M1 Mac安装MySQL教程；my.cnf文件配置；环境变量配置；完全卸载MySQL教程，亲测有效

一：下载MySQL（我的系统版本为：macOS 13.2.1）

下载地址：MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server

（1）下载所需版本的dmg安装包，点击Archives可以选择历史版本：

 （2）这里我选择安装8.0.31。注意：版本8.x.x中所有版本可以在安装过程中设置MySQL的密码，而之前的所有版本（比如5.7.X之类的），系统会在安装过程中弹出一个弹窗，自动生成一个临时密码（一定要记住，截图）

版本8.0.31，蓝色框会显示适配系统，下载第一个.dmg文件即可

 下载完成后，双击打开.dmg文件：

 再次双击安装包，即可安装：

安装过程会有弹窗提示无法打开，进入系统设置，选择隐私与安全性，在最下面，选择仍要打开：

 （安装MySQL 5.7版本过程中的临时密码弹窗图）

（3）在后续安装过程中，不要更改默认安装路径，建议选择下面这个Use Legacy Password Encryption,如果选择上面那个，后续项目在VS Code或PyCharm中连接不成功，所以这里选择下面的：

 之后设置密码，需要至少8位：

至此，MySQL 8.0.31安装完成，接下来是环境变量的配置。 

二：环境变量配置

（1）打开终端，输入以下命令：

cd ~
vim ./.bash_profile

按i键，进入INSERT模式，输入以下两行代码：

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/support-files

如图：

 最后按esc，输入:wq!（注意有冒号“：”）按回车键退出。

（2）终端登录测试：

打开终端，输入：

mysql -u root -p

如果返回:

 则在终端重新输入：

alias mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

注意：该方法只是临时有效，下次输入mysql -u root -p后，还是会提示：zsh:command not found:mysql,只需再次输入alias mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql即可。

三：配置my.cnf文件

（1）在Windows下的Mysql中，安装目录修改my.ini文件就会对默认字符集进行配置，而在Mac下，默认没有配置文件，需要自己手动创建my.cnf文件来配置。在终端输入：

sudo vim /etc/my.cnf

系统提示输入电脑密码，之后进入输入模式，按i键，输入以下内容（不需要做任何修改）：

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.  
  #  
  # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays  
  # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with  
  # other programs (such as a web server)  
  #  
  # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of  
  # locations which depend on the deployment platform.  
  # You can copy this option file to one of those  
  # locations. For information about these locations, see:  
  # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html  
  #  
  # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.  
  # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program  
  # with the "--help" option.  
  # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients  
  [client]
  default-character-set=utf8
  #password   = your_password  
  port        = 3306  
  socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock   
  # Here follows entries for some specific programs  
  # The MySQL server  
  [mysqld]
  character-set-server=utf8  
  init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
  port        = 3306  
  socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  
  skip-external-locking  
  key_buffer_size = 16M  
  max_allowed_packet = 1M  
  table_open_cache = 64  
  sort_buffer_size = 512K  
  net_buffer_length = 8K  
  read_buffer_size = 256K  
  read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K  
  myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M  
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.  
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.  
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows  
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!  
#   
#skip-networking  
 
  # Replication Master Server (default)  
  # binary logging is required for replication  
  log-bin=mysql-bin  
 
    # binary logging format - mixed recommended  
    binlog_format=mixed  
 
      # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1  
      # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set  
      # but will not function as a master if omitted  
      server-id   = 1  
 
    # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)  
    #  
    # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between  
    # two methods :  
    #  
    # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -  
    #    the syntax is:  
    #  
    #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,  
    #    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;  
    #  
    #    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and  
    #    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).  
    #  
    #    Example:  
    #  
    #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,  
    #    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';  
    #  
    # OR  
    #  
    # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then  
    #    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example  
    #    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to  
    #    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later  
    #    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and  
    #    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown  
    #    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.  
    #    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched  
    #    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)  
    #  
    # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1  
    # (and different from the master)  
    # defaults to 2 if master-host is set  
    # but will not function as a slave if omitted  
    #server-id       = 2  
    #  
    # The replication master for this slave - required  
    #master-host     =   <hostname>  
    #  
    # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting  
    # to the master - required  
    #master-user     =   <username>  
    #  
    # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to  
    # the master - required  
    #master-password =   <password>  
    #  
    # The port the master is listening on.  
    # optional - defaults to 3306  
    #master-port     =  <port>  
    #  
    # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended  
    #log-bin=mysql-bin  
 
      # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables  
      #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
      #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend  
      #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data  
      # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %  
      # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high  
      #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M  
      #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M  
      # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size  
      #innodb_log_file_size = 5M  
      #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M  
      #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1  
      #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50  
 
        [mysqldump]  
        quick  
        max_allowed_packet = 16M  
 
          [mysql]  
          no-auto-rehash  
          # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL  
          #safe-updates  
          default-character-set=utf8   
 
        [myisamchk]  
        key_buffer_size = 20M  
        sort_buffer_size = 20M  
        read_buffer = 2M  
        write_buffer = 2M  
 
          [mysqlhotcopy]  
          interactive-timeout
————————————————
 

之后按esc键，输入:wq!（注意有冒号“：”）按回车键退出。

（2）最后在终端输入以下代码，否则mysql并不会读取上面的配置文件

sudo chmod 664 /etc/my.cnf

（3）重启mysql:

alias mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

mysql -u root -p

(4)进入mysql后，查看是否成功配置：

show variables like "character%";

 

出现以上页面，大功告成！

（5）最后退出mysql：

exit

 

至此，Mac中MySQL的my.cnf文件配置成功！ 

四：（M1）Mac彻底卸载MySQL

（1）终端输入：

cd ~

打开/usr文件

open /usr

(2)桌面会弹出/usr文件夹的窗口，进入到local文件夹，在该目录下进入终端，然后依次输入以下命令：

sudo rm /usr/local/mysql
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/mysql*
sudo rm -rf /Library/StartupItems/MySQLCOM
sudo rm -rf /Library/PreferencePanes/My*
rm -rf ~/Library/PreferencePanes/My*
sudo rm -rf /Library/Receipts/mysql*
sudo rm -rf /Library/Receipts/MySQL*
sudo rm -rf /var/db/receipts/com.mysql.*

有些内容可能会提示没有找到，不用管。

（3）卸载完成后，进入系统设置，最下方的MySQL标志消失，代表卸载成功！

该标志消失，代表卸载成功！ 

（4）在安装MySQL后没有更改默认安装路径，通过上述卸载方法，就可以将MySQL完全卸载。

如果更改过默认安装路径，那么除了执行上面的命令之外，检查以下文件中是否含有对应的文件，有的话删除即可。

检查 /usr/local/Cellar 目录是否有mysql文件，有的话删除。
检查 /usr/local/var 里的mysql文件，有的话删除。
检查 /tmp 里的 mysql.sock、mysql.sock.lock、my.cnf 文件，有的话删除。
err文件以及pid文件都是在 /usr/local/var/mysql 中，有的话删除。
brew安装的安装包存储在 /usr/local/Library/Cache/Homebrew ，有的话删除。
最后，在终端执行:

brew cleanup

(5)至此，本篇分享教程结束，欢迎关注！