什么是球钟
球钟是一个利用球的移动来记录时间的简单装置
它有三个可以容纳若干个球的指示器:分钟指示器,五分钟指示器,小时指示器
例如:分钟指示器中有2个球,五分钟指示器中有6个球,小时指示器中有5个球,则时间为5:32
工作原理
每过一分钟,球钟就会从球队列的队首取出一个球放入分钟指示器,分钟指示器最多可容纳4个球。
当放入第五个球时,在分钟指示器的4个球就会按照他们被放入时的相反顺序加入球队列的队尾。而第五个球就会进入五分钟指示器。
按此类推,五分钟指示器最多可放11个球,小时指示器最多可放11个球。
当小时指示器放入第12个球时,原来的11个球按照他们被放入时的相反顺序加入球队列的队尾,然后第12个球也回到队尾。这时,三个指示器均为空,回到初始状态,从而形成一个循环。因此,该球钟表示时间的范围是从0:00到11:59。
目标
现设初始时球队列的球数为27,球钟的三个指示器初态均为空。问,要经过多久,球队列才能回复到原来的顺序?
实现程序
实现球钟需要用到栈和队列
为了方便使用创建了两个库文件
linkqueue.h和sqstack.h
在程序中栈使用的是顺序栈、队列为链式队列。
顺序栈的实现
linkqueue.h代码
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
typedef int data_t;
typedef struct node{
data_t data;
struct node *next;
}node,*linknode;
typedef struct{
linknode front;
linknode reat;
}queue,*linkqueue;
linkqueue queue_creart();
int queue_push(linkqueue Q,data_t data);
int queue_pop(linkqueue Q);
linkqueue queue_free(linkqueue Q);
int queue_show(linkqueue Q);
linkqueue.c代码
#include"linkqueue.h"
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
/*里边被注释的 printf("")不注释可以看见程序每一步的实现但比较多,会显示几千行*/
linkqueue queue_creart(){
linknode H;
linkqueue Q;
H = (linknode)malloc(sizeof(node));
if(H == NULL){
printf("H malloc is filed\n");
return NULL;
}
Q = (linkqueue)malloc(sizeof(queue));
if(Q == NULL){
printf("Q malloc is filed\n");
return NULL;
}
H->data = 0;
H->next = NULL;
Q->front = Q->reat = H;
return Q;
}
int queue_push(linkqueue Q,data_t data){
linknode H;
H = (linknode)malloc(sizeof(node));
if(H == NULL){
printf("H malloc is failed\n");
return -1;
}
H->data = data;
H->next = Q->reat->next;
Q->reat->next = H;
Q->reat = H;
// printf("the data %d push in queue\n",data);
return 0;
}
int queue_pop(linkqueue Q){
linknode p;
data_t data;
if(Q->front == Q->reat){
printf("queue is NULL\n");
return -1;
}
// printf("%3d",Q->front->next->data);
data = Q->front->next->data;
p = Q->front;
Q->front = Q->front->next;
free(p);
p = NULL;
return data;
}
linkqueue queue_free(linkqueue Q){
linknode p;
while(Q->front){
p = Q->front;
// printf("free %d\n",p->data);
Q->front = Q->front->next;
free(p);
p = NULL;
}
free(Q);
Q = NULL;
return NULL;
}
int queue_show(linkqueue Q){
linknode p;
p = Q->front;
while(1){
if(p->next == NULL){
break;
}
printf("%3d",p->next->data);
p = p->next;
}
puts("");
return 0;
}
链式队列的实现
sqstack.h代码
#include<stdio.h>
typedef int data_t;
typedef struct{
data_t *data;
int maxlen;
int top;
}sqstack,*linstack;
linstack stack_creart(int len); //creart stack
int stack_push(linstack S,data_t data); //push of stack
int stack_pop(linstack S); //pop of stack
int stack_seek_data(linstack S,data_t data); //seek stack of data
data_t stack_seek_seat(linstack S,int seat); //seek stack of seat
int stack_long(linstack S); //how many data of stack
linstack stack_free(linstack S); //clear stack
int stack_show(linstack S); // show of stack
int stack_empty(linstack S); //the stack is NULL
int stack_clear(linstack S);
sqstack.c代码
#include"sqstack.h"
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
/*里边被注释的 printf("")不注释可以看见程序每一步的实现但比较多,会显示几千行*/
linstack stack_creart(int len){ //creart stack
// return NULL;
linstack S;
S = (linstack)malloc(sizeof(sqstack));
S->data = (data_t *)malloc(len * sizeof(data_t));
if(S == NULL || S->data == NULL){
return NULL;
}
//memset(S,0,sizeof(sqstack));
memset(S->data,0,(len * sizeof(data_t)));
S->maxlen = len;
S->top = -1;
return S;
}
int stack_push(linstack S,data_t data){ //push of stack
if(S->top == S->maxlen-1){
// printf("the stack is full\n");
return -1;
}
S->top++;
S->data[S->top] = data;
// printf("the data %d is push in stack\n",data);
return 0;
}
int stack_pop(linstack S){ //pop of stack
if(S->top == -1){
// printf("the stack is NULL\n");
return -1;
}
if(S == NULL){
// printf("S is NULL");
return -1;
}
/* while(S->top > -1){
printf("%3d",S->data[S->top]);
S->top--;
}*/
//printf("%3d",S->data[S->top]);
//S->top--;
return S->data[S->top];
}
int stack_seek_data(linstack S,data_t data){ //seek stack of data
return 0;
}
data_t stack_seek_seat(linstack S,int seat){ //seek stack of seat
return 0;
}
int stack_long(linstack S){ //how many data of stack
if(S == NULL){
printf("S is NULL\n");
return -1;
}
return S->top+1;
}
linstack stack_free(linstack S){ //clear stack
if(S == NULL){
return NULL;
}
free(S);
return NULL;
}
int stack_show(linstack S){ //show of stack
int i = S->top;
if(S == NULL){
printf("S is NULL\n");
return -1;
}
while(i >= 0){
printf("%3d",S->data[i]);
i--;
}
puts("");
return 0;
}
/*
*ret 0 stack is null;1 stack no null
* */
int stack_empty(linstack S){ //the stack is NULL
if(S == NULL){
printf("S is NULL\n");
return -1;
}
return (S->top == -1? 0 : 1);
}
int stack_clear(linstack S){
S->top = -1;
return 0;
}
球钟的实现
clock.c代码
#include<stdio.h>
#include"linkqueue.h"
#include"sqstack.h"
int min_push_Q(linstack min,linkqueue Q);
int min_5_push_Q(linstack min_5,linkqueue Q);
int hour_push_Q(linstack hour,linkqueue Q);
int check(linkqueue Q);
int main(){
linkqueue Q;
linstack hour,min_5,min;
int i,j,k,m,n;
n = 0;
Q = queue_creart();
hour = stack_creart(11);
min_5 = stack_creart(11);
min = stack_creart(4);
if(Q == NULL || min_5 == NULL || min == NULL || Q == NULL){
printf("hour or min_5 or min or Q is NULL\n");
return -1;
}
for(i = 1;i <= 27;i++){
queue_push(Q,i);
}
while(1){
n++;
i = queue_pop(Q);
// sleep(1);
j = stack_push(min,i);
if(j == -1){
min_push_Q(min,Q);
k =stack_push(min_5,i);
if(k == -1){
min_5_push_Q(min_5,Q);
m = stack_push(hour,i);
if(m == -1){
hour_push_Q(hour,Q);
queue_push(Q,i);
if(check(Q) == 1){
printf("Q:");
queue_show(Q);
printf("min %d\n",n);
break;
}
}
}
}
}
// printf("Q:");
// queue_show(Q);
// printf("min:");
// stack_show(min);
// printf("min_5:");
// stack_show(min_5);
// printf("hour:");
// stack_show(hour);
queue_free(Q);
stack_free(min_5);
stack_free(min);
return 0;
}
int min_push_Q(linstack min,linkqueue Q){
int i;
while(1){
i = stack_pop(min);
if(i == -1){
return 0;
}
min->top--;
queue_push(Q,i);
}
}
int min_5_push_Q(linstack min_5,linkqueue Q){
int i;
while(1){
i = stack_pop(min_5);
if(i == -1){
return 0;
}
min_5->top--;
queue_push(Q,i);
}
}
int hour_push_Q(linstack hour,linkqueue Q){
int i;
while(1){
i = stack_pop(hour);
if(i == -1){
return 0;
}
hour->top--;
queue_push(Q,i);
}
}
int check(linkqueue Q){
linknode p;
p = Q->front->next;
while(p && p->next){
if(p->data < p->next->data){
p = p->next;
}
else{
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
结果
ubuntu-14-zs@ubuntu:~/1024/datastruct/clock$ ./clock
Q: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
min 33120
/*经历了33120分钟球队列才能回复到原来的顺序*/
代码不足之处太多,还请各位大佬多多指教。