简单的图书管理系统

1.图书管理系统的主要设计

2.在IDEA中的建包结构

3.主要代码

1.Book.java:

package book_management.book;

/**
 * 每本书对应的实体类
 */
public class Book {
    // 书名
    private String name;
    // 作者
    private String author;
    // 价格
    private double price;
    // 书的类型
    private String type;
    // 书的借阅状态
    private boolean isBorrowed;


    public Book(String name, String author, double price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public boolean isBorrowed() {
        return isBorrowed;
    }

    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
        isBorrowed = borrowed;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ", isBorrowed=" + isBorrowed +
                '}';
    }
}

2.BookList.java:

package book_management.book;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 书架类,所有书籍在这个类中存储
 */
public class BookList {
    // 使用JDK内置的动态数组
    // 保存每个书籍对象
    private static List<Book> books = new ArrayList<>();
    // 保存所有的书籍名称，作为操作书籍的索引
    private static List<String> booksName = new ArrayList<>();
    // 静态代码块
    static {
        // 初始化操作
        books.add(new Book("水浒传","施耐庵",
                66.6,"武侠小说"));
        books.add(new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",
                88.6,"谋略小说"));
        books.add(new Book("西游记","吴承恩",
                99.6,"玄幻小说"));
        books.add(new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",
                260.6,"言情小说"));

        booksName.add("水浒传");
        booksName.add("三国演义");
        booksName.add("西游记");
        booksName.add("红楼梦");
    }

    /**
     * 根据书籍名称判断当前书架上是否存在该书
     * @param booksName
     * @return
     */
    public boolean isContains(String booksName) {
        // ArrayList.contains();
        if (this.booksName.contains(booksName)) {
            return true;
        }else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public void bookUpdate(String booksName,double price,String type) {
        Book book = findBook(booksName);
        book.setPrice(price);
        book.setType(type);
    }

    public boolean isBookBorrowed(String booksName) {
        Book book = findBook(booksName);
        return book.isBorrowed();
    }

    public void addBook(Book book) {
        books.add(book);
        booksName.add(book.getName());
    }

    public void printBook() {
        // 遍历Books数组
        Iterator<Book> iterator = books.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Book book = iterator.next();
            System.out.println(book);
        }
    }

    public void borrowBook(String booksName) {
        // 需要根据书名 -》 具体的Book对象 -> 方法(private)
        Book book = findBook(booksName);
        book.setBorrowed(true);
    }

    public void returnBook(String booksName) {
        Book book = findBook(booksName);
        book.setBorrowed(false);
    }

    public void bookUndercarriage(String booksName) {
        Book book = findBook(booksName);
        books.remove(book);
        this.booksName.remove(booksName);
    }

    private Book findBook(String booksName) {
        // 需要迭代查找该书
        Iterator<Book> iterator = books.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Book book = iterator.next();
            if (book.getName().equals(booksName)) {
                return book;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

3.IOperation:

package book_management.operation;
import book_management.book.BookList;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * 操作书籍列表的行为
 */
public interface IOperation {
    // 获取用户输入
    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    // 子类共有的方法，根据传入的BookList来进行增删改查以及借阅操作
    void work(BookList bookList);
}

4.AddOperation.java:

package book_management.operation.impl;
import book_management.book.Book;
import book_management.book.BookList;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;

public class AddOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("您现在进行的是书籍的添加操作");
        System.out.println("请输入书籍名称：");
        String booksName=scanner.next();
        // 需要判断当前书架上是否已经存在该书
        if(bookList.isContains(booksName)){
            System.out.println("书架上一级存在该书，无需再次添加~");
            return;
        }else{
            System.out.println("请输入书籍作者:");
            String author=scanner.next();
            System.out.println("请输入书籍的价格:");
            double price=scanner.nextDouble();
            System.out.println("请输入书籍类别:");
            String type=scanner.next();
            Book book=new Book(booksName,author,price,type);
            bookList.addBook(book);
            System.out.println("书籍添加成功~~");
        }
    }
}

5.BorrowOperation.java:

package book_management.operation.impl;
import book_management.book.BookList;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;

public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("您现在进行的是借书操作~");
        System.out.println("请输入您想借的书名:");
        String booksName = scanner.next();
        // 判断这个书是否存在
        if (bookList.isContains(booksName)) {
            // 进行具体的借书操作
            bookList.borrowBook(booksName);
            System.out.println("借书成功~");
        }else {
            System.err.println("该书不存在，请再等等");
        }
    }
}

6.DisplayOperation.java:

package book_management.operation.impl;
import book_management.book.BookList;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;

public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("您现在进行的是打印书籍列表操作~~");
        bookList.printBook();
    }
}

7.FindOperation.java:

package book_management.operation.impl;
import book_management.book.BookList;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;

public class FindOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("您现在进行的是查找书操作~");
        System.out.println("请输入您要查找的书");
        String booksName = scanner.next();
        if (bookList.isContains(booksName)) {
            System.out.println("图书馆有该书~");
        }else {
            System.out.println("该书还未上架~");
        }
    }
}

8.RemoveOperation.java:

package book_management.operation.impl;
import book_management.book.BookList;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;

public class RemoveOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("您现在进行的是书籍的下架操作~");
        System.out.println("请输入您要下架的书籍名称:");
        String booksName=scanner.next();
        if(bookList.isContains(booksName)){
            bookList.bookUndercarriage(booksName);
            System.out.println("书籍下架成功~");
        }else{
            System.out.println("该书籍在图书馆中不存在，无法下架");
        }
    }
}

9.ReturnOperation.java:

package book_management.operation.impl;
import book_management.book.BookList;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("您现在进行的是还书操作~");
        System.out.println("请输入您要换的书籍名称:");
        String booksName=scanner.next();
        if(bookList.isContains(booksName)){
            if(bookList.isBookBorrowed(booksName)){
                bookList.returnBook(booksName);
                System.out.println("还书成功~");
            }else{
                System.out.println("该书您没有借，不用还！");
            }
        }else{
            System.out.println("该书不存在~");
        }
    }
}

10.UpdateOperation.java:

package book_management.operation.impl;
import book_management.book.BookList;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;

public class UpdateOperation implements IOperation {
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("您现在进行的是书籍的更新操作~");
        System.out.println("请输入需要更新的书籍名称:");
        String booksName=scanner.next();
        if(bookList.isContains(booksName)){
            System.out.println("请输入修改后的价格:");
            double price=scanner.nextDouble();
            System.out.println("请输入修改后的书籍类别:");
            String type=scanner.next();
            bookList.bookUpdate(booksName,price,type);
            System.out.println("书籍详情修改成功~");
        }else{
            System.out.println("书籍不存在！");
        }
    }
}

11.User.java:

package book_management.user;
import book_management.book.BookList;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * 用户类
 */
public abstract class User {
    // 用户输入
    protected Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    // 用户名
    protected String name;
    // 用户权限,此时这个数组无法初始化，不同的用户权限不同
    protected IOperation[] operations;
    // 菜单方法，具体实现现在不知道，具体实现交给子类实现
    // 返回值就是用户输入的数字，我根据数字来进行相应操作
    public abstract int menu();
    // 根据用户输入，操作书籍列表
    public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) {
        operations[choice - 1].work(bookList);
    }
}

12.AdminUser.java:

package book_management.user;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;
import book_management.operation.impl.*;
// 管理员
/**
 * 1.添加书籍
 * 2.删除书籍
 * 3.更新书籍
 * 4.查找书籍
 * 5.显示当前书籍列表
 * -1.退出
 */
public class AdminUser extends User{
    public AdminUser(String userName) {
        this.name = userName;
        operations = new IOperation[] {
                new AddOperation(),
                new RemoveOperation(),
                new UpdateOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new DisplayOperation()
        };
    }

    @Override
    public int menu() {
        System.out.println("======================================");
        System.out.println("欢迎"+this.name+"登录图书馆管理系统");
        System.out.println("1.添加书籍");
        System.out.println("2.删除书籍");
        System.out.println("3.更新书籍");
        System.out.println("4.查找书籍");
        System.out.println("5.显示当前书籍列表");
        System.out.println("-1.退出");
        System.out.println("请输入您的选择:");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        // 切记不要在这关闭scanner，当用户输入-1退出时再关闭scanner
        return choice;
    }
}

13.NormalUser.java:

package book_management.user;
import book_management.operation.IOperation;
import book_management.operation.impl.*;

// 普通用户类
public class NormalUser extends User{
    /**
     * 1.显示当前书籍列表
     * 2.查询书籍
     * 3.借阅书籍
     * 4.归还书籍
     * -1.退出
     * @param userName
     */
    public NormalUser(String userName) {
        this.name = userName;
        // 规定了普通用户的操作权限
        operations = new IOperation[] {
                new DisplayOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new BorrowOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation()
        };
    }
    // 普通用户类是需要外部来调用的

    @Override
    public int menu() { System.out.println("======================================");
        System.out.println("欢迎"+this.name+"登录图书馆管理系统");
        System.out.println("1.显示当前书籍列表");
        System.out.println("2.查询书籍");
        System.out.println("3.借阅书籍");
        System.out.println("4.归还书籍");
        System.out.println("-1.退出");
        System.out.println("请输入您的选择:");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        // 切记不要在这关闭scanner，当用户输入-1退出时再关闭scanner
        return choice;
    }
}

14.Test.java:

package book_management;

import book_management.book.BookList;
import book_management.user.AdminUser;
import book_management.user.NormalUser;
import book_management.user.User;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        User user=login();
        BookList bookList=new BookList();
        while(true){
            int choice=user.menu();
            if(choice==-1){
                System.out.println("ByeBye~");
                break;
            }
            user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
        }
    }

    public static User login(){
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入用户名:");
        String userName=scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入您的身份，1表示普通用户，0表示管理员");
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        if(choice==-1){
            return new NormalUser(userName);
        }
        return new AdminUser(userName);
    }
}

4.运行截图

运行截图: