spring---spring-web---学习记录

于 2021-05-18 19:22:52 发布
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本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/xiaoping__/article/details/116998743
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文章目录


在web项目中使用spring，完成学生注册功能

实现步骤

1.创建maven，web项目
2.加入依赖
3.写入代码及配置文件
4.创建一个jsp发起请求
5.创建servlet，接受请求参数，调用Service，调用dao完成注册
6.创建一个jsp作为显示结果页面

加入依赖

<dependencies>
    <!--单元测试-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring核心ioc-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--做spring事务遇到的-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mybatis依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.5.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mybatis和spring集成的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mysql驱动-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--阿里公司的数据库连接池-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.12</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--servlet依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--jsp依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.1-b03</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--为了使用监听器对象，加入依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

实体类

Student.java

package com.node.domain;

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    private Integer age;

    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(Integer id, String name, String email, Integer age) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.email = email;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

Dao

StudentDao.java

package com.node.dao;

import com.node.domain.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentDao {

    int insertStudent(Student student);
    List<Student> selectStudents();
}

StudentDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.node.dao.StudentDao">

    <insert id="insertStudent">
        insert into student value(#{id},#{name},#{email},#{age})
    </insert>

    <select id="selectStudents" resultType="com.node.domain.Student">
        select id,name,email,age from student order by id desc
    </select>
</mapper>

Service

StudentService.java

package com.node.service;

import com.node.domain.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentService {

    int addStudent(Student student);

    List<Student> queryStudent();

}

StudentServiceImpl.java

package com.node.service.impl;

import com.node.dao.StudentDao;
import com.node.domain.Student;
import com.node.service.StudentService;

import java.util.List;

public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
    //引用类型
    private StudentDao studentDao;

    //使用set注入，赋值
    public void setStudentDao(StudentDao studentDao) {
        this.studentDao = studentDao;
    }

    @Override
    public int addStudent(Student student) {
        int nums=studentDao.insertStudent(student);
        return nums;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Student> queryStudent() {
        List<Student> students=studentDao.selectStudents();
        return students;
    }
}

配置文件

mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC
        "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!-- 参数设置 -->
    <settings>
        <!--加载日志-->
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>
    <!-- 映射文件，存放sql语句的配置文件 -->
    <mappers>
        <!--name是包名，这个包中的所有mapper.xml一次都能加载-->
        <package name="com.node.dao"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    
    <bean id="myDataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
          init-method="init" destroy-method="close">

        <!--set注入给DruidDataSource提供连接数据库信息-->
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.name}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.max}"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--set注入，把数据库连接池赋给了dataSource属性-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource" />
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml" />
    </bean>
    
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--指定SqlSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
       <property name="basePackage" value="com.node.dao" />
    </bean>

    <!--声明service-->
    <bean id="studentService" class="com.node.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl">
        <property name="studentDao" ref="studentDao" />
    </bean>

</beans>

创建jsp页面

index.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: xiaoping
  Date: 2021/5/16
  Time: 16:35
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <p>注册学生</p>
    <form action="reg" method="post">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>id</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="id"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>姓名:</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="name"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>email:</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="email"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>年龄</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="age"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td><input type="submit" value="注册学生"></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述

创建servlet

RegisterServlet.java

package com.node.controller;

import com.node.domain.Student;
import com.node.service.StudentService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        String strId=request.getParameter("id");
        String strName=request.getParameter("name");
        String strEmail=request.getParameter("email");
        String strAge=request.getParameter("age");

        //创建spring的容器对象
        //String config= "spring.xml";
        //ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config");

        WebApplicationContext ctx=null;
        //使用框架中的方法，获取容器对象
        ServletContext sc=getServletContext();
        ctx= WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(sc);
        System.out.println("容器对象信息======"+ctx);

        //获取service
        StudentService service= (StudentService) ctx.getBean("studentService");
        Student student=new Student();
        student.setId(Integer.parseInt(strId));
        student.setName(strName);
        student.setEmail(strEmail);
        student.setAge(Integer.parseInt(strAge));
        service.addStudent(student);

        request.getRequestDispatcher("/result.jsp").forward(request,response);

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }
}

配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.node.controller.RegisterServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>RegisterServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/reg</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--注册监听器 ContextLoaderListener
        监听器被创建对象后，会读取/WEB-INF/spring.xml
        为什么要读取文件：因为在监听器中要创建ApplicationContext对象，需要加载配置文件。
        /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml就是监听器默认读取的spring配置文件路径

        可以更改默认的文件位置，使用context-param重新指定文件的位置
    -->
    <context-param>
        <!--contextConfigLocation : 表示配置文件的路径-->
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <!--自定义配置文件的路径-->
        <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!--注册监听器ContextLoaderListener-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

</web-app>

创建结果jsp

result.jsp

<%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: xiaoping
  Date: 2021/5/16
  Time: 16:52
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
result.jsp 注册成功
</body>
</html>

在这里插入图片描述
数据成功插入到数据库表中。

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