mariadb系统变量之（一）通用配置

1. 数据目录指令：datadir

• Description: Directory where the data is stored.
• Commandline: --datadir=path or -h path
• Scope: Global
• Dynamic: No
• Type: directory name

2. pid文件位置：pid_file

• Description: Full path of the process ID file.
• Commandline: --pid-file=file_name
• Scope: Global
• Dynamic: No
• Data Type: file name

3. 服务器端字符集：character_set_server = utf8

• Description: Default character set used by the server. See character_set_database for character sets used by the default database. Defaults may be different on some systems, see for example Differences in MariaDB in Debian.
• Commandline: --character-set-server
• Scope: Global, Session
• Dynamic: Yes
• Data Type: string
• Default Value: latin1

4. 存储引擎配置：default_storage_engine = InnoDB

• Description: The default storage engine. The default storage engine must be enabled at server startup or the server won't start.
• Commandline: --default-storage-engine=name
• Scope: Global, Session
• Dynamic: Yes
• Type: enumeration
• Default Value: InnoDB (>= MariaDB 5.5), MyISAM (<MariaDB 5.3)
• Introduced: MariaDB 5.5 (previously storage_engine)

5.  每个表是否有独立的表空间：innodb_file_per_table = on

• Description: If set to ON, then new InnoDB tables are created with their own InnoDB file-per-table tablespaces. If set to OFF, then new tables are created in the InnoDB system tablespace instead. Page compression is only available with file-per-table tablespaces. Note that this value is also used when a table is re-created with an ALTER TABLE which requires a table copy.
• Commandline: --innodb-file-per-table
• Scope: Global
• Dynamic: Yes
• Data Type: boolean
• Default Value: ON (>= MariaDB 5.5), OFF (<= MariaDB 5.3)

6. 是否跳过域名解析：skip_name_resolve = on

• Description: If set to 1 (0 is the default), only IP addresses are used for connections. Host names are not resolved. All host values in the GRANT tables must be IP addresses (or localhost).
• Commandline: --skip-name-resolve
• Scope: Global
• Dynamic: No
• Data Type: boolean
• Default Value: 0

7. 表名大小写配置：lower_case_table_names = 1

• Description: If set to 0 (the default on Unix-based systems), table names and aliases and database names are compared in a case-sensitive manner. If set to 1 (the default on Windows), names are stored in lowercase and not compared in a case-sensitive manner. If set to 2 (the default on Mac OS X), names are stored as declared, but compared in lowercase.
• Commandline: --lower-case-table-names[=#]
• Scope: Global
• Dynamic: No
• Data Type: numeric
• Default Value: 0 (Unix), 1 (Windows), 2 (Mac OS X)
• Range: 0 to 2

Reference: 

1. https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/server-system-variables