poj1077 /hdoj 1043 Eight

这道题用启发式搜索，我在北大网站上可以过，杭电网站上超时，看来杭电的数据有点变态了。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <set>
#include <queue>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;

int target_pos[10][2];

char buf[100];

struct state
{
	int pos_i, pos_j;
	unsigned char m[4][4];
	int step;
	int weight;
	char solution[100];
};
priority_queue<struct state> pq;
set<unsigned int> hash_table;

bool operator < (const struct state &a, const struct state &b)
{
	if(a.weight > b.weight)
		return true;
	else if(a.weight < b.weight)
		return false;
	else
	{
		if(a.step > b.step)
			return true;
		else
			return false;
	}
}


unsigned int _hash(const struct state &sta)
{
	unsigned int sum;
	int cifang, i, j;

	cifang = 1;
	sum = 0;
	for(i=1; i<=3; i++)
	for(j=1; j<=3; j++)
	{
		sum += cifang * sta.m[i][j];
		cifang *= 10;
	}

	return sum;
}

void init_target_pos()
{
	target_pos[1][0] = 1;
	target_pos[1][1] = 1;

	target_pos[2][0] = 1;
	target_pos[2][1] = 2;

	target_pos[3][0] = 1;
	target_pos[3][1] = 3;

	target_pos[4][0] = 2;
	target_pos[4][1] = 1;

	target_pos[5][0] = 2;
	target_pos[5][1] = 2;

	target_pos[6][0] = 2;
	target_pos[6][1] = 3;

	target_pos[7][0] = 3;
	target_pos[7][1] = 1;

	target_pos[8][0] = 3;
	target_pos[8][1] = 2;

	target_pos[9][0] = 3;
	target_pos[9][1] = 3;
}

int _abs(int x)
{
	return x>0 ? x : -1*x;
}

void get_weight(struct state &sta)
{
	int i, j;
	int sum;

	sum = 0;
	for(i=1; i<=3; i++)
	for(j=1; j<=3; j++)
	{
		if(sta.m[i][j] <= 8)
		{
			sum += _abs(i-target_pos[sta.m[i][j]][0]);
			sum += _abs(j-target_pos[sta.m[i][j]][1]);
		}
	}

	sta.weight = sum+sta.step;
}

bool find_solution;

void print_arr(const struct state &sta)
{
	int i, j;

	for(i=1; i<=3; i++)
	{
		for(j=1; j<=3; j++)
			printf("%d ", sta.m[i][j]);
		printf("\n");
	}
}

void bfs()
{
	struct state sta, sta_top;
	int hv;

	while(!pq.empty())
	{
		memcpy(&sta_top, &(pq.top()), sizeof(struct state));
		pq.pop();
		//printf("step=%d weight=%d\n", sta_top.step, sta_top.weight);
		//print_arr(sta_top);

		if(_hash(sta_top) == 987654321)
		{
			sta_top.solution[sta_top.step+1] = '\0';
			printf("%s\n", sta_top.solution+1);
			find_solution = true;
			break;
		}

		memcpy(&sta, &sta_top, sizeof(struct state));
		if(sta.pos_i >= 2)
		{
			sta.m[sta.pos_i][sta.pos_j] = sta.m[sta.pos_i-1][sta.pos_j];
			sta.m[sta.pos_i-1][sta.pos_j] = 9;
			hv = _hash(sta);
			if(hash_table.find(hv) == hash_table.end())
			{
				sta.pos_i--;
				sta.step++;
				sta.solution[sta.step] = 'u';
				get_weight(sta);
				hash_table.insert(hv);
				pq.push(sta);
			}
		}

		memcpy(&sta, &sta_top, sizeof(struct state));
		if(sta.pos_i <= 2)
		{
			sta.m[sta.pos_i][sta.pos_j] = sta.m[sta.pos_i+1][sta.pos_j];
			sta.m[sta.pos_i+1][sta.pos_j] = 9;
			hv = _hash(sta);
			if(hash_table.find(hv) == hash_table.end())
			{
				sta.pos_i++;
				sta.step++;
				sta.solution[sta.step] = 'd';
				get_weight(sta);
				hash_table.insert(hv);
				pq.push(sta);
			}
		}

		memcpy(&sta, &sta_top, sizeof(struct state));
		if(sta.pos_j >= 2)
		{
			sta.m[sta.pos_i][sta.pos_j] = sta.m[sta.pos_i][sta.pos_j-1];
			sta.m[sta.pos_i][sta.pos_j-1] = 9;
			hv = _hash(sta);
			if(hash_table.find(hv) == hash_table.end())
			{
				sta.pos_j--;
				sta.step++;
				sta.solution[sta.step] = 'l';
				get_weight(sta);
				hash_table.insert(hv);
				pq.push(sta);
			}
		}

		memcpy(&sta, &sta_top, sizeof(struct state));
		if(sta.pos_j <= 2)
		{
			sta.m[sta.pos_i][sta.pos_j] = sta.m[sta.pos_i][sta.pos_j+1];
			sta.m[sta.pos_i][sta.pos_j+1] = 9;
			hv = _hash(sta);
			if(hash_table.find(hv) == hash_table.end())
			{
				sta.pos_j++;
				sta.step++;
				sta.solution[sta.step] = 'r';
				get_weight(sta);
				hash_table.insert(hv);
				pq.push(sta);
			}
		}
	}
}


void func(struct state &sta)
{
	init_target_pos();
	hash_table.clear();
	while(!pq.empty())
		pq.pop();

	get_weight(sta);
	hash_table.insert(_hash(sta));
	pq.push(sta);

	find_solution = false;
	bfs();
	if(!find_solution)
		printf("unsolvable\n");
}

int main(void)
{
	int i;
	int ii, jj;
	struct state sta;

	//freopen("input.dat", "r", stdin);

	while(gets(buf))
	{
		if(buf[0] == '\0')
			break;

		ii = jj = 1;
		for(i=0; i<=strlen(buf); i++)
		{
			if(buf[i]>='1'&&buf[i]<='8')
			{
				sta.m[ii][jj] = buf[i]-'0';
				jj++;
				if(jj == 4)
				{
					ii++;
					jj = 1;
				}
			}
			else if(buf[i] == 'x')
			{
				sta.m[ii][jj] = 9;
				sta.pos_i = ii;
				sta.pos_j = jj;
				jj++;
				if(jj == 4)
				{
					ii++;
					jj = 1;
				}
			}


		}
		sta.step = 0;
		func(sta);
	}

	return 0;
}