C++大学基础教程_6_14按值传递和按引用传递实参

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本文通过两个函数squareByValue和squareByReference展示了C++中按值传递与按引用传递的区别。前者通过返回值的方式更新变量，后者直接修改传入的变量。通过实例演示了两种方式如何影响函数外部的变量。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int squareByValue(int);//按值传递实参
void squareByReference(int&);//按引用传递实参

int main()
{
	int x = 2;
	int y = 5;
	cout << "x = " << x << " before squareByValue " << endl;
	cout << "Value returned by squareByValue : " << squareByValue(x) << endl;
	cout << "x = " << x << " after squareByValue " << endl;
	cout << "y = " << y << " before squareByReference " << endl;
	squareByReference(y);
	cout << "y = " << y << " after squareByReference " << endl;

	system("pause >> cout");
	return 0;
}

int squareByValue(int number)
{
	return number*=number;
}
void squareByReference(int &numberRef)
{
	numberRef*=numberRef;
}