数据结构PTA习题：基础实验7-2.2 插入排序还是堆排序 (25分)——插入排序和堆排序

基础实验7-2.2 插入排序还是堆排序 (25分)

英文题目：
According to Wikipedia:
Insertion sort iterates, consuming one input element each repetition, and growing a sorted output list. Each iteration, insertion sort removes one element from the input data, finds the location it belongs within the sorted list, and inserts it there. It repeats until no input elements remain.
Heap sort divides its input into a sorted and an unsorted region, and it iteratively shrinks the unsorted region by extracting the largest element and moving that to the sorted region. it involves the use of a heap data structure rather than a linear-time search to find the maximum.
Now given the initial sequence of integers, together with a sequence which is a result of several iterations of some sorting method, can you tell which sorting method we are using?

Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (≤100). Then in the next line, N integers are given as the initial sequence. The last line contains the partially sorted sequence of the N numbers. It is assumed that the target sequence is always ascending. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.

Output Specification:
For each test case, print in the first line either “Insertion Sort” or “Heap Sort” to indicate the method used to obtain the partial result. Then run this method for one more iteration and output in the second line the resulting sequence. It is guaranteed that the answer is unique for each test case. All the numbers in a line must be separated by a space, and there must be no extra space at the end of the line.

中文题目：
根据维基百科的定义：
插入排序是迭代算法，逐一获得输入数据，逐步产生有序的输出序列。每步迭代中，算法从输入序列中取出一元素，将之插入有序序列中正确的位置。如此迭代直到全部元素有序。
堆排序也是将输入分为有序和无序两部分，迭代地从无序部分找出最大元素放入有序部分。它利用了大根堆的堆顶元素最大这一特征，使得在当前无序区中选取最大元素变得简单。
现给定原始序列和由某排序算法产生的中间序列，请你判断该算法究竟是哪种排序算法？

输入格式：
输入在第一行给出正整数 N (≤100)；随后一行给出原始序列的 N 个整数；最后一行给出由某排序算法产生的中间序列。这里假设排序的目标序列是升序。数字间以空格分隔。

输出格式：
首先在第 1 行中输出Insertion Sort表示插入排序、或Heap Sort表示堆排序；然后在第 2 行中输出用该排序算法再迭代一轮的结果序列。题目保证每组测试的结果是唯一的。数字间以空格分隔，且行首尾不得有多余空格。

输入样例 1：

10
3 1 2 8 7 5 9 4 6 0
1 2 3 7 8 5 9 4 6 0

输出样例 1：

Insertion Sort
1 2 3 5 7 8 9 4 6 0

输入样例 2：

10
3 1 2 8 7 5 9 4 6 0
6 4 5 1 0 3 2 7 8 9

输出样例 2：

Heap Sort
5 4 3 1 0 2 6 7 8 9

读入一行初始序列和一行中间序列。若中间序列前一部分升序排列，后一部分乱序且乱序部分与原始序列相同，则为插入排序；否则是堆排序。
若是插入排序，再执行一次插入排序后输出结果；
若是堆排序，需要确定此时堆顶元素需换到哪个位置上。再执行一次堆排序后输出结果。

C语言实现：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void Swap(int * A, int * B)
{
   
   
	int t;
	t = *A;
	*A = *B;
	*B = t;
}
void