手动搭建spring+springMVC+hibernate框架

最新推荐文章于 2020-06-10 18:46:11 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2020-06-10 18:46:11 发布 · 191 阅读

0 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

spring 专栏收录该内容

24 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文详细介绍了如何从零开始搭建Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate框架，包括项目结构设计、配置文件详解、代码实现及常见问题解决，帮助读者快速掌握并实践该框架的搭建过程。

鉴于公司目前用的是spring+springMVC+hibernate所以先搭个类似框架。

1.首先新建一个项目大概的结构如下：我就不解释具体的分层了：

相关的jar包可能有些是多余的，刚开始各种jar包缺失

2.第二步骤就是开始配置相关的配置文件：比如web.xml,还有上图中的两个xml文件。
(1)web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

<display-name>LdyBase</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

  
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>


<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:config/springMvc.xml</param-value> 
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>

<param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>false</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>

<param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<filter>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

(2)springmvc.xml 文件如下（注解扫描，然后就是视图解析器）个人习惯用html所以解析器配置的是html
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/s ... ing-context-3.2.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">


<mvc:annotation-driven />


<context:component-scan base-package="com.ldy.action">
      
      <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>



<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/html/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".html"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

（3）applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


<context:component-scan base-package="com.ldy" />


<bean id="dataSource"
      class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
      <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
      <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ldybase?characterEncoding=UTF-8" />
      <property name="username" value="root" />
      <property name="password" value="123456" />
</bean>


<bean id="sessionFactory"
      class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
      <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
      <property name="annotatedClasses">
         <list>
            <value>com.ldy.model.User</value>
         </list>
      </property>
      <property name="hibernateProperties">
         <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.connection.autocommit">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
         </props>
      </property>
</bean>


<bean id="transactionManager"
      class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
      <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>

3.配置完xml文件就剩简单的代码实现了。
（1）UserAction.java
package com.ldy.action;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import com.ldy.model.User;
import com.ldy.service.UserService;
/**
* 用户action层与前端交互
* @author ldy
*
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserAction {
@Autowired
      private UserService userService;
/**
      * 添加用户数据
      * @param request request
      */
      @RequestMapping(value = "/addUser.do")
      public String addUser(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
        //获取用户信息
         try {
            String name = request.getParameter("name");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
int age = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("age"));
System.out.println(name+" "+password+" "+age);
         User user=new User();
         user.setName(name);
         user.setAge(age);
         user.setPassword(password);
            userService.addUser(user);
            return "/success";
         } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return "/error";
         }
      }
}

（2）UserService.java和UserServiceImpl.java写一起了
package com.ldy.service;
import com.ldy.model.User;
/**
* 用户逻辑处理接口层
* @author ldy
*/
public interface UserService {

public void addUser(User user);

}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
package com.ldy.service.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import com.ldy.dao.UserDao;
import com.ldy.model.User;
import com.ldy.service.UserService;

/**
* 用户逻辑处理实现层
* @author ldy
*/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
/**
   * 添加用户数据
   * @param user 用户对象
   */
@Transactional
public void addUser(User user){
userDao.addUser(user);
}
}

（3）UserDao.java和UserDaoImpl.java写一起了
package com.ldy.dao;
import com.ldy.model.User;

/**
* 用户数据交互接口层
* @author ldy
*/
public interface UserDao {
public void addUser(User user);
}
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
package com.ldy.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.ldy.dao.UserDao;
import com.ldy.model.User;
/**
* 用户数据交互实现层
* @author ldy
*/
@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
//注入已在applicationContext.xml中配制好的sessionFactory
@Resource(name = "sessionFactory")
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
/**
   * 添加用户数据
   * @param user 用户对象
   */
public void addUser(User user){
sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);
}
/**
   * 数据检索
   * @return user 用户对象集合（预留）
   */
public List<User> getUsers(){
String hql="from user";
         Query query=sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
         return query.list();
}
}

（4）User.java这个就是数据库对应的实体类了。我这边没有配置数据库映射文件hbm.xml 因为我直接在实体类上用注解去和数据库对应上，感觉这样比较省事。然后我user表的id是varchar类型的是系统产生的32位的uuid
package com.ldy.model;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
/**
* 用户实体类
* @author ldy
*
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User {
@Id
@Column(name = "id")
@GeneratedValue(generator = "system-uuid")
@GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid", strategy = "uuid")
private String id ;

@Column(name = "name")
private String name;

@Column(name = "password")
private String password;

@Column(name = "age")
private int age;

public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}


}

4.html页面。
html页面：
1.addUser.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>添加用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/LdyBase/user/addUser.do" method="post">
用户 <input type="text" name="name"/><br/>
密码 <input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
年龄 <input type="text" name="age"/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>

2.error.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>注册失败</title>
</head>
<body>
失败了阿，朋友！
</body>
</html>

3.success.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
终于success了。
</body>
</html>

至此这个spring+pringmvc+hibernate框架就算搭建成功了。

以前一直用公司的框架直接开发这次搭建遇到了各种问题有的小问题没记，记了几个主要的。学习了。

问题1：java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/LdyBase]]
答：这个问题简单，方法重新构建路径选择合适的jdk。jar包缺失

问题2：Could not autowire field: private com.ldy.service.UserService com.ldy.action.UserAction.userService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.CannotLoadBeanClassException: Cannot find class [com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource] for bean with name ‘dataSource’ defined in class path resource [config/applicationContext.xml]; nested exception is java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource
缺失c3p0的jar包,主要的时间都在找jar包，然后找到了一个网站可以去找找，不能说都有，但是大部分有。
附上链接酷派网
问题3：sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user); 代码执行都没有任何问题，但是数据库没有保存成功。
解决思路：1.这个时候还是要捕捉下异常，然后打印问题。
2.配置SessionFactory 时设置自动提交 <prop key="hibernate.connection.autocommit">true</prop>
3.Service层中是否在调用DAO层中的save()方法之前添加注解@Transactional,又涉及到操作数据库的都要加上这个注解

搭的有点简单因为只是说想看看自己搭个spring+pringmvc+hibernate框架会是怎么样的心态所以只要能实现数据插入就行了。下午看看在搭个spring+pringmvc+mybatis的框架。