ORA-15177: cannot operate on system aliases (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)

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在ORACLE 11.2.0.1数据库实例中，由于参数设置错误导致无法启动。通过创建pfile，修改参数，重建spfile并删除错误创建的DB_UNKNOWN目录（使用rm -rf命令），最终成功启动数据库。ASM存储中出现的问题也得到了解决。

环境：ORACLE 11.2.0.1 但实例的ASM存储

故障：由于修改数据库参数设置错误，重启数据库导致无法启动

解决步骤：

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> create pfile='/tmp/pfile01.txt' from spfile;
create pfile='/tmp/pfile01.txt' from spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01565: error in identifying file '?/dbs/spfile@.ora'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

SQL> create pfile='/tmp/pfilehidb' from spfile='+hi_data/hidb/spfilehidb.ora';

File created.

修改/tmp/pfilehidb内容正确后，重建spfiel

SQL> create spfile='+hi_data' from pfile='/tmp/pfilehidb';

File created.

用grid用户登录查看

ASMCMD> ls -al
Type           Redund Striped Time             Sys Name
                                                 Y    ARCHIVELOG/
                                                 Y    CONTROLFILE/
                                                 Y    DATAFILE/
                                                 Y    ONLINELOG/
                                                 Y    TEMPFILE/
                                                 N    spfilehidb.ora => +HI_DATA/DB_UNKNOWN/PARAMETERFILE/SPFILE.256.786449611
ASMCMD> cd ..
ASMCMD> ls
ASM/
DB_UNKNOWN/
HIDB/

发现自动创建了一个DB_UNKNOWN文件夹，通过查找资料发现是数据库没启动导致的，所以删除DB_UNKNOWN文件夹，重新来过

ASMCMD> rm DB_UNKNOWN
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15177: cannot operate on system aliases (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)

ASMCMD> cd hidb
ASMCMD> ls
ARCHIVELOG/
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ONLINELOG/
TEMPFILE/
spfilehidb.ora
ASMCMD> rm spfilehidb.ora
ASMCMD> ls
ARCHIVELOG/
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ONLINELOG/
TEMPFILE/
ASMCMD> cd ..
ASMCMD> ls
ASM/
DB_UNKNOWN/
HIDB/
ASMCMD> rm DB_UNKNOWN
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15177: cannot operate on system aliases (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute) --无法删除此空目录，可以使用rm -rf 强行删除

ASMCMD> rm -r DB_UNKNOWN
You may delete multiple files and/or directories.
Are you sure? (y/n) y
ASMCMD> ls
ASM/
HIDB/

启动数据库重建spfiel

SQL> startup pfile='/tmp/pfilehidb'
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 8217530368 bytes
Fixed Size      2214856 bytes
Variable Size   1476396088 bytes
Database Buffers 6710886400 bytes
Redo Buffers     28033024 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> create spfile='+hi_data/hidb/spfilehidb.ora' from pfile='/tmp/pfilehidb';

File created.

SQL> create spfile='+hi_data/hidb/spfilehidb.ora' from pfile='/tmp/pfilehidb';

File created.

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

正常启动

查看asm存储

ASMCMD> pwd
+hi_data/hidb
ASMCMD> ls
CONTROLFILE/
DATAFILE/
ONLINELOG/
PARAMETERFILE/
TEMPFILE/
spfilehidb.ora
ASMCMD> ls -al
Type           Redund Striped Time             Sys Name
                                                 Y    CONTROLFILE/
                                                 Y    DATAFILE/
                                                 Y    ONLINELOG/
                                                 Y    PARAMETERFILE/
                                                 Y    TEMPFILE/
                                                 N    spfilehidb.ora => +HI_DATA/HIDB/PARAMETERFILE/spfile.271.786452791