对‘__gxx_personality_v0’未定义的引用 collect2: 错误： ld 返回 1

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-16 17:27:09 发布
原创 最新推荐文章于 2024-05-16 17:27:09 发布 · 7.8k 阅读 · 0 ·
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本文介绍在Linux环境下使用GCC编译C++程序时遇到的常见错误：“__gxx_personality_v0”未定义的引用。文章解释了此错误的原因在于GCC未能正确链接C++标准库，并给出了解决方案：使用G++命令代替GCC，因为G++能够正确链接C++库。

在linux下编译C＋＋程序，如果使用gcc命令进行编译，则有可能出现此错误：

hugo@hugo-HP:~/codes$ gcc -o codes TelNumRepeat.o
TelNumRepeat.o:(.eh_frame+0x4b)：对‘__gxx_personality_v0’未定义的引用
collect2: 错误： ld 返回 1


原因就是使用gcc无法连接到c＋＋库，所以会出现错误。

解决方法就是使用g＋＋命令，g＋＋命令可以连接到c＋＋库。

hugo@hugo-HP:~/codes$ g++ -o codes TelNumRepeat.o
hugo@hugo-HP:~/codes$ ls
codes  TelNumRepeat.cpp  TelNumRepeat.o


gcc编译时报错：对‘__gxx_personality_v0’未定义的引用
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关于链接失败 对xxxx ‘__gxx_personality_v0’未定义的引用
Tristone的专栏
01-07 1465
用惯了gcc编译程序，结果今天重构一个c程序为c++，编译，链接报了个错： /tmp/ccrDo3QI.o:(.eh_frame+0x2af)：对‘__gxx_personality_v0’未定义的引用 代码里面真看不出来啊，好纠结。。 最后发现，是因为C++要用g++而不是gcc编译啊，尼玛。。。
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解决Redis安装 collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status（multiple definition of `SDS_NOINIT'）问题
/tmp/ccNh33k3.o:(.data.rel.local.DW.ref.__gxx_personality_v0[DW.ref.__gxx_personality_v0]+0x0): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0' collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
03-30
好的，我需要解决用户提到的链接器错误“undefined reference to __gxx_personality_v0”。首先，我得了解这个错误的原因。根据用户提供的引用[4]，这个问题通常在用gcc编译C++代码时出现，因为gcc默认不会链接C++...
erence to `__gxx_personality_v0' /usr/bin/ld: ../../src/.libs/libxls.a(continue.o): in function `xlslib_core::CContinue::~CContinue()': continue.cpp:(.text+0x116): undefined reference to `operator delete(void*)' /usr/bin/ld: ../../src/.libs/libxls.a(continue.o): in function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)': continue.cpp:(.text+0x143): undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::Init()' /usr/bin/ld: continue.cpp:(.text+0x152): undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::~Init()' /usr/bin/ld: ../../src/.libs/libxls.a(continue.o):(.rodata._ZTIN11xlslib_core9CContinueE[_ZTIN11xlslib_core9CContinueE]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__si_class_type_info' /usr/bin/ld: ../../src/.libs/libxls.a(continue.o):(.eh_frame+0x6b): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0' collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make[2]: *** [Makefile:590：testC] 错误 1 make[2]: 离开目录“/home/zhu/桌面/xlslib/xlslib/targets/test” make[1]: *** [Makefile:322：all-recursive] 错误 1 make[1]: 离开目录“/home/zhu/桌面/xlslib/xlslib/targets” make: *** [Makefile:418：all-recursive] 错误 1 ruhe jiej
03-20
嗯，用户遇到了链接错误，特别是关于`__gxx_personality_v0`的未定义引用。首先，我需要回忆这个错误通常是什么原因引起的。记得`__gxx_personality_v0`和C++的异常处理有关，属于libstdc++的一部分。如果链接时没有...
报错ude/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:84: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cvflann::anyimpl::empty_any>::copy_from_value(void const*, void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:89: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cvflann::anyimpl::empty_any>::clone(void* const*, void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:93: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >::static_delete(void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:84: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:84: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >::copy_from_value(void const*, void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:89: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:89: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:89: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >::clone(void* const*, void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:93: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:93: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:93: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >::move(void* const*, void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:97: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' /usr/bin/ld: /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:98: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::operator=(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cvflann::flann_algorithm_t>::static_delete(void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:84: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cvflann::flann_algorithm_t>::copy_from_value(void const*, void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:89: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cvflann::flann_algorithm_t>::clone(void* const*, void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:93: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cvflann::flann_centers_init_t>::static_delete(void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:84: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cvflann::flann_centers_init_t>::copy_from_value(void const*, void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:89: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o: in function `cvflann::anyimpl::big_any_policy<cvflann::flann_centers_init_t>::clone(void* const*, void**)': /usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/flann/any.h:93: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long)' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTIN7cvflann20flann_centers_init_tE[_ZTIN7cvflann20flann_centers_init_tE]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__enum_type_info' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTIN7cvflann17flann_algorithm_tE[_ZTIN7cvflann17flann_algorithm_tE]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__enum_type_info' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o:(.data.rel.ro._ZTINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE[_ZTINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEE]+0x0): undefined reference to `vtable for __cxxabiv1::__class_type_info' /usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccghGJuZ.o:(.data.rel.local.DW.ref.__gxx_personality_v0[DW.ref.__gxx_personality_v0]+0x0): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0' collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
08-30
2. 未定义的引用到`__gxx_personality_v0`，这是与C++异常处理相关的。 3. 未定义的引用到`vtable`和类型信息，这些与C++的运行时类型识别（RTTI）相关。 这些错误通常表明编译器在链接阶段没有找到必要的C++标准库...
* 正在执行任务: C/C++: gcc.exe 生成活动文件 正在启动生成... cmd /c chcp 65001>nul && E:\VScode\mingw64\bin\gcc.exe -fdiagnostics-color=always -g D:\Code-CaoZuo\1.cpp -o D:\Code-CaoZuo\1.exe C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `priorityScheduling(PCB*)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:31: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:31: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:68: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:80: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:80: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:80: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:80: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:86: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:86: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `roundRobinScheduling(PCB*)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:91: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:91: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:130: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:146: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:146: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:146: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:146: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:164: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:164: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `createProcesses(int, bool)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:175: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:178: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:178: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:178: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:178: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:180: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:181: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:185: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:186: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:188: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:189: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:191: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:191: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long long)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:191: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:200: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:175: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:203: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:191: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long long)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:191: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:175: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `displayProcesses(PCB*)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:208: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:208: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:209: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:209: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:214: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:214: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:214: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:214: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:217: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:218: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:219: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:221: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `freeProcesses(PCB*)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:233: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long long)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `main': D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:241: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:241: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:242: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:242: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:243: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:243: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:244: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:245: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:247: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:248: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:254: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:263: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:263: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:267: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `__tcf_0': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/iostream:74: undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::~Init()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/iostream:74: undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::Init()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o:1.cpp:(.xdata+0x34): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_seh0' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `PCB::PCB(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, int, int, int)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:26: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `PCB::~PCB()': D:/Code-CaoZuo/1.cpp:13: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char>(int (*)(char*, unsigned long long, char const*, char*), unsigned long long, char const*, ...)': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/ext/string_conversions.h:115: undefined reference to `std::allocator<char>::allocator()' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/ext/string_conversions.h:115: undefined reference to `std::allocator<char>::~allocator()' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/ext/string_conversions.h:115: undefined reference to `std::allocator<char>::~allocator()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o:1.cpp:(.xdata$_ZN9__gnu_cxx12__to_xstringINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEcEET_PFiPT0_yPKS8_PcEySB_z+0xc): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_seh0' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_Alloc_hider::~_Alloc_hider()': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:139: undefined reference to `std::allocator<char>::~allocator()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > std::operator+<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(char const*, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&&)': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:5979: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::insert(unsigned long long, char const*)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:5979: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&&)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string<char*, void>(char*, char*, std::allocator<char> const&)': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:606: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_local_data()' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:606: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_Alloc_hider::_Alloc_hider(char*, std::allocator<char> const&)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o:1.cpp:(.xdata$_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC1IPcvEET_S7_RKS3_+0xc): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_seh0' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o: In function `void std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_construct<char*>(char*, char*, std::forward_iterator_tag)': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:212: undefined reference to `std::__throw_logic_error(char const*)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:219: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_create(unsigned long long&, unsigned long long)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:219: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_data(char*)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:220: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_capacity(unsigned long long)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:225: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_data() const' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:225: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_S_copy_chars(char*, char*, char*)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:232: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_set_length(unsigned long long)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:226: undefined reference to `__cxa_begin_catch' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:228: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_dispose()' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:229: undefined reference to `__cxa_rethrow' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:226: undefined reference to `__cxa_end_catch' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o:1.cpp:(.xdata$_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE12_M_constructIPcEEvT_S7_St20forward_iterator_tag+0xc): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_seh0' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o:1.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZSt3cin[.refptr._ZSt3cin]+0x0): undefined reference to `std::cin' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o:1.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_[.refptr._ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_]+0x0): undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\ccaKY5Jy.o:1.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZSt4cout[.refptr._ZSt4cout]+0x0): undefined reference to `std::cout' collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status 生成已完成，但出现错误。 * 终端进程启动失败(退出代码: -1)。 * 终端将被任务重用，按任意键关闭。 * 正在执行任务: C/C++: gcc.exe 生成活动文件 正在启动生成... cmd /c chcp 65001>nul && E:\VScode\mingw64\bin\gcc.exe -fdiagnostics-color=always -g D:\Code-CaoZuo\11.cpp -o D:\Code-CaoZuo\11.exe C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `priorityScheduling(PCB*)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:31: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:31: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:68: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:69: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:70: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:80: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:80: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:80: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:80: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:86: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:86: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `roundRobinScheduling(PCB*)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:91: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:91: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:130: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:131: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:132: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:146: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:146: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:146: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:146: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:164: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:164: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `createProcesses(int, bool)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:175: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:178: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:178: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:178: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:178: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:180: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:181: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:185: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:186: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:188: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:189: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:191: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:191: undefined reference to `operator new(unsigned long long)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:191: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:200: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:175: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:203: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:191: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long long)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:191: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:175: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `displayProcesses(PCB*)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:208: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:208: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:209: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:209: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:213: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:214: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:214: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:214: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(int)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:214: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:217: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:218: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:219: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:221: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `freeProcesses(PCB*)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:233: undefined reference to `operator delete(void*, unsigned long long)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `main': D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:241: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:241: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:242: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:242: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:243: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:243: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:244: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:245: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:247: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:248: undefined reference to `std::istream::operator>>(int&)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:254: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:263: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:263: undefined reference to `std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))' D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:267: undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `__tcf_0': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/iostream:74: undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::~Init()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/iostream:74: undefined reference to `std::ios_base::Init::Init()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o:11.cpp:(.xdata+0x34): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_seh0' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `PCB::PCB(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, int, int, int)': D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:26: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `PCB::~PCB()': D:/Code-CaoZuo/11.cpp:13: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > __gnu_cxx::__to_xstring<std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, char>(int (*)(char*, unsigned long long, char const*, char*), unsigned long long, char const*, ...)': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/ext/string_conversions.h:115: undefined reference to `std::allocator<char>::allocator()' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/ext/string_conversions.h:115: undefined reference to `std::allocator<char>::~allocator()' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/ext/string_conversions.h:115: undefined reference to `std::allocator<char>::~allocator()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o:11.cpp:(.xdata$_ZN9__gnu_cxx12__to_xstringINSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEEcEET_PFiPT0_yPKS8_PcEySB_z+0xc): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_seh0' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_Alloc_hider::~_Alloc_hider()': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:139: undefined reference to `std::allocator<char>::~allocator()' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > std::operator+<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(char const*, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&&)': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:5979: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::insert(unsigned long long, char const*)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:5979: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&&)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string<char*, void>(char*, char*, std::allocator<char> const&)': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:606: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_local_data()' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.h:606: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_Alloc_hider::_Alloc_hider(char*, std::allocator<char> const&)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o:11.cpp:(.xdata$_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEEC1IPcvEET_S7_RKS3_+0xc): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_seh0' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o: In function `void std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_construct<char*>(char*, char*, std::forward_iterator_tag)': E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:212: undefined reference to `std::__throw_logic_error(char const*)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:219: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_create(unsigned long long&, unsigned long long)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:219: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_data(char*)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:220: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_capacity(unsigned long long)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:225: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_data() const' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:225: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_S_copy_chars(char*, char*, char*)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:232: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_set_length(unsigned long long)' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:226: undefined reference to `__cxa_begin_catch' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:228: undefined reference to `std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::_M_dispose()' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:229: undefined reference to `__cxa_rethrow' E:/VScode/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/bits/basic_string.tcc:226: undefined reference to `__cxa_end_catch' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o:11.cpp:(.xdata$_ZNSt7__cxx1112basic_stringIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE12_M_constructIPcEEvT_S7_St20forward_iterator_tag+0xc): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_seh0' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o:11.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZSt3cin[.refptr._ZSt3cin]+0x0): undefined reference to `std::cin' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o:11.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_[.refptr._ZSt4endlIcSt11char_traitsIcEERSt13basic_ostreamIT_T0_ES6_]+0x0): undefined reference to `std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)' C:\Users\HUAWEI\AppData\Local\Temp\cc45uoJX.o:11.cpp:(.rdata$.refptr._ZSt4cout[.refptr._ZSt4cout]+0x0): undefined reference to `std::cout' collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status 生成已完成，但出现错误。 * 终端进程启动失败(退出代码: -1)。 * 终端将被任务重用，按任意键关闭。
最新发布
09-29
根据提供的引用信息和用户需求，用户在使用gcc.exe编译C++文件时遇到"undefined reference"错误，主要涉及标准库函数（如std::cout）未定义引用。这类错误通常与链接器未能正确链接C++标准库有关。下面将结合引用...
could not read symbols: File in wrong format collect2: ld 返回 1 make: *** [all] 错误 1
woodenman55515的博客
07-25 1346
问题过程: 在64位的操作系统上重新编译c程序遇到以下报错, [root@hb hostinfo]# make gcc -shared hbla_hostinfo.o -g -o libhbla_hostinfo.so -fPIC hbla_hostinfo.o: could not read symbols: File in wrong format collect2: ld 返回 1 make...
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
weixin_42613017的博客
02-11 8211
这是一个编译错误，表示链接器 ld 返回了一个错误码 1。通常情况下，这意味着在链接程序时发生了错误，可能是缺少某些库文件或符号未定义等原因。要解决这个问题，需要检查代码和链接设置，以确定问题的根本原因并进行修复。 ...
【C++随记】collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status错误分析与解决
guanxiao6的博客
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通过以上log，进入过程文件路径 build.make下，发现有生成一个link.txt的log日志。在复现的指令后面，增加参数 -v，可以得到更具体的过程log。所以，既然是静态链接的方式去做编译。为了跟踪问题方便，于是引用了参考文献1中的testcase，用最小case复现问题。怀疑2：还是ld执行的时候，给与的查找路径中没有包含libstdc++.so的库。由于我的是rocky系统，最终采用以下指令，完成了安装。通过以下指令，查看当前系统安装的stdc的库。但是，用以下指令执行的时候，就复现了问题。
编译程序出现 undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0' 错误
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<br />使用 g++ 编译C++程序时，一直出现错误<br /> [root@glnode04 oprofile-0.9.5]# g++ test.cpp <br /><br /> /tmp/ccuzXXDZ.o(.eh_frame+0x11): undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'<br /> collect2: ld returned 1 exit status<br /><br /> 这是g++出现了问题，重新安装一下即可。<br />
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status(解决方案大总结)
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(9条消息) collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status(解决方案大总结)_负壹的博客-优快云博客_collect2: 错误:ld 返回 1
关于DEV中collect2.exe [Error] ld returned 1 exit status的问题解决！！！
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       这是本人在用DEV编写C++代码遇到的问题。问题描述：一开始不知道勾选了什么选项，导致运行什么C++代码都出现collect2.exe [Error] ld returned 1 exit status。 解决方法：打开工具->编译选项->代码生成/优化->连接器，看下这个链接Objective...
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status 解决方法
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错误：undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0' .
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用gcc编译.cpp文件可能出现"undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0'"问题的解决
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用gcc编译.cpp文件时出现undefined reference to `__gxx_personality_v0',可能某些gcc不支持,具体是什么问题,我也没有弄清楚(如果哪位大侠高清楚了,请告知). 解决的办法就是通过g++来编译,就可以通过了!! 如我编译文件ds_attr.cpp # gcc -ldb -o ds_attr ds_attr.cp /tmp/cc
warning：module holds reference to undefined symbol __gxx_personality_v0
09-06
### 解决 `C interp:unable to open` 错误 `C interp:unable to open` 错误通常意味着解释器无法打开指定的文件。以下是一些可能的解决办法： - **检查文件路径**：要保证链接的 C++ 程序文件路径无误，且文件确实存在于指定位置。可以使用文件管理命令查看文件是否存在，以及路径是否正确。 ```bash ls <文件路径> ``` - **检查文件权限**：确保解释器有足够的权限访问该文件。可以使用 `chmod` 命令修改文件权限。 ```bash chmod +x <文件路径> ``` - **检查环境变量**：确认环境变量是否正确配置，特别是与文件搜索路径相关的环境变量。例如，`PATH` 环境变量应包含 C++ 程序所在的目录。 ```bash echo $PATH ``` 若需要，可以使用以下命令临时添加目录到 `PATH` 中： ```bash export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/directory ``` - **检查依赖库**：C++ 程序可能依赖于一些库文件，要确保这些库文件都已正确安装，并且路径配置正确。可以使用 `ldd` 命令查看程序的依赖库： ```bash ldd <文件路径> ``` ### 解决 `module holds reference to undefined symbol __gxx_personality_v0` 警告 `__gxx_personality_v0` 是 GCC C++ 编译器用于处理 C++ 异常的一个符号。出现这个警告通常表示链接器找不到这个符号的定义，可能是因为缺少 C++ 运行时库。以下是解决办法： - **确保链接 C++ 运行时库**：在链接命令中添加 C++ 运行时库的链接选项，通常是 `-lstdc++`。例如： ```bash g++ -o your_program your_source_files.cpp -lstdc++ ``` - **检查 GCC 版本**：确保使用的 GCC 版本与 vxWorks6.9 兼容。不同版本的 GCC 可能会有不同的 C++ 运行时库实现，不兼容的版本可能会导致符号找不到的问题。 - **检查库路径**：确认 C++ 运行时库的路径已正确配置。可以使用 `-L` 选项指定库的搜索路径。例如： ```bash g++ -o your_program your_source_files.cpp -L/path/to/lib -lstdc++ ```
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