Leetcode: 31. Next Permutation

本文介绍了一个算法问题:如何在原地将数组中的数字重新排列成字典序中下一个更大的排列。如果这样的排列不存在,则将其重新排列为最小的可能顺序(即升序)。文章详细解释了寻找下一个更大排列的方法,包括从数组末尾开始查找第一个下降元素,然后与右侧最小的大于该元素的数交换,并反转右侧子数组以确保升序。

Question:

Implement next permutation, which rearranges numbers into the lexicographically next greater permutation of numbers.
If such arrangement is not possible, it must rearrange it as the lowest possible order (ie, sorted in ascending order).
The replacement must be in-place and use only constant extra memory.
Here are some examples. Inputs are in the left-hand column and its corresponding outputs are in the right-hand column.
1,2,3 → 1,3,2
3,2,1 → 1,2,3
1,1,5 → 1,5,1

Note:

To find the next greater permutation, we need to search from the end of the array, and find the first descending element, switch it with the smallest element on it’s right. After this, we need to reserve the subarray on the right to make it arranged in increasing order.

Solution:

class Solution {
    public void nextPermutation(int[] nums) {
    	// find the first descending element
    	int i = nums.length - 2;
    	while (i >= 0 && nums[i] >= nums[i + 1]) {
    		i++;
    	}
    	// if the permutation is not already the largest
    	if (i >= 0) {
    		int j = nums.length - 1;
    		while (nums[j] <= nums[i]) {
    			j--;
    		}
    		int temp = nums[i];
    		nums[i] = nums[j];
    		nums[j] = temp;
    		// rearrange the right part of the array
    		reverse(nums, i+1);
    	} else {
    		reverse(nums, 0);
    	}
    }
    private void reverse(int[] arr, int start) {
    	for (int i = start, j = arr.length - 1; i < j; i++, j--) {
    		int temp = arr[i];
    		arr[i] = arr[j];
    		arr[j] = temp;
    	}
    }
}
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