HDU 1048 The Hardest Problem Ever

The Hardest Problem Ever

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 10866    Accepted Submission(s): 4869

Problem Description

Julius Caesar lived in a time of danger and intrigue. The hardest situation Caesar ever faced was keeping himself alive. In order for him to survive, he decided to create one of the first ciphers. This cipher was so incredibly sound, that no one could figure it out without knowing how it worked. 
You are a sub captain of Caesar's army. It is your job to decipher the messages sent by Caesar and provide to your general. The code is simple. For each letter in a plaintext message, you shift it five places to the right to create the secure message (i.e., if the letter is 'A', the cipher text would be 'F'). Since you are creating plain text out of Caesar's messages, you will do the opposite: 

Cipher text
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Plain text
V W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U 

Only letters are shifted in this cipher. Any non-alphabetical character should remain the same, and all alphabetical characters will be upper case.

 

Input

Input to this problem will consist of a (non-empty) series of up to 100 data sets. Each data set will be formatted according to the following description, and there will be no blank lines separating data sets. All characters will be uppercase. 

A single data set has 3 components: 

Start line - A single line, "START" 

Cipher message - A single line containing from one to two hundred characters, inclusive, comprising a single message from Caesar 

End line - A single line, "END" 

Following the final data set will be a single line, "ENDOFINPUT".

 

Output

For each data set, there will be exactly one line of output. This is the original message by Caesar.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   START
NS BFW, JAJSYX TK NRUTWYFSHJ FWJ YMJ WJXZQY TK YWNANFQ HFZXJX
END
START
N BTZQI WFYMJW GJ KNWXY NS F QNYYQJ NGJWNFS ANQQFLJ YMFS XJHTSI NS WTRJ
END
START
IFSLJW PSTBX KZQQ BJQQ YMFY HFJXFW NX RTWJ IFSLJWTZX YMFS MJ
END
ENDOFINPUT
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   IN WAR, EVENTS OF IMPORTANCE ARE THE RESULT OF TRIVIAL CAUSES
I WOULD RATHER BE FIRST IN A LITTLE IBERIAN VILLAGE THAN SECOND IN ROME
DANGER KNOWS FULL WELL THAT CAESAR IS MORE DANGEROUS THAN HE
  
  

 

Source

South Central USA 2002

 

分析：字符之间的转换，规律就是每个字符往前移动5位，但是注意A前面是Z，也就是26个字母围成一个环，这里防止移位时负数出现所以

加了26再移位。

代码：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>

char str[120];

int main()
{
    char str1[10];
    while(gets(str1))
    {
        int len,i;
        if(strcmp(str1,"ENDOFINPUT")==0)
            break;
        gets(str);
        len=strlen(str);
        for(i=0;i<len;i++)
        {
            if(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z')
                str[i]=(str[i]-'A'+26-5)%26+'A';
        }
        gets(str1);
        for(i=0;i<len;i++)
        printf("%c",str[i]);
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}