SpringBoot junit 测试异常 initializationError(org.junit.runner.manipulation.Filter)

原创已于 2023-11-14 21:56:53 修改 · 644 阅读

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#SpringBoot #junit #initializationError(org.junit.

于 2018-08-20 23:07:53 首次发布

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本文分析了SpringBoot项目中单元测试出现的异常原因，并给出了具体的解决方案，强调了正确配置主程序类的重要性。

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一、异常浮现

1. 代码

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.SpringBootDB</groupId>
	<artifactId>SpringBootDB</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<name>SpringBootDB</name>

	<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-parent -->
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

Maven src\test\java: com.db.SpringBootDBApplicationTest

package com.db;

import java.sql.Connection;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringBootDBApplicationTest {
	@Autowired
	private ApplicationContext ioc;

    // 运行 junit 测试时, 发生异常
	@Test
	public void main() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("--> ioc=" + ioc);
	}
}

2. 异常信息

java.lang.Exception: No tests found matching [{ExactMatcher:fDisplayName=contextLoads], {ExactMatcher:fDisplayName=contextLoads(com.db.SpringBootDBApplicationTest)], {LeadingIdentifierMatcher:fClassName=com.db.SpringBootDBApplicationTest,fLeadingIdentifier=contextLoads]] from org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest@5fcd892a
	at org.junit.internal.requests.FilterRequest.getRunner(FilterRequest.java:40)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createFilteredTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:77)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:68)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.loadTests(JUnit4TestLoader.java:43)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:444)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

二、解决

因为没有指定主程序类所以导致异常,

主入口类[使用 @SpringBootApplication(org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication) 注解的 Class]
@SpringBootApplication 来标注一个主程序类, 说明这是一个Spring Boot应用;

所以, 添上主程序即可解决异常:

Maven src/main/java: com.db.SpringBootDBApplication

package com.db;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootDBApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringBootDBApplication.class, args);
	}
}