北京邮电大学数据结构实验一题目1

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-06 10:32:54 发布

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本文通过具体实例演示了四种基本数据结构的实现与应用：共享栈、链栈、循环队列及链队列。每种结构均提供了详细的代码实现，并通过测试函数验证了其正确性。

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根据栈和队列的抽象数据类型的定义，按要求实现一个栈或一个队列。

要求：

1、实现一个共享栈

2、实现一个链栈

3、实现一个循环队列

4、实现一个链队列

编写测试main()函数测试线性表的正确性。

参考代码：

#include<iostream>
#include"标头.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	
   //测试1：共享栈
	cout << "测试共享栈" << endl;
	bothStack<int>text1;
	try {
		text1.push(99, 2);                                                       //将栈堆满
		text1.push(210, 2);
		text1.push(250, 1);
		text1.push(250, 1);
		text1.push(50, 1);
		
		cout << "栈为：" << endl;
		text1.print();
		cout << endl;

		cout << "栈1顶元素为：" << endl;
		int a = text1.gettop(1);
		cout << a << endl;

        cout << "删除栈1顶元素并在栈1顶加入新元素666：" << endl;
		int b = text1.pop(1);
		text1.push(666, 1);
		text1.print();
		
	}
	catch(char* s)
	{
		cout << s << endl;
	}


	cout << endl;
	cout << endl;
	cout << endl;



	//测试2：链栈
	cout << "测试链栈" << endl;
	LinkStack<char>text2;
	
	try {
		char z = 'z', y = 'y', x = 'x';
		text2.Push(z);
		text2.Push(y);
		text2.Push(x);

		cout << "获取栈顶元素：" << endl;
		char c = text2.GetTop();
		cout << c << endl;

		cout << "删除栈顶元素" << endl;
		text2.Pop();

		cout << "此时栈顶元素为：" << endl;
		char d = text2.GetTop();
		cout << d << endl;
	}
	catch(char*h)
	{
		cout << h << endl;
	}

	cout << endl;
	cout << endl;
	cout << endl;


	//测试3：循环队列
	cout << "测试循环队列" << endl;
	CircleQueue<int>text3;
	try {
		text3.EnQueue(1);
		text3.EnQueue(2);
		text3.EnQueue(3);
		text3.EnQueue(4);
		text3.EnQueue(5);

		cout << "获取队首元素：" << endl;
		int e = text3.GetFront();
		cout << e << endl;

		cout << "队首出队" << endl;
		text3.DeQueue();

		cout << "获取队首元素：" << endl;
		int f = text3.GetFront();
		cout << f << endl;

		cout << "获取队列长度：" << endl;
		int g = text3.GetLength();
		cout << g << endl;
	}
	catch (char*h)
	{
		cout << h << endl;
	}


	cout << endl;
	cout << endl;
	cout << endl;


	//测试4：链队列
	cout << "测试链队列" << endl;
	LinkQueue<char>text4;
	char h='h', i='i', j='j', k='k', l='l';
	try {
		text4.EnQueue(h);
		text4.EnQueue(i);
		text4.EnQueue(j);
		text4.EnQueue(k);
		text4.EnQueue(l);

		cout << "获取队首元素：" << endl;
		char v = text4.GetFront();
		cout << v << endl;

		cout << "队首出队" << endl;
		text4.DeQueue();

		cout << "获取队首元素：" << endl;
		char o = text4.GetFront();
		cout << o << endl;
	}
	catch (char*h)
	{
		cout << h << endl;
	}

	system("pause");


	return 0;
}

const int stacksize = 5;
template <class T>
class bothStack                                                                                                                 //共享栈
{
public:
	bothStack()
	{
		
		top1 = -1;
		top2 = stacksize;

	}
	
	int empty();                     
	T 	gettop(int a);                          
	void 	push(T x, int a);                   
	T 	pop(int a);                             
	void print();
private:
	T 	data[stacksize];
	int 	top1, top2;
};
template <class T>
void bothStack<T>::print()                                                                                //共享栈    打印栈
{
	for (int i = 0; i < stacksize; i++)

		cout << data[i] << " ";
}
template <class T>
int  bothStack<T>::empty()                                                                                 //共享栈  判断栈是否为空
{
	if (top2 - top1== 1)
		return 0;
	else 
		return 1;
}

template <class T>
T bothStack<T>::gettop(int a)                                                                              //共享栈   获取栈顶元素  
{
	if (a == 1)
		return data[top1];
	if(a=2)
		return data[top2];
}

template <class T>
void bothStack<T>::push(T x, int a)                                                                         //共享栈   入栈 
{
	if (top2 - top1 == 1)
		throw"栈已满";
	if (a == 1)
	{
		top1++;
		data[top1] = x;
	}
	if(a==2)
	{
		top2--;
		data[top2] = x;
	}
}

template <class T>
T bothStack<T>::pop(int a)                                                                                  //共享栈   出栈 
{
	if (empty())
		throw"栈为空";

		if (a==1)
		{
			if (top1 == -1)
				throw"下溢";
			else
			{
				top1--;
				return data[top1 + 1];
			}
		}
	if (a==2)
	{
		if (top2 == stacksize)
			throw"上溢";
		else
		{
			top2++;
			return data[top2 - 1];
		}

	}

}


template <class T>
struct Node
{
	T data;
	struct Node <T> * next;
};
template <class T>
class LinkStack	                                                                                                                 //链栈                 
{
public:
	LinkStack()
	{
		top = NULL;
	}

	~LinkStack();
	void Push(T x);
	T Pop();
	T GetTop();
	bool Empty()
	{
		return (NULL == top) ? true :false;     //空为1，不空为0
	}

private:
	struct Node <T> * top;
};
template <class T>
void LinkStack<T>::Push(T x)                                                                              //链栈      入栈
{
	struct Node <T> * p = new Node<T>;
	p->data = x;
	p->next = top;
	top = p;
}
template <class T>
T LinkStack<T>::Pop()                                                                                 //  链栈      出栈
{
	if (Empty())
		throw "下溢";
	T x = top->data;
	struct Node <T> * p = top;
	top = top->next;
	delete p;
	return x;
}
template <class T>
T LinkStack<T>::GetTop()                                                                         //链栈     获取栈顶元素
{
	if (Empty())
		throw"栈为空";
	return top->data;
}

template <class T>
LinkStack<T>::~LinkStack()                                                                     //链栈      析构函数
{
	while (top)
	{
		Node<T>*p = top;
		top = top->next;
		delete p;
	}
}

const int QueueSize = 10;
template <class T>
class CircleQueue	                                                                            //循环队列
{
public:
	CircleQueue()
	{
		front = rear = 0;
	}
	void EnQueue(T x);
	T DeQueue();
	T GetFront();
	int GetLength();
	bool Empty() 
	{ return front = = rear ? true : false; }
private:
	T data[QueueSize];
	int front;
	int rear;
};
template <class T>
void CircleQueue<T>::EnQueue(T x)	                                                           //循环队列           入队
{
	if ((rear + 1) % QueueSize == front)          //(rear + 1) % QueueSize指向下一个元素
		throw "队列已满";
	rear = (rear + 1) % QueueSize;
	data[rear] = x;
}
template <class T>
T CircleQueue<T>::DeQueue()	                                                            //  循环队列         出队
{
	if (rear == front)
		throw "队列已空";
	front = (front + 1) % QueueSize;
	return data[front];
}
template <class T>
T CircleQueue<T>::GetFront()                                                                // 循环队列     获取队首元素
{
	if (rear == front)
		throw "队列空";
	return data[(front + 1) % QueueSize];
}
template <class T>
int CircleQueue<T>::GetLength()                                                               // 循环队列     获取队列长度  
{
	return (rear - front + QueueSize) % QueueSize;
}

template <class T>
class LinkQueue                                                                                                //链队列
{
public:
	LinkQueue()
	{
		front = new Node <T>;
		rear = front;
		front->next = NULL;
	}
	~LinkQueue();
	void EnQueue(T x);                                                                             
	T DeQueue();
	T GetFront();
	bool Empty()
	{
		return front == rear ? true : false;
	}
private:
	Node <T> * front;
	Node <T> * rear;
};
template <class T>
void LinkQueue<T>::EnQueue(T x)                                                                            //链队列    入队
{
	rear->next = new Node <T>;
	rear = rear->next;
	rear->data = x;
	rear->next = NULL;
}
template <class T>
T LinkQueue<T>::DeQueue()	                                                                              //链队列      出队
{

	Node <T> * p = front->next;
	if (!p)
		throw "队列已空";
	front->next = p->next;
	T x = p->data;
	delete p;
	if (!(front->next))             //如果队列变为空，修改队尾指针
		rear = front;
	return x;
}
template <class T>
LinkQueue<T>:: ~LinkQueue()                                                                                //析构函数
{
	while (front != NULL)
	{
		rear = front->next;
		delete front;
		front = rear;
	}
}
template <class T>                                                                                        //链队列      获取队首元素
T LinkQueue<T>::GetFront()                                                    
{
	return front->next->data;
}