SQlite的编程操作（C接口）_sqlite c-优快云博客

本文介绍了如何使用SQLite的C接口进行数据库操作，包括打开和关闭数据库、执行查询语句以及创建表和插入数据。通过`sqlite3_open`与`sqlite3_close`管理数据库连接，利用`sqlite3_exec`执行SQL并回调处理结果，同时讲解了错误处理方法。

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一：打开关闭库

#include <sqlite3.h>
sqlite3_open(const char *filename, sqlite3 **ppDb)
sqlite3_close(sqlite3*) 如果查询没有完成，则会返回SQLITE_BUSY禁止关闭的错误信息
const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*)
sqlite3_errcode() 用来获取最近调用的API接口返回的错误代码
SQLITE_OK 创建成功
gcc xx.c -lsqlite3

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sqlite3.h>

int main(char argc,char **argv)
{
    int ret;
    sqlite3 *db;

    if(argc < 2){
        printf("create no name\n");
        return -1;
    }

    ret = sqlite3_open(argv[1],&db);

    if(ret == SQLITE_OK){
        printf("open %s success\n",argv[1]);
    }else{
        printf("error,%s\n",sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        return -1;
    }

    sqlite3_close(db);
    printf("done\n");

    return 0;
}

二：查询语句

sqlite3_exec(sqlite3*, const char *sql, sqlite_callback, void *data, char **errmsg)
参数分析：sqlite3*：打开的数据库           const char *sql：要执行的sql语句
int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**)：执行sql语句时对应的回调函数
void *：回调函数的参数               char **errmsg：存放错误信息
int callback(void *arg, int column_size, char *column_value[], char *column_name[])
参数分析：void *arg：是sqlite3_exec函数的第四个参数
column_size：数据库的字段数
column_value[]：列的值
column_name：字段名字

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sqlite3.h>

int callback(void *arg, int column_size, char *column_value[], char *column_name[])
{
    int i;

    printf("arg=%s\n",(char *)arg);

    for(i=0;i<column_size;i++){
        printf("%s = %s\n",column_name[i],column_value[i]);
    }
    printf("--------------------\n");

    return 0;  //必须返回0，这样数据库中有多少条数据，这个回调函数就会被调用多少次，数据才能显示完整
}

int main(char argc,char **argv)
{
    int ret;
    sqlite3 *db;
    char *errorMsg = NULL;

    if(argc < 2){
        printf("create no name\n");
        return -1;
    }

    ret = sqlite3_open(argv[1],&db);

    if(ret == SQLITE_OK){
        printf("open %s success\n",argv[1]);
    }else{
        printf("error,%s\n",sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        return -1;
    }

    //sqlite3_exec(sqlite3*, const char *sql, sqlite_callback, void *data, char **errmsg);
    sqlite3_exec(db,"select * from stu;",callback,"this content:\n",&errorMsg);  //errorMsg may segment error!

    sqlite3_close(db);
    printf("done\n");

    return 0;
}

三：建表和插入数据

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sqlite3.h>

int callback(void *arg, int column_size, char *column_value[], char *column_name[])
{
	int i;
	
	printf("arg=%s\n",(char *)arg);

	for(i=0;i<column_size;i++){
		printf("%s = %s\n",column_name[i],column_value[i]);
	}
	printf("--------------------\n");

	return 0;  //必须返回0，这样数据库中有多少条数据，这个回调函数就会被调用多少次，数据才能显示完整
}

int main(char argc,char **argv)
{
	int ret;
	sqlite3 *db;
	char *errorMsg = NULL;

	if(argc < 2){
		printf("create no name\n");
		return -1;
	}

	ret = sqlite3_open(argv[1],&db);
	
	if(ret == SQLITE_OK){
		printf("open %s success\n",argv[1]);
	}else{
		printf("error,%s\n",sqlite3_errmsg(db));
		return -1;
	}

	ret = sqlite3_exec(db,"create table Class01(id Integer,name char,score Integer);",\
			callback,"this content:\n",&errorMsg);  //errorMsg may segment error!
	if(ret != SQLITE_OK){
		printf("create fail,error=%s\n",errorMsg);
	}
	
	sqlite3_exec(db,"insert into Class01 values(122,'huang',99);", \
			callback,"this content:\n",&errorMsg);  //errorMsg may segment error!
	printf("insert %d,%s\n",ret,errorMsg);

	//sqlite3_exec(sqlite3*, const char *sql, sqlite_callback, void *data, char **errmsg);
	sqlite3_exec(db,"select * from Class01;",callback,"this content:\n",&errorMsg);  //errorMsg may segment error!

	sqlite3_close(db);
	printf("done\n");

	return 0;
}