ubuntu14.04安装tomcat8

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本文详细介绍了如何部署和管理Tomcat服务器，包括下载、安装、启动、自动启动、权限设置、配置管理用户、Nginx反向代理、缓存策略等关键步骤。

1、http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi 下载Tomcat
2、将apache-tomcat-8.0.9.tar.gz解压到 /usr/local 目录下:


cd /home/jzk/Downloads
sudo tar zxvf apache-tomcat-8.0.9.tar.gz -C /usr/local
cd /usr/local
sudo mv apache-tomcat-8.0.9/ tomcat8

3、启动
touch: cannot touch `/usr/local/tomcat8/logs/catalina.out': Permission denied
./catalina.sh: 385: ./catalina.sh: cannot create /usr/local/tomcat8/logs/catalina.out: Permission denied


cd /usr/local/tomcat8
sudo chmod 777 -R logs
sudo chmod 777 -R conf
sudo chmod 777 -R work

netstat -tln|grep 8080

4、自动启动


sudo touch /etc/init.d/tomcat8

加入如下内容


#!/bin/sh
#tomcat auto-start

case $1 in
start)
 sh /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/startup.sh
 ;;
stop)
 sh /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/shutdown.sh
 ;;
restart)
 sh /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/shutdown.sh
 sh /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/startup.sh
 ;;
*)
 echo 'Usage:tomcat8 start|stop|restart'
 ;;
esac
exit 0

设置可执行权限并加入服务


sudo chmod 777 tomcat8
sudo update-rc.d tomcat8 defaults

5、管理Tomcat
修改tomcat-user.xml文件，添加如下行：


<role rolename="manager-gui"/>
<role rolename="admin-gui"/>
<user username="tomcat" password="tomcat" roles="manager-gui,admin-gui"/>

重启tomcat

6、nginx反向代理tomcat
www.ubuntu-jzk-135.com需要在/etc/hosts里面进行配置


server {
    listen    80;
    server_name www.ubuntu-jzk-135.com;
    location / {
      #root  html;
      #index index.html index.htm;
      proxy_pass http://192.168.36.135:8080/;
    }

    error_page  500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
      root  html;
    }
  }

通过http://www.ubuntu-jzk-135.com/
如果在location /tomcat
则需要通过http://www.ubuntu-jzk-135.com/tomcat/ 访问

7、缓存


sudo mkdir -pv /home/nginx/cache

sudo vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

  proxy_cache_path /home/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=first:10m inactive=24h max_size=1G; 
  #新建缓存路径与相关属性
  upstream backend-tomcat { 
  #建立后端tomcat服务器
  server 192.168.36.135:8080 weight=1;
  }
  server {
    listen    80;
    server_name www.ubuntu-jzk-135.com;
    #charset koi8-r;
    #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
    location / {
      #root  html;
      #index index.html index.htm;
      proxy_pass http://backend-tomcat/; #启动后端服务器
    }
  location ~* "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|html|css|js)$" { #缓存图片与静态内容
    proxy_pass http://backend-tomcat;
    proxy_cache first;
    proxy_cache_valid 200 24h; #200状态缓存24小时
    proxy_cache_valid 302 10m; #302状态缓存10分钟
    add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status; 
    #在http头部增加一个字段显示是否命令缓存
  }
    #error_page 404       /404.html;
    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page  500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
      root  html;
    }
  }