用来显示或操纵linux主机的路由,网络设备,侧罗路由和隧道,是Linux下较新的功能强大的网络配置工具
语法:
ip (选项) (参数)
选项:
-V :显示指令版本信息
-s :输出更详细的信息
-f : 强制使用指定的协议族
-4 : 指定使用的网络层协议是IPv4协议
-6 : 指定使用的网络层协议是IPv6协议
-0 :输出信息每天记录输出一行,即使内容较多也不换行显示
-r : 显示主机时,不适用IP地址,而使用主机的域名
参数:
网络对象:指定要管理的网络对象
具体操作:对指定的网络对象完成具体操作
help:帮助信息
实例:
用ip命令显示网络设备的运行状态
[root@localhost ~]# ip link list
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:3e:c4:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN mode DEFAULT
link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 500
link/ether 52:54:00:e6:c9:b1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
显示更加详细的设备信息
[root@localhost ~]# ip -s link list
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
340 4 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
340 4 0 0 0 0
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:3e:c4:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
319813 4407 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
215021 972 0 0 0 0
3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN mode DEFAULT
link/ether 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
0 0 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
0 0 0 0 0 0
4: virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN mode DEFAULT qlen 500
link/ether 52:54:00:e6:c9:b1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
0 0 0 0 0 0
TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
0 0 0 0 0 0
显示核心路由表
[root@localhost ~]# ip route list
default via 192.168.0.1 dev eno16777736 proto static metric 100
192.168.0.0/24 dev eno16777736 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.109 metric 100
192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.1
显示邻居表
[root@localhost ~]# ip neigh list
192.168.0.103 dev eno16777736 lladdr 3c:46:d8:3a:74:03 REACHABLE
192.168.0.1 dev eno16777736 lladdr 80:89:17:95:2e:28 STALE