Spring+SpringMVC+Mybatis 整合入门

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-31 15:41:15 发布

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文章标签：

#spring #mybatis

本文详细介绍了如何在Spring MVC框架下整合MyBatis，包括配置Spring、Spring MVC和MyBatis，以及实现数据库操作的具体步骤。通过示例代码展示了如何配置监听器、前端控制器、事务管理、注解驱动等，最终实现账户信息的查询和保存。

文章目录

整体结构
结构图
Spring 整合SpringMVC
- web.xml
- SpringMvc.xml
Spring整合Mybatis
- applicationContext.xml
- 代理接口的配置accountDaoimpl.xml
其余代码
附上spring约束
- spring约束
- SpringMVC约束
Maven 依赖

整体结构

在这里插入图片描述

结构图

在这里插入图片描述

Spring 整合SpringMVC

整合SpringMVC我们需要将Spring的配置文件加载到服务器中（配置Spring ioc容器）。
我们可以使用Spring的ContextLoaderListener 监听器去监听ServletContext的生命周期。

 <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
 </listener>

在启动服务器时监听ServletContext的创建，在这时载入Spring的配置文件，这样就整合成功了。但是有个细节。ContextLoaderListener 默认加载只加载WEB-INF目录下的的applicationContext.xml文件,所以我们Spring的配置文件的名称要设置为applicationContext.xml，但是在一般情况下我们的配置文件都会在resouces下面也就是服务器中WEB-INF/classes下面。所以我们需要配置文件路径：

 <context-param>
     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
     <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
 </context-param>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
<!-- 配置spring的ContextLoaderListener监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!--    设置配置文件路径-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!--    配置前端控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--        加载springmvc配置文件 -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--        启动服务器就创建该servlet-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!--    解决中文乱码的过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

SpringMvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--    注解扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com">
        <!--        只扫描的注解-->
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!--    过滤的静态资源-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/" location="/js/**"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/" location="/css/**"></mvc:resources>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/imgs/" location="/imgs/**"></mvc:resources>
    <!--配置视图解析器对象-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--    开启注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

Spring整合Mybatis

我们将Mybatis的配置集成的Spring的配置文件里。这种方式是最方便的！

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!--开启注解的扫描，只希望扫描service和dao，controller不需要-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com">
        <!--        配置哪些注解不扫描-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!--    spring 整合Mybatis框架-->
    <!--    引入外部jdbc配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
    <!--    配置数据库连接池-->

    <bean class="org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource" id="dataSource">
        <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>
    <!--   配置 SqlSessionFactory 工厂-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" id="sqlSessionFactory">
        <!-- 指定数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <!-- 自动扫描mapping.xml文件，**表示迭代查找 ,,也可在mybatis-config.xml中单独指定xml文件 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mybatis/**/*.xml"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置mybatis扫描所在的包-->
    <!-- 自动扫描com/dao下的所有dao接口，并实现这些接口，可直接在程序中使用dao接口，不用再获取sqlsession对象 -->
    <bean id="mapperScannerConfigurer" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--        basePackage 属性是映射器接口文件的包路径。
                    你可以使用分号或逗号 作为分隔符设置多于一个的包路径-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.dao"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--
    Spring 中基于xml的声明式事务控制配置步骤
        1、配置事务管理器  DataSourceTransactionManager
        2、配置事务的通知
                此时我们需要导入事务的约束 tx名称空间和约束，同时也需要aop的
                使用tx:advice 标签配置事务通知
                    属性：
                        id：给事务通知起一个唯一标志
                        transaction-manager：给事务通知提供一个事务管理器引用
        3、配置AOP中的通用切入点表达式
        4、建立切入点表达式与事务通知的对应关系
        5、配置事务的属性
                是在事务的通知tx:advice 标签内部配 <tx:attributes>
                配置事务的属性
                    isolation:用于指定事务的隔离级别，默认值是DEFAULT，表示使用数据库的默认隔离级别。
                    propagation：用于指定事务的传播行为，默认值是REQUIRED，表示一定有事务，增删改的选择。查询方法可以使用SUPPORTS
                    read-only：用于指定事务是否只读。只有查询方法才设置为true，默认值为false，表示读写。
                    timeout：用于指定事务的超时时间，默认值为-1，表示永不超时。如果设置了指定值，以秒为单位。
                    rollback-for：用于指定一个异常，当产生该异常时，事务回滚，如果产生其他异常，事务不回滚。没有默认值。表示任何异常都回滚。
                    no-rollback-for：用于指定一个异常，当产生该异常时，事务不回滚，产生其他异常时事务回滚。没有默认值。表示任何异常都回滚。
        

    -->
    <!--    配置事务管理器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" id="transactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--    配置事务的通知-->
    <tx:advice transaction-manager="transactionManager" id="txAdvice">

        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" propagation="SUPPORTS"/>
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!--    配置AOP-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--        配置切入点表达式-->
        <aop:pointcut id="pt1" expression="execution(* com.servcie.impl.*.*(..))"></aop:pointcut>
        <!--        建立切入点表达式与事务通知的对应关系-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt1"></aop:advisor>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

代理接口的配置accountDaoimpl.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dao.AccountDao">
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.domain.Account">
       select *from account;
   </select>
    <insert id="saveAccount" parameterType="com.domain.Account">
        insert into account (name,money) values(#{name},#{money});
    </insert>
</mapper>

其余代码

表现层

package com.controller;

import com.domain.Account;
import com.servcie.AccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户表现层
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/account")
public class AccountController {

    @Resource(name = "accountService") // @Autowired
    private AccountService accountService;

    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public String findAll(Model model) {
        System.out.println("表现层：查询所有账户");
        final List<Account> accounts = accountService.findAll();
//        System.out.println(accounts);
        model.addAttribute("accounts", accounts);
        return "list";
    }

    @RequestMapping("saveAccount")
    public String saveAccount(Account account, Model model) {
        accountService.saveAccount(account);
        final List<Account> accounts = accountService.findAll();
        model.addAttribute("accounts", accounts);
        return "list";
    }

}

业务层

package com.servcie.impl;

import com.dao.AccountDao;
import com.domain.Account;
import com.servcie.AccountService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceimpl implements AccountService {

    @Autowired
    private AccountDao accountDao;
    @Override
    public List<Account> findAll() {
        System.out.println("业务层：查询所有账户信息");
        final List<Account> all = accountDao.findAll();
        return all;
    }

    @Override
    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        System.out.println("业务层：保存账户");
        accountDao.saveAccount(account);
    }
}

持久层

package com.dao;

import com.domain.Account;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 账户的dao接口
 */
@Repository
public interface AccountDao {
    //查询所有账户
//    @Select("select *from Account")
   List<Account> findAll();
    //保存账户
//    @Insert("insert into account (name,money) values(#{name},#{money})")
   void saveAccount(Account account);
}

domain

package com.domain;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Account implements Serializable {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Double money;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Double money) {
        this.money = money;
    }
}

查询效果展示

在这里插入图片描述

附上spring约束

spring约束

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!--开启注解的扫描，只希望扫描service和dao，controller不需要-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com">
        <!--        配置哪些注解不扫描-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

</beans>

SpringMVC约束

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--    注解扫描的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com">
        <!--        只扫描的注解-->
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!--    开启注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>


</beans>

Maven 依赖

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 整合Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>