创建线程的4种方式
创建线程的四种方式
一、继承Thread类
继承Thread类创建线程的步骤为:
(1)创建一个类继承Thread类,重写run()方法,将所要完成的任务代码写进run()方法中;
(2)创建Thread类的子类的对象;
(3)调用该对象的start()方法,该start()方法表示先开启线程,然后调用run()方法;
public class Thread1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread.currentThread().setName("主线程");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
ThreadDemo1 thread1 = new ThreadDemo1();
thread1.setName("线程一");
thread1.start();
}
}
class ThreadDemo1 extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
}
}
二、实现Runnable接口
实现Runnable接口创建线程的步骤为:
(1)创建一个类并实现Runnable接口
(2)重写run()方法,将所要完成的任务代码写进run()方法中
(3)创建实现Runnable接口的类的对象,将该对象当做Thread类的构造方法中的参数传进去
(4)使用Thread类的构造方法创建一个对象,并调用start()方法即可运行该线程
public class Thread2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread.currentThread().setName("主线程");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
Thread thread2 = new Thread(new ThreadDemo2());
thread2.setName("线程二");
thread2.start();
}
}
class ThreadDemo2 implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
}
}
三、实现Callable接口
实现Callable接口创建线程的步骤为:
(1)创建一个类并实现Callable接口
(2)重写call()方法,将所要完成的任务的代码写进call()方法中,需要注意的是call()方法有返回值,并且可以抛出异常
(3)如果想要获取运行该线程后的返回值,需要创建Future接口的实现类的对象,即FutureTask类的对象,调用该对象的get()方法可获取call()方法的返回值
(4)使用Thread类的有参构造器创建对象,将FutureTask类的对象当做参数传进去,然后调用start()方法开启并运行该线程。
public class Thread3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Thread.currentThread().setName("主线程");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
FutureTask<String> task = new FutureTask<String>(new ThreadDemo3());
Thread thread3 = new Thread(task);
thread3.setName("线程三");
thread3.start();
String result = task.get();
System.out.println(result);
}
}
class ThreadDemo3 implements Callable<String> {
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
return Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"返回的结果";
}
}
四、使用线程池创建
使用线程池创建线程的步骤:
(1)使用Executors类中的newFixedThreadPool(int num)方法创建一个线程数量为num的线程池
(2)调用线程池中的execute()方法执行由实现Runnable接口创建的线程;调用submit()方法执行由实现Callable接口创建的线程
(3)调用线程池中的shutdown()方法关闭线程池
public class Thread4 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Thread.currentThread().setName("主线程");
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
service.execute(new ThreadDemo4());
service.execute(new ThreadDemo6());
service.execute(new ThreadDemo7());
Future<String> task = service.submit(new ThreadDemo5());
String result = task.get();
System.out.println(result);
service.shutdown();
}
}
class ThreadDemo4 implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
}
}
class ThreadDemo5 implements Callable<String>{
@Override
public String call() throws Exception {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
return Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"返回的结果";
}
}
class ThreadDemo6 implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
}
}
class ThreadDemo7 implements Runnable{
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+"输出的结果");
}
}