WAVEFORMATEX 等数据结构整理

最新推荐文章于 2017-07-18 22:25:52 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2017-07-18 22:25:52 发布 · 480 阅读

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本文详细介绍了WAVEFORMATEX结构在音频处理领域的关键作用，包括格式类型、声道数、采样频率等核心参数的解释与应用。深入探讨了音频数据的组织方式和传输效率，旨在帮助开发者更好地理解和使用WAVEFORMATEX结构进行音频文件的处理。

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typedef struct tWAVEFORMATEX

{

WORD wFormatTag; /* format type */

WORD nChannels; /* number of channels (i.e. mono, stereo...) */

DWORD nSamplesPerSec; /* sample rate */

DWORD nAvgBytesPerSec; /* for buffer estimation */

WORD nBlockAlign; /* block size of data */

WORD wBitsPerSample; /* number of bits per sample of mono data */

WORD cbSize; /* the count in bytes of the size of */

/* extra information (after cbSize) */

} WAVEFORMATEX, *PWAVEFORMATEX, NEAR *NPWAVEFORMATEX, FAR *LPWAVEFORMATEX;

typedef struct

{
WORD wFormatTag; /* 指定格式类型; 默认 WAVE_FORMAT_PCM = 1; */

WORD nChannels; /* 指出波形数据的声道数; 单声道为 1, 立体声为 2 */

DWORD nSamplesPerSec; /* 指定采样频率(每秒的样本数) */

DWORD nAvgBytesPerSec; /* 指定数据传输的传输速率(每秒的字节数) */

WORD nBlockAlign; /* 指定块对齐块对齐是数据的最小单位 */

WORD wBitsPerSample; /* 采样大小 */

WORD cbSize; /* 附加信息的字节大小 */

} WAVEFORMATEX;

wFormatTag 是格式标签，几乎都是已定义好的一些常数

如：

pcm格式是0；

Adpcm是1；

杜比Ac2 是30；

等等... ...；

其中最常用的就是PCM 和ADPCM；

nChannels 是声道数

nSamplesPerSec 是Samples per second ，即每秒的样本数量，也就是传说中的速率、采样率。每秒有多少个样本的确可以反应“率”的概念

nAvgBytesPerSec 平均传输速率。如果是PCM的话，则该值等于nSamplesPerSec除以nBlockAlign。

nBlockAlign 数据块调整度(块对其,字节)，其值为通道数*样本的数据位值/8，播放软件需要与一次处理多个该值大小的字节数据，以将其中于缓冲区调整

wBitsPerSample 每个样本的位数。表示每个声道中各个样本的数据位数。如果有多个声道，对每个声道而言样本大小都一样

cbSize 该结构（类）的大小

typedef struct waveformat_tag {
WORD wFormatTag; /* format type */
WORD nChannels; /* number of channels (i.e. mono, stereo, etc.) */
DWORD nSamplesPerSec; /* sample rate */
DWORD nAvgBytesPerSec; /* for buffer estimation */
WORD nBlockAlign; /* block size of data */
} WAVEFORMAT, *PWAVEFORMAT, NEAR *NPWAVEFORMAT, FAR *LPWAVEFORMAT;

/* wave data block header */
typedef struct wavehdr_tag {
LPSTR lpData; /* pointer to locked data buffer */
DWORD dwBufferLength; /* length of data buffer */
DWORD dwBytesRecorded; /* used for input only */
DWORD dwUser; /* for client's use */
DWORD dwFlags; /* assorted flags (see defines) */
DWORD dwLoops; /* loop control counter */
struct wavehdr_tag FAR *lpNext; /* reserved for driver */
DWORD reserved; /* reserved for driver */
} WAVEHDR, *PWAVEHDR, NEAR *NPWAVEHDR, FAR *LPWAVEHDR;

type struct
{
LPSTR lpData; /* 指向锁定的数据缓冲区的指针 */
DWORD dwBufferLength; /* 数据缓冲区的大小 */
DWORD dwByteRecorded; /* 录音时指明缓冲区中的数据量 */
DWORD dwUser; /* 用户数据 */
DWORD dwFlag; /* 提供缓冲区信息的标志 */
DWORD dwLoops; /* 循环播放的次数 */
struct wavehdr_tag *lpNext; /* 保留 */
DWORD reserved; /* 保留 */
} WAVEHDR;

typedef struct tagWAVEOUTCAPSA {
WORD wMid; /* manufacturer ID */
WORD wPid; /* product ID */
MMVERSION vDriverVersion; /* version of the driver */
CHAR szPname[MAXPNAMELEN]; /* product name (NULL terminated string) */
DWORD dwFormats; /* formats supported */
WORD wChannels; /* number of sources supported */
WORD wReserved1; /* packing */
DWORD dwSupport; /* functionality supported by driver */
} WAVEOUTCAPSA, *PWAVEOUTCAPSA, *NPWAVEOUTCAPSA, *LPWAVEOUTCAPSA;
typedef struct tagWAVEOUTCAPSW {
WORD wMid; /* manufacturer ID */
WORD wPid; /* product ID */
MMVERSION vDriverVersion; /* version of the driver */
WCHAR szPname[MAXPNAMELEN]; /* product name (NULL terminated string) */
DWORD dwFormats; /* formats supported */
WORD wChannels; /* number of sources supported */
WORD wReserved1; /* packing */
DWORD dwSupport; /* functionality supported by driver */
} WAVEOUTCAPSW, *PWAVEOUTCAPSW, *NPWAVEOUTCAPSW, *LPWAVEOUTCAPSW;

typedef struct waveoutcaps_tag {
WORD wMid; /* manufacturer ID */
WORD wPid; /* product ID */
VERSION vDriverVersion; /* version of the driver */
char szPname[MAXPNAMELEN]; /* product name (NULL terminated string) */
DWORD dwFormats; /* formats supported */
WORD wChannels; /* number of sources supported */
DWORD dwSupport; /* functionality supported by driver */
} WAVEOUTCAPS, *PWAVEOUTCAPS, NEAR *NPWAVEOUTCAPS, FAR *LPWAVEOUTCAPS;

typedef struct tagWAVEINCAPSA {
WORD wMid; /* manufacturer ID */
WORD wPid; /* product ID */
MMVERSION vDriverVersion; /* version of the driver */
CHAR szPname[MAXPNAMELEN]; /* product name (NULL terminated string) */
DWORD dwFormats; /* formats supported */
WORD wChannels; /* number of channels supported */
WORD wReserved1; /* structure packing */
} WAVEINCAPSA, *PWAVEINCAPSA, *NPWAVEINCAPSA, *LPWAVEINCAPSA;
typedef struct tagWAVEINCAPSW {
WORD wMid; /* manufacturer ID */
WORD wPid; /* product ID */
MMVERSION vDriverVersion; /* version of the driver */
WCHAR szPname[MAXPNAMELEN]; /* product name (NULL terminated string) */
DWORD dwFormats; /* formats supported */
WORD wChannels; /* number of channels supported */
WORD wReserved1; /* structure packing */
} WAVEINCAPSW, *PWAVEINCAPSW, *NPWAVEINCAPSW, *LPWAVEINCAPSW;

typedef struct waveincaps_tag {
WORD wMid; /* manufacturer ID */
WORD wPid; /* product ID */
VERSION vDriverVersion; /* version of the driver */
char szPname[MAXPNAMELEN]; /* product name (NULL terminated string) */
DWORD dwFormats; /* formats supported */
WORD wChannels; /* number of channels supported */
} WAVEINCAPS, *PWAVEINCAPS, NEAR *NPWAVEINCAPS, FAR *LPWAVEINCAPS;