升级CocoaPods报错解决(ffi**** )

Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing cocoapods:
	ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.15.4/ext/ffi_c
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby -I /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0 -r ./siteconf20211117-13754-1pf53tk.rb extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
	--with-opt-dir
	--without-opt-dir
	--with-opt-include
	--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
	--with-opt-lib
	--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
	--with-make-prog
	--without-make-prog
	--srcdir=.
	--curdir
	--ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
	--with-ffi_c-dir
	--without-ffi_c-dir
	--with-ffi_c-include
	--without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
	--with-ffi_c-lib
	--without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/lib
	--enable-system-libffi
	--disable-system-libffi
	--with-libffi-config
	--without-libffi-config
	--with-pkg-config
	--without-pkg-config
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:467:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:585:in `block in try_compile'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:534:in `with_werror'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:585:in `try_compile'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:1109:in `block in have_header'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:959:in `block in checking_for'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block in postpone'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:357:in `postpone'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:958:in `checking_for'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:1108:in `have_header'
	from extconf.rb:10:in `system_libffi_usable?'
	from extconf.rb:42:in `<main>'

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/extensions/universal-darwin-20/2.6.0/ffi-1.15.4/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.15.4 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/extensions/universal-darwin-20/2.6.0/ffi-1.15.4/gem_make.out

遇到以上这个报错, 注意看倒数第4行那个log文件,打开 mkmf.log 文件。

里面找到 universal-darwin20 文件夹的路径,你的有可能是 universal-darwin21 

进入到这个文件夹里,复制 universal-darwin20 一份改成 universal-darwin19 就行了。 

在Rust中,如果你有一个`&str`类型的字符串,并想将其转换为`*const WCHAR`(通常在Windows API中用于宽字符指针),你需要考虑到跨平台兼容性和FFIForeign Function Interface)的工作原理。由于Rust对安全性和类型系统有严格的要求,直接的转换可能并不直接。 首先,你需要确保`WCHAR`是适合你的目标系统的类型,比如如果是Windows环境下的宽字符类型`wchar_t`,可以这样做: 1. 引入必要的头文件,如`windows-sys-wince`或`windows-sys-win32`,取决于你的平台支持。 ```rust use windows_sys::winnt::{self, c_char}; ``` 2. 使用`OsStr`接口将`&str`转换为`OsString`,然后通过`std::ffi::OsStr::as_wide`获取宽字符数组。 ```rust let wide_str = your_string.as_os_str().as_wide(); ``` 3. 将宽字符数组转换为`Vec<u16>`,因为`wchar_t`通常表示为Unicode的16位编码。 ```rust let wchar_vec: Vec<u16> = wide_str.collect(); ``` 4. 现在有了宽字符数组,你可以创建一个`*const u16`指针,它指向这个`Vec`的首元素。 ```rust let wchar_ptr = wchar_vec.as_ptr() as *const _; ``` 5. 为了得到`*const WCHAR`,需要进一步强制类型转换,这里假设`WCHAR`等于`c_char`(对于`wchar_t`): ```rust let wchar_ptr_const: *const WCHAR = wchar_ptr as *const WCHAR; ``` 请注意,上述步骤仅适用于特定情况,且可能会抛出错误,特别是在跨平台环境下,因为不是所有操作系统都支持相同的宽字符类型。在实际使用中,你可能还需要处理错误并确保在适当的时间进行清理(如果涉及到内存管理的话)。
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