`require'：没有要加载的文件 - mkmf（LoadError）

本文翻译自：`require': no such file to load — mkmf (LoadError)

I was trying to install rails on Ubuntu Natty Narwhal 11.04, using ruby1.9.1. 我试图使用ruby1.9.1在Ubuntu Natty Narwhal 11.04上安装rails。

I installed ruby using apt-get install ruby1.9.1-full which contains the dev package. 我使用apt-get install ruby1.9.1-full安装了ruby，其中包含dev包。 I googled the error and all have suggested I install the 1.9.1-dev which I already have. 我用Google搜索了错误，所有人都建议我安装我已经拥有的1.9.1-dev。

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing rails:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.8 extconf.rb
extconf.rb:36:in `require': no such file to load -- mkmf (LoadError)
    from extconf.rb:36


Gem files will remain installed in /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out

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#1楼

参考：https://stackoom.com/question/W53G/require-没有要加载的文件-mkmf-LoadError

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#2楼

You can use RVM(Ruby version manager) which helps in managing all versions of ruby on your machine , which is very helpful for you development (when migrating to unstable release to stable release ) 您可以使用RVM（Ruby版本管理器）来帮助您管理计算机上所有版本的ruby，这对您的开发非常有用（迁移到不稳定版本到稳定版本时）

or for Linux (ubuntu) go for sudo apt-get install ruby1.8-dev 或者对于Linux（ubuntu）去sudo apt-get install ruby1.8-dev

then sudo gem install rails to verify it do rails -v it will show version on rails 然后sudo gem install rails来验证它做rails -v它会在rails上显示版本

after that you can install bundles (required gems for development) 之后你可以安装bundle（开发所需的宝石）

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#3楼

This is the answer that worked for me. 这个答案对我有用。 Was in the comments above, but deserves its rightful place as answer for ubuntu 12.04 ruby 1.8.7 在上面的评论中，但作为ubuntu 12.04 ruby​​ 1.8.7的答案应该得到应有的地位

sudo apt-get install ruby-dev
# if above doesnt work make sure you have build essential
sudo apt-get install build-essential

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#4楼

我还需要build-essential安装：

sudo apt-get install build-essential

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#5楼

The problem is still is recursive on Ubuntu 13/04/13.10/14.04 问题仍然是Ubuntu 13/04 / 13.10 / 14.04的递归问题

and 和

sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev

worked out for me okay. 为我做好了没关系。 So If you are using Ubuntu 13.04/13.10/14.04 then using this will really come in handy. 所以，如果您使用的是Ubuntu 13.04 / 13.10 / 14.04，那么使用它将会派上用场。

This works even if ruby version is 1.9.3. 即使ruby版本是1.9.3，这也适用。 This is because there is no ruby1.9.3-dev available in the Repository... 这是因为存储库中没有可用的ruby1.9.3-dev ...

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#6楼

I think is a little late but 我觉得有点晚了但是

sudo yum install -y gcc ruby-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel

worked for me on fedora. 在fedora为我工作。

http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html http://nokogiri.org/tutorials/installing_nokogiri.html