整理一个ANT在J2EE项目中的应用，含预编译JSP和打包WAR/EAR文件！

本文介绍如何使用ANT工具进行J2EE项目的构建，包括预编译JSP文件和打包WAR/EAR文件的过程。文章详细展示了项目目录结构、全局参数定义、编译Java源代码、预编译JSP、构建WAR/EAR文件的具体步骤。

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http://blog.youkuaiyun.com/xport/archive/2006/02/13/598240.aspx

首先，假设我们的项目的结构如下，相同的目录大家可以自行扩展！

${project.root}
|
+-- build/           <-- WAR/EAR 档的目录
+-- classes/         <-- 编译的输出目录，与 JBuilder 兼容
+-- src/             <-- wuhuif 源文件目录
+-- web/             <-- WEB Content 目录
|    |
|    +--pages/       <-- JSP 文件目录
|    +--WEB-INF/     <-- web.xml 等配置文件
+-- ejb              <-- EJB Content 目录
|    |
|    +--META-INF/    <-- EJB 配置文件
+-- ear              <-- EAR Content 目录
|    |
|    +--META-INF/    <-- EAR 配置文件
|-- lib              <-- 项目所要用到的 library

接下来第一步，就是要先定义好一些全局的参数，以便以后更改起来方便，风格
大家自己选择好了，我用的是如下的方式：

(1) 给出项目的目录：

< property name ="dir.project" value ="D:/Code/MyProject"/>
< property name ="dir.project.lib" value ="${dir.project}/lib"/>
< property name ="dir.project.src" value ="${dir.project}/src"/>
< property name ="dir.project.web_module" value ="${dir.project}/web"/>
< property name ="dir.project.ejb_module" value ="${dir.project}/ejb"/>
< property name ="dir.project.ear_module" value ="${dir.project}/ear"/>


< property name ="dir.project.compile" value ="${dir.project}/classes"/>
< property name ="dir.project.compile.jspcache" value ="${dir.project.compile}/jspcache"/>
< property name ="dir.project.build" value ="${dir.project}/build"/>


< property name ="dir.appserver.tomcat.home" value ="D:/J2EE_HOME/AppServer/Tomcat"/>
< property name ="dir.appserver.oc4j.j2ee.home" value ="D:/J2EE_HOME/AppServer/OC4J/j2ee/home"/>

(2) 定义Java Source的编译选项

< property name ="opt.compile.source" value ="1.4"/>
< property name ="opt.compile.target" value ="1.4"/>
< property name ="opt.compile.encoding" value ="UTF-8"/>
< property name ="opt.compile.deprecation" value ="on"/>
< property name ="opt.compile.debug" value ="on"/>
< property name ="opt.compile.optimize" value ="off"/>

(3) 如果需要 import EJB library 的话，给出下面的定义，后面会用到

< property name ="import.ejb.report.server" value ="${dir.project.lib}/AppFramework.jar"/>

(4) 给出部署WAR/EAR文件的名称：

< property name ="deploy.file.ejb_module" value ="MyApp_EJB.jar" />
< property name ="deploy.file.web_module" value ="MyApp_WEB.war" />
< property name ="deploy.file.ear_module" value ="MyApp.ear" />

(5) 给出CLASSPATH的定义，引入相关的Library和项目编译生成的Java Classes

< path id ="CLASSPATH">
    
    < fileset dir ="${dir.appserver.tomcat.home}/bin">
      < include name ="*.jar"/>
    </ fileset >
    < fileset dir ="${dir.appserver.tomcat.home}/server/lib">
      < include name ="*.jar"/>
    </ fileset >
    < fileset dir ="${dir.appserver.tomcat.home}/common/lib">
      < include name ="*.jar"/>
    </ fileset >
    
    
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/abc.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/AppServer.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/AppServiceClient.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/AppUtil.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/xport.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/jaxen-full.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/jstl.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/log4j-1.2.13.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/ojdbc14.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/saxpath.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/standard.jar"/>
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.lib}/taglibs-log.jar"/>
    
    < pathelement location ="${dir.project.compile}"/>
</ path >

(6) 基本的clean和init的task

< target name ="clean">
    < delete dir ="${dir.project.build}"/>
    < delete dir ="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"/>
    < delete dir ="${dir.project.compile}"/>
    < delete dir ="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
    < delete dir ="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/lib"/>
</ target >

< target name ="init">
    < mkdir dir ="${dir.project.compile}"/>
    < mkdir dir ="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"/>
    < mkdir dir ="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
    < mkdir dir ="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/lib"/>
    < mkdir dir ="${dir.project.build}"/>
</ target >

(7) 编译Java Source

< target name ="src_compile" depends ="init">
    
    < javac srcdir ="${dir.project.src}"
           destdir ="${dir.project.compile}"
           encoding ="${opt.compile.encoding}"
           source ="${opt.compile.source}"
           target ="${opt.compile.source}"
           deprecation ="${opt.compile.deprecation}"
           debug ="${opt.compile.debug}"
           optimize ="{opt.compile.optimize}" >
      < classpath refid ="CLASSPATH"/>
      < include name ="**/*.java"/>
    </ javac >
    
    < copy todir ="${dir.project.compile}">
      < fileset dir ="${dir.project.src}">
        < exclude name ="**/*.java"/>
      </ fileset >
    </ copy >
</ target >

(8) 预编译JSP文件，可选择基于Tomcat或是Oracle Application Server

< target name ="jsp_src_generate" depends ="src_compile">
    < taskdef classname ="org.apache.jasper.JspC" name ="jasper2">
      < classpath refid ="CLASSPATH"/>
    </ taskdef >
    < jasper2 validateXml ="false"
             verbose ="9"
             uriroot ="${dir.project.web_module}"
             outputDir ="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"
             webXmlFragment ="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}/generated-web.xml" />
</ target >



< target name ="jsp_src_compile">
    < javac srcdir ="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"
           destdir ="${dir.project.compile.jspcache}"
           encoding ="${opt.compile.encoding}"
           source ="${opt.compile.source}"
           target ="${opt.compile.source}"
           deprecation ="${opt.compile.deprecation}"
           debug ="${opt.compile.debug}"
           optimize ="{opt.compile.optimize}" >
      < classpath refid ="CLASSPATH"/>
      < include name ="**"/>
    </ javac >
</ target >

< target name ="jsp_precompile" depends ="src_compile, jsp_src_generate, jsp_src_compile" />

(9) 开始进行compile，make 和 build，并生成部署档案

< target name ="compile" depends ="src_compile, jsp_precompile" />


< target name ="make.web_module" depends ="compile">
    < war destfile ="${dir.project.build}/${deploy.file.web_module}" webxml ="${dir.project.web_module}/WEB-INF/web.xml">
      < fileset dir ="${dir.project.web_module}" >
        < include name ="**"/>
        < exclude name ="WEB-INF/classes/**"/>
        < exclude name ="WEB-INF/lib/**"/>
      </ fileset >
      < classes dir ="${dir.project.compile}">
        < include name ="**"/>
        < exclude name ="project/package/trx/**"/>
        < exclude name ="jspcache/**"/>
      </ classes >
      < lib dir ="${dir.project.lib}">
        < include name ="AppUtil.jar"/>
        < include name ="AppClient.jar"/>
      </ lib >
    </ war >
</ target >


< target name ="make.ejb_module" depends ="src_compile">
    < jar destfile ="${dir.project.build}/${deploy.file.ejb_module}">
      < zipgroupfileset dir ="${dir.project.lib}">
        < include name ="AppServer.jar"/>
      </ zipgroupfileset >
      < fileset dir ="${dir.project.ejb_module}">
        < include name ="**"/>
      </ fileset >
      < fileset dir ="${dir.project.compile}">
        < include name ="**"/>
        < exclude name ="project/package/controller/**"/>
        < exclude name ="jspcache/**"/>
      </ fileset >
    </ jar >
</ target >


< target name ="make.ear_module" depends ="compile, make.web_module, make.ejb_module">
    < ear destfile ="${dir.project.build}/${deploy.file.ear_module}" appxml ="${dir.project.ear_module}/META-INF/application.xml">
      < fileset dir ="${dir.project.build}">
        < include name ="${deploy.file.web_module}"/>
        < include name ="${deploy.file.ejb_module}"/>
      </ fileset >
    </ ear >
</ target >

< target name ="make" depends ="init, compile, make.web_module, make.ejb_module, make.ear_module" />

< target name ="build" depends ="clean, init, make" />

好了, 把上面的内容综合起来, 就可以用ant build命令来编译了！