EntityFramework Core延迟加载(LazyLoad)

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-12 17:33:56 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-09-12 17:33:56 发布 · 6.1k 阅读

1 ·

CC 4.0 BY-SA版权

文章标签：

#EntityFramework Core #LazyLoad

efcore 专栏收录该内容

9 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文介绍了EntityFramework Core中的延迟加载，即惰性加载概念，详细讲解了如何通过Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Proxies、ILazyLoader以及Action<object, string>实现延迟加载。同时，还探讨了如何处理在序列化时可能出现的循环依赖问题，提供了解决方案。" 125031674,13441609,"JavaScript数组方法详解：indexOf, lastIndexOf, join与toString

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

文章目录

1、延迟加载介绍

延迟加载又叫惰性加载（Lazy Loading）：即在需要或者使用的时候加载数据。

此功能是在EF Core 2.1中引入的。

2、使用延迟加载

2.1 使用 Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Proxies

直接重写OnConfiguring方法配置UseLazyLoadingProxies()

protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
    => optionsBuilder
        .UseLazyLoadingProxies()
        .UseSqlServer(myConnectionString);

或者在Configing方法中添加

services.AddDbContext<UserContext>(
    b => b.UseLazyLoadingProxies()
          .UseSqlServer(connectionString));

2.2使用ILazyLoader注入到构造中

定义实体,并构造注入ILazyLoader

public class Blog
{
    private ICollection<Post> _posts;
    public Blog()
    {
    }
    private Blog(ILazyLoader lazyLoader)
    {
        LazyLoader = lazyLoader;
    }
    private ILazyLoader LazyLoader { get; set; }
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public ICollection<Post> Posts
    {
        get => LazyLoader.Load(this, ref _posts);
        set => _posts = value;
    }
}
public class Post
{
    private Blog _blog;
    public Post()
    {
    }
    private Post(ILazyLoader lazyLoader)
    {
        LazyLoader = lazyLoader;
    }
    private ILazyLoader LazyLoader { get; set; }
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Content { get; set; }
    public Blog Blog
    {
        get => LazyLoader.Load(this, ref _blog);
        set => _blog = value;
    }
}

注意：构造注入的方法是私有的，因为ILazyLoader只和EFCore进行耦合。

2.3使用Action<object, string>让上面的ILazyLoader解耦

使用注入委托的方式进行解耦

public class Blog
{
    private ICollection<Post> _posts;
    public Blog()
    {
    }
    private Blog(Action<object, string> lazyLoader)
    {
        LazyLoader = lazyLoader;
    }
    private Action<object, string> LazyLoader { get; set; }
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public ICollection<Post> Posts
    {
        get => LazyLoader.Load(this, ref _posts);
        set => _posts = value;
    }
}
public class Post
{
    private Blog _blog;
    public Post()
    {
    }
    private Post(Action<object, string> lazyLoader)
    {
        LazyLoader = lazyLoader;
    }
    private Action<object, string> LazyLoader { get; set; }
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Content { get; set; }
    public Blog Blog
    {
        get => LazyLoader.Load(this, ref _blog);
        set => _blog = value;
    }
}

扩展Load方法

public static class PocoLoadingExtensions
{
    public static TRelated Load<TRelated>(
        this Action<object, string> loader,
        object entity,
        ref TRelated navigationField,
        [CallerMemberName] string navigationName = null)
        where TRelated : class
    {
        loader?.Invoke(entity, navigationName);

        return navigationField;
    }
}

3、处理序列化时的循环依赖

添加AddJsonOptions

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddMvc()
        .AddJsonOptions(
            options => options.SerializerSettings.ReferenceLoopHandling = Newtonsoft.Json.ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore
        );
}