本文介绍了一个Java实现的HTTP客户端工具类，支持GET和POST请求，包括文件上传功能。该工具类通过Apache HttpClient实现了对HTTP请求的管理和执行，并对SSL连接进行了信任自签名证书的配置。
import java.io.File;
4 import java.io.IOException;
5 import java.security.KeyManagementException;
6 import java.security.KeyStoreException;
7 import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
8 import java.util.Iterator;
9 import java.util.List;
10 import java.util.Map;
11
12 import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
13 import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
14 import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
15 import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
16 import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
17 import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
18 import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
19 import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
20 import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
21 import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
22 import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
23 import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
24 import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;
25 import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
26 import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
27 import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
28 import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
29 import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
30 import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
31 import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler;
32 import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
33 import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
34 import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
35
36 /**
37 *
38 * @author H__D
39 * @date 2016年10月19日 上午11:27:25
40 *
41 */
42 public class HttpClientUtil {
43
44 // utf-8字符编码
45 public static final String CHARSET_UTF_8 = "utf-8";
46
47 // HTTP内容类型。
48 public static final String CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_HTML = "text/xml";
49
50 // HTTP内容类型。相当于form表单的形式，提交数据
51 public static final String CONTENT_TYPE_FORM_URL = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
52
53 // HTTP内容类型。相当于form表单的形式，提交数据
54 public static final String CONTENT_TYPE_JSON_URL = "application/json;charset=utf-8";
55
56
57 // 连接管理器
58 private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager pool;
59
60 // 请求配置
61 private static RequestConfig requestConfig;
62
63 static {
64
65 try {
66 //System.out.println("初始化HttpClientTest~~~开始");
67 SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
68 builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy());
69 SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(
70 builder.build());
71 // 配置同时支持 HTTP 和 HTPPS
72 Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create().register(
73 "http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory()).register(
74 "https", sslsf).build();
75 // 初始化连接管理器
76 pool = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(
77 socketFactoryRegistry);
78 // 将最大连接数增加到200，实际项目最好从配置文件中读取这个值
79 pool.setMaxTotal(200);
80 // 设置最大路由
81 pool.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(2);
82 // 根据默认超时限制初始化requestConfig
83 int socketTimeout = 10000;
84 int connectTimeout = 10000;
85 int connectionRequestTimeout = 10000;
86 requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectionRequestTimeout(
87 connectionRequestTimeout).setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).setConnectTimeout(
88 connectTimeout).build();
89
90 //System.out.println("初始化HttpClientTest~~~结束");
91 } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
92 e.printStackTrace();
93 } catch (KeyStoreException e) {
94 e.printStackTrace();
95 } catch (KeyManagementException e) {
96 e.printStackTrace();
97 }
98
99
100 // 设置请求超时时间
101 requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(50000).setConnectTimeout(50000)
102 .setConnectionRequestTimeout(50000).build();
103 }
104
105 public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {
106
107 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
108 // 设置连接池管理
109 .setConnectionManager(pool)
110 // 设置请求配置
111 .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
112 // 设置重试次数
113 .setRetryHandler(new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler(0, false))
114 .build();
115
116 return httpClient;
117 }
118
119 /**
120 * 发送Post请求
121 *
122 * @param httpPost
123 * @return
124 */
125 private static String sendHttpPost(HttpPost httpPost) {
126
127 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
128 CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
129 // 响应内容
130 String responseContent = null;
131 try {
132 // 创建默认的httpClient实例.
133 httpClient = getHttpClient();
134 // 配置请求信息
135 httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);
136 // 执行请求
137 response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
138 // 得到响应实例
139 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
140
141 // 可以获得响应头
142 // Header[] headers = response.getHeaders(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE);
143 // for (Header header : headers) {
144 // System.out.println(header.getName());
145 // }
146
147 // 得到响应类型
148 // System.out.println(ContentType.getOrDefault(response.getEntity()).getMimeType());
149
150 // 判断响应状态
151 if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() >= 300) {
152 throw new Exception(
153 "HTTP Request is not success, Response code is " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
154 }
155
156 if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
157 responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, CHARSET_UTF_8);
158 EntityUtils.consume(entity);
159 }
160
161 } catch (Exception e) {
162 e.printStackTrace();
163 } finally {
164 try {
165 // 释放资源
166 if (response != null) {
167 response.close();
168 }
169 } catch (IOException e) {
170 e.printStackTrace();
171 }
172 }
173 return responseContent;
174 }
175
176 /**
177 * 发送Get请求
178 *
179 * @param httpGet
180 * @return
181 */
182 private static String sendHttpGet(HttpGet httpGet) {
183
184 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
185 CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
186 // 响应内容
187 String responseContent = null;
188 try {
189 // 创建默认的httpClient实例.
190 httpClient = getHttpClient();
191 // 配置请求信息
192 httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);
193 // 执行请求
194 response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
195 // 得到响应实例
196 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
197
198 // 可以获得响应头
199 // Header[] headers = response.getHeaders(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE);
200 // for (Header header : headers) {
201 // System.out.println(header.getName());
202 // }
203
204 // 得到响应类型
205 // System.out.println(ContentType.getOrDefault(response.getEntity()).getMimeType());
206
207 // 判断响应状态
208 if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() >= 300) {
209 throw new Exception(
210 "HTTP Request is not success, Response code is " + response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
211 }
212
213 if (HttpStatus.SC_OK == response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()) {
214 responseContent = EntityUtils.toString(entity, CHARSET_UTF_8);
215 EntityUtils.consume(entity);
216 }
217
218 } catch (Exception e) {
219 e.printStackTrace();
220 } finally {
221 try {
222 // 释放资源
223 if (response != null) {
224 response.close();
225 }
226 } catch (IOException e) {
227 e.printStackTrace();
228 }
229 }
230 return responseContent;
231 }
232
233
234
235 /**
236 * 发送 post请求
237 *
238 * @param httpUrl
239 * 地址
240 */
241 public static String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl) {
242 // 创建httpPost
243 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);
244 return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
245 }
246
247 /**
248 * 发送 get请求
249 *
250 * @param httpUrl
251 */
252 public static String sendHttpGet(String httpUrl) {
253 // 创建get请求
254 HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(httpUrl);
255 return sendHttpGet(httpGet);
256 }
257
258
259
260 /**
261 * 发送 post请求（带文件）
262 *
263 * @param httpUrl
264 * 地址
265 * @param maps
266 * 参数
267 * @param fileLists
268 * 附件
269 */
270 public static String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, String> maps, List<File> fileLists) {
271 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
272 MultipartEntityBuilder meBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
273 if (maps != null) {
274 for (String key : maps.keySet()) {
275 meBuilder.addPart(key, new StringBody(maps.get(key), ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN));
276 }
277 }
278 if (fileLists != null) {
279 for (File file : fileLists) {
280 FileBody fileBody = new FileBody(file);
281 meBuilder.addPart("files", fileBody);
282 }
283 }
284 HttpEntity reqEntity = meBuilder.build();
285 httpPost.setEntity(reqEntity);
286 return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
287 }
288
289 /**
290 * 发送 post请求
291 *
292 * @param httpUrl
293 * 地址
294 * @param params
295 * 参数(格式:key1=value1&key2=value2)
296 *
297 */
298 public static String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, String params) {
299 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
300 try {
301 // 设置参数
302 if (params != null && params.trim().length() > 0) {
303 StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(params, "UTF-8");
304 stringEntity.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE_FORM_URL);
305 httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
306 }
307 } catch (Exception e) {
308 e.printStackTrace();
309 }
310 return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
311 }
312
313 /**
314 * 发送 post请求
315 *
316 * @param maps
317 * 参数
318 */
319 public static String sendHttpPost(String httpUrl, Map<String, String> maps) {
320 String parem = convertStringParamter(maps);
321 return sendHttpPost(httpUrl, parem);
322 }
323
324
325
326
327 /**
328 * 发送 post请求 发送json数据
329 *
330 * @param httpUrl
331 * 地址
332 * @param paramsJson
333 * 参数(格式 json)
334 *
335 */
336 public static String sendHttpPostJson(String httpUrl, String paramsJson) {
337 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
338 try {
339 // 设置参数
340 if (paramsJson != null && paramsJson.trim().length() > 0) {
341 StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(paramsJson, "UTF-8");
342 stringEntity.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE_JSON_URL);
343 httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
344 }
345 } catch (Exception e) {
346 e.printStackTrace();
347 }
348 return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
349 }
350
351 /**
352 * 发送 post请求 发送xml数据
353 *
354 * @param httpUrl 地址
355 * @param paramsXml 参数(格式 Xml)
356 *
357 */
358 public static String sendHttpPostXml(String httpUrl, String paramsXml) {
359 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl);// 创建httpPost
360 try {
361 // 设置参数
362 if (paramsXml != null && paramsXml.trim().length() > 0) {
363 StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(paramsXml, "UTF-8");
364 stringEntity.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_HTML);
365 httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);
366 }
367 } catch (Exception e) {
368 e.printStackTrace();
369 }
370 return sendHttpPost(httpPost);
371 }
372
373
374 /**
375 * 将map集合的键值对转化成：key1=value1&key2=value2 的形式
376 *
377 * @param parameterMap
378 * 需要转化的键值对集合
379 * @return 字符串
380 */
381 public static String convertStringParamter(Map parameterMap) {
382 StringBuffer parameterBuffer = new StringBuffer();
383 if (parameterMap != null) {
384 Iterator iterator = parameterMap.keySet().iterator();
385 String key = null;
386 String value = null;
387 while (iterator.hasNext()) {
388 key = (String) iterator.next();
389 if (parameterMap.get(key) != null) {
390 value = (String) parameterMap.get(key);
391 } else {
392 value = "";
393 }
394 parameterBuffer.append(key).append("=").append(value);
395 if (iterator.hasNext()) {
396 parameterBuffer.append("&");
397 }
398 }
399 }
400 return parameterBuffer.toString();
401 }
402
403 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
404
405 System.out.println(sendHttpGet("http://www.baidu.com"));
406
407 }
408 }
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