The structure of Segment Tree is a binary tree which each node has two attributes start and end denote an segment / interval.
start and end are both integers, they should be assigned in following rules:
The root’s start and end is given by build method.
The left child of node A has start=A.left, end=(A.left + A.right) / 2.
The right child of node A has start=(A.left + A.right) / 2 + 1, end=A.right.
if start equals to end, there will be no children for this node.
Implement a build method with two parameters start and end, so that we can create a corresponding segment tree with every node has the correct start and end value, return the root of this segment tree.
Example
Given start=0, end=3. The segment tree will be:
[0, 3]
/ \
[0, 1] [2, 3]
/ \ / \
[0, 0] [1, 1] [2, 2] [3, 3]
Given start=1, end=6. The segment tree will be:
[1, 6]
/ \
[1, 3] [4, 6]
/ \ / \
[1, 2] [3,3] [4, 5] [6,6]
/ \ / \
[1,1][2,2] [4,4] [5,5]
Clarification
Segment Tree (a.k.a Interval Tree) is an advanced data structure which can support queries like:
which of these intervals contain a given point
which of these points are in a given interval
See wiki: Segment Tree Interval Tree
/**
* Definition of SegmentTreeNode:
* public class SegmentTreeNode {
* public int start, end;
* public SegmentTreeNode left, right;
* public SegmentTreeNode(int start, int end) {
* this.start = start, this.end = end;
* this.left = this.right = null;
* }
* }
*/
public class Solution {
/**
*@param start, end: Denote an segment / interval
*@return: The root of Segment Tree
*/
//BFS
public SegmentTreeNode build(int start, int end) {
if(start > end) return null;
SegmentTreeNode root = new SegmentTreeNode(start, end);
Queue<SegmentTreeNode> queue = new LinkedList<SegmentTreeNode>();
if(start < end) {
queue.add(root);
}
while(!queue.isEmpty()) {
SegmentTreeNode node = queue.poll();
int start1 = node.start;
int end1 = (node.start + node.end)/2;
int start2 = end1 + 1;
int end2 = node.end;
node.left = new SegmentTreeNode(start1, end1);
node.right = new SegmentTreeNode(start2, end2);
if(start1 != end1) {
queue.add(node.left);
}
if(start2 != end2) {
queue.add(node.right);
}
}
return root;
}
}