Linux系统管理——文件系统与LVM

一、创建文件系统 mkfs、mkswap 命令

1、mkfs 命令
① 作用 ：创建文件系统 （格式化）Make Filesystem
② 格式 ：mkfs -t 文件系统类型 分区设备
③ 常用选项 ：

• -t ：指定格式化文件类型
• -b ：指定 block 大小，单位为字节
• -I ：inode 大小
• -U ：设置 UUID 号
• -q ：执行时不显示任何信息

示例 ：

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs 【俩次tab键】【列出m开头的所有命令】
mkfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext4 mkfs.msdos
mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext3 mkfs.ext4dev mkfs.vfat
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb 【查看sdb的分区】
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on ‘/dev/sdb’! The util fdisk doesn’t support GPT. Use GNU Parted.
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 654 5253223+ 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 655 1308 5253255 83 Linux
/dev/sdb4 1309 2610 10458315 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1309 1440 1060258+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sdb6 1441 2610 9397993+ 83 Linux
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 【格式化sdb1】
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
328656 inodes, 1313305 blocks
65665 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1346371584
41 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8016 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb2 【格式化sdb2】
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
305216 inodes, 1220864 blocks
61043 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1254096896
38 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8032 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb6
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
587520 inodes, 2349498 blocks
117474 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2407530496
72 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8160 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): ^[[A完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
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