Ubuntu的一些操作

1.apt 更改source源

1. 备份系统默认源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.old

 2. 更换源

sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

打开文档之后，可在下面的各种国内源中任选其一，我用的是阿里的源，然后复制粘贴，最后保存关闭。

 

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe

网易

deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ wily-backports main restricted universe multiverse

 清华

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

3. 更新源

sudo apt-get update

2.Ubuntu16.04中，为pip更换国内清华源

第一步：创建相应文件

 mkdir ~/.pip
cd ~/.pip
touch pip.conf

第二步:在pip.conf中添加一下代码

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

国内的另一些源镜像

豆瓣(douban) http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ 
清华大学 https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/ 
阿里云 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ 
中国科技大学 https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/ 
中国科学技术大学 http://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/ 

顺便记录一下在Windows中更换pip源为国内源的步骤：
直接在user目录中创建一个pip目录，如：C:\Users\xxx\pip
然后在pip文件夹中新建pip.ini，随后在文件中添加以下内容：

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple