Spring的AOP可以通过对@AspectJ注解的支持和在XML中配置来实现,本文通过实例简述如何在Spring中使用AspectJ.
一:使用AspectJ注解:
1,启用对AspectJ的支持:
通过在Spring的配置中引入下列元素来启用Spring对AspectJ的支持:
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
或者(如果不是使用XSD的话)
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.aspectj.annotation.AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator" />
2,声明一个带有@Aspect注解的类,在这个类中声明那些方法需要被'关注'(利用@Pointcut),在那些时机点进行关注(利用@Before,@AfterReturning等等...),执行'切入'的方法
3,在Spring的配置文件中定义这个'切面'类:任意带有一个@Aspect切面(拥有@Aspect注解)的bean都将被Spring自动识别并用于配置在Spring AOP.
4,使用被Spring管理的bean,在执行被'关注'的方法时,'切入'的方法就会被执行.
一个完整的例子:
需要被'切入'的类:
'切面'类:
配置文件:
使用bean:
运行结果:
二:通过XML配置AspectJ实现AOP:在java类中定义要被'方面'调用的切入方法,在XML中配置.
例子:被'切入'的类,普通java类:
定义要被'方面'调用的切入方法的类:
XML配置:
客户端测试代码:
运行结果:
Spring AOP 只支持对bean的方法级的'切入',而且AOP的内部机制和AspectJ有所区别,Spring主要是通过动态代理来实现AOP,使用JDK的动态代理(如果被代理的bean是interface的话)或者CGLIB(如果如果被代理的bean不是interface的话).
一:使用AspectJ注解:
1,启用对AspectJ的支持:
通过在Spring的配置中引入下列元素来启用Spring对AspectJ的支持:
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
或者(如果不是使用XSD的话)
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.aspectj.annotation.AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator" />
2,声明一个带有@Aspect注解的类,在这个类中声明那些方法需要被'关注'(利用@Pointcut),在那些时机点进行关注(利用@Before,@AfterReturning等等...),执行'切入'的方法
3,在Spring的配置文件中定义这个'切面'类:任意带有一个@Aspect切面(拥有@Aspect注解)的bean都将被Spring自动识别并用于配置在Spring AOP.
4,使用被Spring管理的bean,在执行被'关注'的方法时,'切入'的方法就会被执行.
一个完整的例子:
需要被'切入'的类:
- public class Monkey {
- public void stealPeaches(String name) {
- System.out.println(" Monkey " + name + " is stealling peaches...");
- }
- public void stealCorns(String name) {
- System.out.println(" Monkey " + name + " is stealling corns...");
- }
- }
- @Aspect
- public class Guardian {
- @Pointcut("execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealPeaches(..))")
- public void guardOrchard() {
- }
- @Before(value = "guardOrchard()")
- public void guardOrchardBefore() {
- System.out.println("Guardian spotted a monkey is approaching the orchard...");
- }
- @AfterReturning("guardOrchard() && args(name,..)")
- public void guardOrchardAfter(String name) {
- System.out.println("Guardian caught a monkey stealling peaches whoes name is " + name + "...");
- }
- @Around("guardOrchard() && args(name,..)")
- public void guardOrchardAround(ProceedingJoinPoint joinpoint,String name) {
- System.out.println("Guardian guardOrchardAround started ... " + name);
- try {
- joinpoint.proceed();
- } catch (Throwable e) {
- System.out.println("Guardian guardOrchardAround exception happened ... " + name);
- }
- System.out.println("Guardian guardOrchardAround completed ... " + name);
- }
- @Pointcut("execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealCorns(..))")
- public void guardFarm() {
- }
- @Before(value = "guardFarm()")
- public void guardFarmBefore() {
- System.out.println("Guardian spotted a monkey is approaching the farm...");
- }
- @AfterReturning("guardFarm() && args(name,..)")
- public void guardFarmAfter(String name) {
- System.out.println("Guardian caught a monkey stealling corns whoes name is " + name + "...");
- }
- }
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xsi:schemaLocation="
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
- <!--
- <aop:aspectj-autoproxy /> equals to <bean
- class="org.springframework.aop.aspectj.annotation.AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator"
- />
- -->
- <aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
- <bean id="guardian" class="com.test.spring.aspectj.Guardian" />
- <bean id="monkey" class="com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey" />
- </beans>
- ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/aspectJAppcontext.xml");
- Monkey monkey = (Monkey) context.getBean("monkey");
- try {
- monkey.stealPeaches("mighty monkey");
- monkey.stealCorns("mighty monkey");
- } catch (Exception e) {
- }
- Guardian spotted a monkey is approaching the orchard...
- Guardian guardOrchardAround started ... mighty monkey
- Monkey mighty monkey is stealling peaches...
- Guardian caught a monkey stealling peaches whoes name is mighty monkey...
- Guardian guardOrchardAround completed ... mighty monkey
- Guardian spotted a monkey is approaching the farm...
- Monkey mighty monkey is stealling corns...
- Guardian caught a monkey stealling corns whoes name is mighty monkey...
例子:被'切入'的类,普通java类:
- public class Monkey {
- public void stealPeaches(String name) {
- System.out.println(" Monkey " + name + " is stealling peaches...");
- }
- public void stealCorns(String name,int numberToSteal) {
- System.out.println(" Monkey " + name + " is stealling corns...");
- }
- }
- public class XMLGuardian {
- public void guardOrchardBefore() {
- System.out.println("XMLGuardian spotted a monkey is approaching the orchard...");
- }
- public void guardOrchardAfter() {
- System.out.println("XMLGuardian caught a monkey stealling peaches whoes name is ...");
- }
- public void guardFarmBefore() {
- System.out.println("XMLGuardian spotted a monkey is approaching the farm...");
- }
- public void guardFarmAfter(String name,int num,Object retVal) {
- System.out.println("XMLGuardian caught a monkey stealling " + num + " corns whoes name is ..." + name );
- }
- }
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xsi:schemaLocation="
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
- <bean id="guardian" class="com.test.spring.aspectj.XMLGuardian" />
- <bean id="monkey" class="com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey" />
- <aop:config>
- <aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="guardian">
- <aop:pointcut id="guardOrchard"
- expression="execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealPeaches(..))" />
- <aop:before pointcut-ref="guardOrchard" method="guardOrchardBefore" />
- <aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="guardOrchard" method="guardOrchardAfter"/>
- <aop:pointcut id="guardFarm"
- expression="execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealCorns(..))" />
- <aop:before pointcut-ref="guardFarm" method="guardFarmBefore" />
- <aop:after-returning pointcut="execution(* com.test.spring.aspectj.Monkey.stealCorns(..)) and args(name,num,..)" returning="retVal"
- method="guardFarmAfter" />
- <!-- arg-names="name1" -->
- </aop:aspect>
- </aop:config>
- </beans>
- ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("conf/xmlaspectJAppcontext.xml");
- Monkey monkey = (Monkey) context.getBean("monkey");
- try {
- monkey.stealPeaches("mighty monkey");
- monkey.stealCorns("mighty monkey",3);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- }
- XMLGuardian spotted a monkey is approaching the orchard...
- Monkey mighty monkey is stealling peaches...
- XMLGuardian caught a monkey stealling peaches whoes name is ...
- XMLGuardian spotted a monkey is approaching the farm...
- Monkey mighty monkey is stealling corns...
- XMLGuardian caught a monkey stealling 3 corns whoes name is ...mighty monkey