();
        int viewWidth = getWidth();
        //获取每个元素的高
        lineHeight = viewHeight / arrLetters.length;
        //遍历每个要绘制的字母
        for (int i = 0; i < arrLetters.length; i++) {
            if (choosedPosition == i) {
                mPaint.setColor(Color.RED);
            } else {
                mPaint.setColor(Color.GRAY);
            }
            //每个字母的宽度
            int textWidth = (int) mPaint.measureText(arrLetters[i]);
            /*
             *第一个参数要绘制的是什么文字
             * 第二个参数在宽度上从什么位置开始绘制
             * 第三个参数是从高度上从什么位置开始绘制
             * 第四个参数是画笔
             */
            canvas.drawText(arrLetters[i], (viewWidth - textWidth) / 2,
                    lineHeight * (i + 1),
                    mPaint);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        //获取触摸事件的纵坐标位置
        float y = event.getY();
        //获取当前触摸的是第几个文字
        int position = (int) (y / lineHeight);
        //如果触摸的位置在所绘制的文字范围之内的话
        if (position >= 0 && position < arrLetters.length) {
            switch (event.getAction()) {
                //手指离开屏幕
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                    //设置背景颜色为透明
                    setBackgroundColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
                    //设置文本的对话框消失不可见
                    if (textView_dialog != null && textView_dialog.getVisibility() == View
                            .VISIBLE) {
                        textView_dialog.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    }
                    //擦除当前View，重新绘制重新调用onDraw()方法
                    invalidate();
                    break;
                default:
                    setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#cccccc"));
                    if (textView_dialog != null) {
                        textView_dialog.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                        textView_dialog.setText(arrLetters[position]);
                    }
                    //接口回调
                    if (listener != null) {
                        listener.onLetterClicked(arrLetters[position]);
                    }

                    choosedPosition = position;
                    //擦除当前view,重新绘制
                    invalidate();//之所以要重新绘制是因为在触摸字母之后字母的颜色会发生改变 上面那个同理
                    break;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    // 设置内部监听器接口
    public interface OnLetterClickedListener {
        void onLetterClicked(String letter);
    }
    /*
     *初始化内部监听器窗口的方法
     * 并且在本方法中还初始化了textview对话框
     */
    public void setOnLetterClickedListener(TextView textView_dialog, OnLetterClickedListener
            listener) {
        this.listener = listener;
        this.textView_dialog = textView_dialog;
    }
}

2）汉字转换拼音的源码

 

/**
 * Java汉字转换为拼音
 */
public class ChineseToPinyinHelper {
	private static int[] pyvalue = new int[] { -20319, -20317, -20304, -20295,
			-20292, -20283, -20265, -20257, -20242, -20230, -20051, -20036,
			-20032, -20026, -20002, -19990, -19986, -19982, -19976, -19805,
			-19784, -19775, -19774, -19763, -19756, -19751, -19746, -19741,
			-19739, -19728, -19725, -19715, -19540, -19531, -19525, -19515,
			-19500, -19484, -19479, -19467, -19289, -19288, -19281, -19275,
			-19270, -19263, -19261, -19249, -19243, -19242, -19238, -19235,
			-19227, -19224, -19218, -19212, -19038, -19023, -19018, -19006,
			-19003, -18996, -18977, -18961, -18952, -18783, -18774, -18773,
			-18763, -18756, -18741, -18735, -18731, -18722, -18710, -18697,
			-18696, -18526, -18518, -18501, -18490, -18478, -18463, -18448,
			-18447, -18446, -18239, -18237, -18231, -18220, -18211, -18201,
			-18184, -18183, -18181, -18012, -17997, -17988, -17970, -17964,
			-17961, -17950, -17947, -17931, -17928, -17922, -17759, -17752,
			-17733, -17730, -17721, -17703, -17701, -17697, -17692, -17683,
			-17676, -17496, -17487, -17482, -17468, -17454, -17433, -17427,
			-17417, -17202, -17185, -16983, -16970, -16942, -16915, -16733,
			-16708, -16706, -16689, -16664, -16657, -16647, -16474, -16470,
			-16465, -16459, -16452, -16448, -16433, -16429, -16427, -16423,
			-16419, -16412, -16407, -16403, -16401, -16393, -16220, -16216,
			-16212, -16205, -16202, -16187, -16180, -16171, -16169, -16158,
			-16155, -15959, -15958, -15944, -15933, -15920, -15915, -15903,
			-15889, -15878, -15707, -15701, -15681, -15667, -15661, -15659,
			-15652, -15640, -15631, -15625, -15454, -15448, -15436, -15435,
			-15419, -15416, -15408, -15394, -15385, -15377, -15375, -15369,
			-15363, -15362, -15183, -15180, -15165, -15158, -15153, -15150,
			-15149, -15144, -15143, -15141, -15140, -15139, -15128, -15121,
			-15119, -15117, -15110, -15109, -14941, -14937, -14933, -14930,
			-14929, -14928, -14926, -14922, -14921, -14914, -14908, -14902,
			-14894, -14889, -14882, -14873, -14871, -14857, -14678, -14674,
			-14670, -14668, -14663, -14654, -14645, -14630, -14594, -14429,
			-14407, -14399, -14384, -14379, -14368, -14355, -14353, -14345,
			-14170, -14159, -14151, -14149, -14145, -14140, -14137, -14135,
			-14125, -14123, -14122, -14112, -14109, -14099, -14097, -14094,
			-14092, -14090, -14087, -14083, -13917, -13914, -13910, -13907,
			-13906, -13905, -13896, -13894, -13878, -13870, -13859, -13847,
			-13831, -13658, -13611, -13601, -13406, -13404, -13400, -13398,
			-13395, -13391, -13387, -13383, -13367, -13359, -13356, -13343,
			-13340, -13329, -13326, -13318, -13147, -13138, -13120, -13107,
			-13096, -13095, -13091, -13076, -13068, -13063, -13060, -12888,
			-12875, -12871, -12860, -12858, -12852, -12849, -12838, -12831,
			-12829, -12812, -12802, -12607, -12597, -12594, -12585, -12556,
			-12359, -12346, -12320, -12300, -12120, -12099, -12089, -12074,
			-12067, -12058, -12039, -11867, -11861, -11847, -11831, -11798,
			-11781, -11604, -11589, -11536, -11358, -11340, -11339, -11324,
			-11303, -11097, -11077, -11067, -11055, -11052, -11045, -11041,
			-11038, -11024, -11020, -11019, -11018, -11014, -10838, -10832,
			-10815, -10800, -10790, -10780, -10764, -10587, -10544, -10533,
			-10519, -10331, -10329, -10328, -10322, -10315, -10309, -10307,
			-10296, -10281, -10274, -10270, -10262, -10260, -10256, -10254 };
	public static String[] pystr = new String[] { "a", "ai", "an", "ang", "ao",
			"ba", "bai", "ban", "bang", "bao", "bei", "ben", "beng", "bi",
			"bian", "biao", "bie", "bin", "bing", "bo", "bu", "ca", "cai",
			"can", "cang", "cao", "ce", "ceng", "cha", "chai", "chan", "chang",
			"chao", "che", "chen", "cheng", "chi", "chong", "chou", "chu",
			"chuai", "chuan", "chuang", "chui", "chun", "chuo", "ci", "cong",
			"cou", "cu", "cuan", "cui", "cun", "cuo", "da", "dai", "dan",
			"dang", "dao", "de", "deng", "di", "dian", "diao", "die", "ding",
			"diu", "dong", "dou", "du", "duan", "dui", "dun", "duo", "e", "en",
			"er", "fa", "fan", "fang", "fei", "fen", "feng", "fo", "fou", "fu",
			"ga", "gai", "gan", "gang", "gao", "ge", "gei", "gen", "geng",
			"gong", "gou", "gu", "gua", "guai", "guan", "guang", "gui", "gun",
			"guo", "ha", "hai", "han", "hang", "hao", "he", "hei", "hen",
			"heng", "hong", "hou", "hu", "hua", "huai", "huan", "huang", "hui",
			"hun", "huo", "ji", "jia", "jian", "jiang", "jiao", "jie", "jin",
			"jing", "jiong", "jiu", "ju", "juan", "jue", "jun", "ka", "kai",
			"kan", "kang", "kao", "ke", "ken", "keng", "kong", "kou", "ku",
			"kua", "kuai", "kuan", "kuang", "kui", "kun", "kuo", "la", "lai",
			"lan", "lang", "lao", "le", "lei", "leng", "li", "lia", "lian",
			"liang", "liao", "lie", "lin", "ling", "liu", "long", "lou", "lu",
			"lv", "luan", "lue", "lun", "luo", "ma", "mai", "man", "mang",
			"mao", "me", "mei", "men", "meng", "mi", "mian", "miao", "mie",
			"min", "ming", "miu", "mo", "mou", "mu", "na", "nai", "nan",
			"nang", "nao", "ne", "nei", "nen", "neng", "ni", "nian", "niang",
			"niao", "nie", "nin", "ning", "niu", "nong", "nu", "nv", "nuan",
			"nue", "nuo", "o", "ou", "pa", "pai", "pan", "pang", "pao", "pei",
			"pen", "peng", "pi", "pian", "piao", "pie", "pin", "ping", "po",
			"pu", "qi", "qia", "qian", "qiang", "qiao", "qie", "qin", "qing",
			"qiong", "qiu", "qu", "quan", "que", "qun", "ran", "rang", "rao",
			"re", "ren", "reng", "ri", "rong", "rou", "ru", "ruan", "rui",
			"run", "ruo", "sa", "sai", "san", "sang", "sao", "se", "sen",
			"seng", "sha", "shai", "shan", "shang", "shao", "she", "shen",
			"sheng", "shi", "shou", "shu", "shua", "shuai", "shuan", "shuang",
			"shui", "shun", "shuo", "si", "song", "sou", "su", "suan", "sui",
			"sun", "suo", "ta", "tai", "tan", "tang", "tao", "te", "teng",
			"ti", "tian", "tiao", "tie", "ting", "tong", "tou", "tu", "tuan",
			"tui", "tun", "tuo", "wa", "wai", "wan", "wang", "wei", "wen",
			"weng", "wo", "wu", "xi", "xia", "xian", "xiang", "xiao", "xie",
			"xin", "xing", "xiong", "xiu", "xu", "xuan", "xue", "xun", "ya",
			"yan", "yang", "yao", "ye", "yi", "yin", "ying", "yo", "yong",
			"you", "yu", "yuan", "yue", "yun", "za", "zai", "zan", "zang",
			"zao", "ze", "zei", "zen", "zeng", "zha", "zhai", "zhan", "zhang",
			"zhao", "zhe", "zhen", "zheng", "zhi", "zhong", "zhou", "zhu",
			"zhua", "zhuai", "zhuan", "zhuang", "zhui", "zhun", "zhuo", "zi",
			"zong", "zou", "zu", "zuan", "zui", "zun", "zuo" };
	private StringBuilder buffer;
	private String resource;
	private static ChineseToPinyinHelper characterParser = new ChineseToPinyinHelper();

	public static ChineseToPinyinHelper getInstance() {
		return characterParser;
	}

	public String getResource() {
		return resource;
	}

	public void setResource(String resource) {
		this.resource = resource;
	}

	/** * 汉字转成ASCII码 * * @param chs * @return */
	private int getChsAscii(String chs) {
		int asc = 0;
		try {
			byte[] bytes = chs.getBytes("gb2312");
			if (bytes == null || bytes.length > 2 || bytes.length <= 0) {
				throw new RuntimeException("illegal resource string");
			}
			if (bytes.length == 1) {
				asc = bytes[0];
			}
			if (bytes.length == 2) {
				int hightByte = 256 + bytes[0];
				int lowByte = 256 + bytes[1];
				asc = (256 * hightByte + lowByte) - 256 * 256;
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out
					.println("ERROR:ChineseSpelling.class-getChsAscii(String chs)"
							+ e);
		}
		return asc;
	}

	/** * 单字解析 * * @param str * @return */
	public String convert(String str) {
		String result = null;
		int ascii = getChsAscii(str);
		if (ascii > 0 && ascii < 160) {
			result = String.valueOf((char) ascii);
		} else {
			for (int i = (pyvalue.length - 1); i >= 0; i--) {
				if (pyvalue[i] <= ascii) {
					result = pystr[i];
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	/** * 词组解析 * * @param chs * @return */
	public String getPinyin(String chs) {
		String key, value;
		buffer = new StringBuilder();
		for (int i = 0; i < chs.length(); i++) {
			key = chs.substring(i, i + 1);
			if (key.getBytes().length >= 2) {
				value = (String) convert(key);
				if (value == null) {
					value = "unknown";
				}
			} else {
				value = key;
			}
			buffer.append(value);
		}
		return buffer.toString();
	}

	public String getSpelling() {
		return this.getPinyin(this.getResource());
	}

}

封装的适配器工具类

public abstract class BaseAdapterHelper<T> extends BaseAdapter {
    //上下文环境
    private Context context = null;
    //数据源集合
    private List<T> list = null;
    //布局填充器
    private LayoutInflater inflater = null;

    public BaseAdapterHelper(Context context, List<T> list) {
        this.context = context;
        this.list = list;
        inflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
    }
    /*
     *数据源的个数
     */
    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return list.size();
    }
    /*
     *返回当前绘制的item
     */
    @Override
    public T getItem(int position) {
        return list.get(position);
    }
   /*
    *返回当前绘制的view在id
    */
    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }
    //重新加载其他数据
    /*
     *参数一 需要加载的新的数据
     * 参数二是是否清楚原有的数据 true代表清除 false代表不清除
     */
    public void reloadListView(List<T> data, boolean isClear) {
        if (isClear) {
            list.clear();
        }
        list.addAll(data);
        //刷新数据源
        notifyDataSetChanged();
    }
    //清空所有数据
    public void clearAll() {
        list.clear();
        notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    //根据list的position删除单条数据
    public void removeItem(int position) {
        list.remove(position);
        notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    //删除多条数据
    public void removeItems(List<T> _list) {
        list.removeAll(_list);
        //数据源改变刷新当前listView
        notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    //绘制当前view
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        return getItemView(position, convertView, parent, list, inflater);
    }

    public abstract View getItemView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent, List<T>
            list, LayoutInflater inflater);