Linux中Nginx编译安装、卸载并添加到service中

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最新推荐文章于 2025-06-25 17:25:13 发布

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分类专栏：架构设计文章标签： nginx centos

本文链接：https://blog.youkuaiyun.com/xcg132566/article/details/79161756

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本文介绍了如何在Linux CentOS系统中卸载和安装Nginx，包括安装依赖、编辑安装过程及配置文件示例。同时，讲解了如何将Nginx添加到service以便管理，如启动、停止、重启命令，以及简单的转发配置。

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nginx卸载

删除相应文件夹和自启动即可

nginx安装：

安装依赖

	yum install gcc pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

编辑安装

[root@os1 lib]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.6.tar.gz

[root@os1 lib]# tar -zvxf nginx-1.13.6.tar.gz

[root@os1 lib]# cd nginx-1.13.6

[root@os1 nginx-1.13.6]# ./configure --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --prefix=/usr/lib/nginx

[root@os1 nginx-1.13.6]# make

[root@os1 nginx-1.13.6]# make install

安装完成后位置为：/usr/lib/nginx

常用命令

启动：

[root@os1 nginx-1.13.6]# cd /usr/lib/nginx/sbin

[root@os1 sbin]# ./nginx

停止：
```
[root@os1 sbin]# ./nginx -s stop
```
重启
```
[root@os1 sbin]# ./nginx -s reload
```
检查配置文件正确性
```
[root@os1 sbin]# ./nginx -t
```
查看nginx版本
```
[root@os1 sbin]# ./nginx -v
```
查看nginx安装配置
```
[root@os1 sbin]# ./nginx -V
```

查看线程：

[root@os1 nginx]# ps -ef | grep nginx
root     13850     1  0 09:03 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process ./nginx
nobody   14323 13850  0 09:08 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root     15009  1891  0 09:17 pts/0    00:00:00 grep nginx

简单转发配置

http {
　　include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
　　default_type application/octet-stream;

　　sendfile on;

　　keepalive_timeout 65;

　　server {
　　　　listen 80;

　　　　server_name localhost;

　　　　location / {
　　　　　　proxy_pass http://localhost:18080;
　　　　}

　　}
}

将nginx添加到service

创建文件：/etc/init.d/nginx
```
  vi/etc/init.d/nginx
```

添加如下内容保存：

  # !/bin/bash
  #
  # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
  #
  # chkconfig:   - 85 15
  # description:  NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
  #   proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
  # processname: nginx
  # config:  /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
  # config:  /etc/sysconfig/nginx
  # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
  
  # Source function library.
  . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
  
  # Source networking configuration.
  . /etc/sysconfig/network
  
  # Check that networking is up.
  [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
  
  nginx="/usr/lib/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  prog=$(basename $nginx)
  
  NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/lib/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  
  [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
  
  lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
  
  make_dirs() {
    # make required directories
    user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
    if [ -n "$user" ]; then
  if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
    useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
  fi
  options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
  for opt in $options; do
  if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
    value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
    if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
  # echo "creating" $value
  mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
    fi
  fi
  done
    fi
  }
  
  start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
  }
  
  stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
  }
  
  restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
  }
  
  reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
  }
  
  force_reload() {
    restart
  }
  
  configtest() {
    $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
  }
  
  rh_status() {
    status $prog
  }
  
  rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
  }
  
  case "$1" in
    start)
  rh_status_q && exit 0
  $1
  ;;
    stop)
  rh_status_q || exit 0
  $1
  ;;
    restart|configtest)
  $1
  ;;
    reload)
  rh_status_q || exit 7
  $1
  ;;
    force-reload)
  force_reload
  ;;
    status)
  rh_status
  ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
  rh_status_q || exit 0
  ;;
    *)
  echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload|configtest}"
  exit 2
  esac

执行授权命令

  cd /etc/rc.d/init.d
  chmod +x nginx
  /sbin/chkconfig --level 345 nginx on

服务操作：

  启动：service nginx start
  停止：service nginx stop
  重启：service nginx restart
  查看状态：service nginx status

nginx配置文件demo

user root;
worker_processes auto;

error_log /data/wwwlogs/error_nginx.log crit;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events {
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 51200;
  multi_accept on;
}

http {
  include mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 1024m;
  client_body_buffer_size 10m;
  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush on;
  keepalive_timeout 120;
  server_tokens off;
  tcp_nodelay on;

  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
  fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

  #Gzip Compression
  gzip on;
  gzip_buffers 16 8k;
  gzip_comp_level 6;
  gzip_http_version 1.1;
  gzip_min_length 256;
  gzip_proxied any;
  gzip_vary on;
  gzip_types
    text/xml application/xml application/atom+xml application/rss+xml application/xhtml+xml image/svg+xml
    text/javascript application/javascript application/x-javascript
    text/x-json application/json application/x-web-app-manifest+json
    text/css text/plain text/x-component
    font/opentype application/x-font-ttf application/vnd.ms-fontobject
    image/x-icon;
  gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\.(?!.*SV1)";

  #If you have a lot of static files to serve through Nginx then caching of the files' metadata (not the actual files' contents) can save some latency.
  open_file_cache max=1000 inactive=20s;
  open_file_cache_valid 30s;
  open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
  open_file_cache_errors on;

######################## default ############################
  server {
    listen 80;
    server_name _;
    access_log /data/wwwlogs/access_nginx.log combined;
    #error_page 404 /404.html;
    #error_page 502 /502.html;
    location /nginx_status {
      access_log off;
      allow 127.0.0.1;
      deny all;
    }
    location / {
      root /ROOT;
      index index.html index.htm;
      proxy_pass http://localhost:8080;
    }
    location @apache {
      proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:88;
    }
    location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) {
      proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:88;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|flv|mp4|ico)$ {
      root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT;
      expires 30d;
      access_log off;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {
      root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT;
      expires 7d;
      access_log off;
    }
    location ~ /\.ht {
      deny all;
    }
    location ~/group1/M00 {
      alias /data/fastdfs/storage/data;
    }
  }
  server {
    listen 8888;  
    
    location ~/group([0-9])/M00 {
      root /data/fastdfs/storage/data;
      ngx_fastdfs_module;  
    }
  }
########################## vhost #############################
  include vhost/*.conf;
}