linux挂载新硬盘

 

fdisk -l 命令看当前磁盘信息

 

[root@roswell root]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): m  --打印该命令的参数功能列表
Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu
   n   add a new partition
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table
   q   quit without saving changes
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help):

Command (m for help): p --打印待分区的磁盘信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 50.0 GB, 50019202560 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6081 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id System

Command (m for help):

Command (m for help): n --进行磁盘分区
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p  --e：逻辑分区 p：主分区，4个主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 --划分为第一个主分区
First cylinder (1-6081, default 1): 1 --起始磁盘数，不填默认为1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-6081, default 6081): 6081  --定义该分区大小，不填默认为全部可用存储额

Command (m for help): 

Command (m for help): p --打印待分区的磁盘信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 50.0 GB, 50019202560 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6081 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot    Start       End    Blocks   Id System
/dev/sdb1             1      6081 48845601   83 Linux

Command (m for help): 

Command (m for help): w --执行分区操作，等待命令结束
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

二、格式化分区

[root@roswell root]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1 --格式化为ext3格式
mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
6111232 inodes, 12211400 blocks
610570 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
373 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424

Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 38 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.


三、挂载分区

[root@roswell root]# vi /etc/fstab --用vi编辑器，编辑磁盘挂载配置文件
LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults        1 1
LABEL=/boot             /boot                   ext3    defaults        1 2
none                    /dev/pts                devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
LABEL=/export           /export                 ext3    defaults        1 2
none                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
none                    /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
/dev/sdb2               swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/cdrom              /mnt/cdrom              udf,iso9660 noauto,owner,kudzu,ro 0 0
/dev/fd0                /mnt/floppy             auto    noauto,owner,kudzu 0 0
/dev/sdb1               /media                  ext3    defaults        1 2  

 

--把/dev/sdb1挂载到/media目录下，“defaults” 是挂载时所要设定的参数(只读，读写，启用quota等)，输入defaults包括的参数有(rw、dev、exec、auto、nouser、async) ，“1”是使用dump是否要记录，0是不要。 “2”是开机时检查的顺序，是boot系统文件就为1，其他文件系统都为2，如不要检查就为0

[root@roswell export]# mount /dev/sdb1 --挂载命令执行

四、查看挂载分区

[root@roswell media]# df -h --查看挂载分区
Filesystem            Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1             8.3G 2.4G 5.5G 30% /
/dev/sda2              99M   26M   69M 27% /boot
/dev/sdc1              16G   13G 2.3G 85% /export
none                  250M     0 250M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1              46G   33M   44G   1% /media