使用yum命令安装报错

常见错误1:curl#6 - “Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; 未知的错误”

Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; 未知的错误"

 One of the configured repositories failed (未知),
 and yum doesn't have enough cached data to continue. At this point the only
 safe thing yum can do is fail. There are a few ways to work "fix" this:

     1. Contact the upstream for the repository and get them to fix the problem.

     2. Reconfigure the baseurl/etc. for the repository, to point to a working
        upstream. This is most often useful if you are using a newer
        distribution release than is supported by the repository (and the
        packages for the previous distribution release still work).

     3. Run the command with the repository temporarily disabled
            yum --disablerepo=<repoid> ...

     4. Disable the repository permanently, so yum won't use it by default. Yum
        will then just ignore the repository until you permanently enable it
        again or use --enablerepo for temporary usage:

            yum-config-manager --disable <repoid>
        or
            subscription-manager repos --disable=<repoid>

     5. Configure the failing repository to be skipped, if it is unavailable.
        Note that yum will try to contact the repo. when it runs most commands,
        so will have to try and fail each time (and thus. yum will be be much
        slower). If it is a very temporary problem though, this is often a nice
        compromise:

            yum-config-manager --save --setopt=<repoid>.skip_if_unavailable=true

Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: base/7/x86_64

常见错误2: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try

Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirror.bit.edu.cn; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirror.lzu.edu.cn; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.163.com; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirrors.cn99.com/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.cn99.com; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirrors.cqu.edu.cn/CentOS/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.cqu.edu.cn; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.huaweicloud.com; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirrors.njupt.edu.cn/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.njupt.edu.cn; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.aliyun.com; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rp FAILED                                          
http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/centos/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 14] curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrors.zju.edu.cn; Unknown error"
正在尝试其它镜像。

Error downloading packages:
  lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.

解决办法

第一步:检查网络

(1)使用命令ping,测试网络与互联网是否联通

ping www.baidu.com

(2)如果(1)不能联通,则进行这一步,很有可能是虚拟机网络配置问题。

ping <网关>

第二步:检查yum文件配置

vi /etc/resolv.conf

检查看一下文件里面有没有对应配置内容,如果没有请加上:

添加以下内容,增加网关IP

nameserver <网关>

或者增加本机IP

nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

为什么要增加DNS服务器呢?
8.8.8.8和8.8.4.4是google公司提供的两台DNS服务器,可以很好的解析域名。因为linux自带默认的yum源地址是以域名的形式存在的,所以增加google的域名解析服务器,就可以解决解析的问题了。

第三步重新制作

在设置完以后一定要重置一下yum

yum clean all
yum makecache
### 解决 YUM 命令报错的方案 当 `yum` 命令运行时出现问题,通常可能由多种原因引起,比如配置文件损坏、镜像源不可用或者系统环境不一致等。以下是针对常见问题的具体解决方法: #### 配置错误或镜像源失效 如果系统的默认镜像源不可用,可以尝试更换为更稳定的国内镜像源。例如,使用腾讯云提供的 CentOS 镜像源: ```bash wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo [^1] ``` 完成替换后,清理并重新生成缓存以确保更改生效: ```bash yum clean all && yum makecache ``` #### 升级 Python 导致的兼容性问题 在某些场景下,尤其是升级了系统中的 Python 版本之后,可能导致 `yum` 无法正常工作。这是由于 CentOS 7 默认依赖于 Python 2.7 的特定版本,而新安装的 Python 可能会破坏这种依赖关系。此时可采取以下措施恢复功能。 重设系统使用的 Python 路径到原始状态(通常是 `/usr/bin/python`),通过修改符号链接实现: ```bash ln -sf /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python ``` 验证修复效果: ```bash yum list installed python* ``` #### 插件冲突或其他异常情况 有时插件未正确加载也可能引发错误提示,如 “This system is not registered with RHN.” 这类消息表明缺少必要的注册或许可支持服务[^3]。对于这类情形,建议禁用相关插件后再测试命令是否恢复正常运作: 编辑主要配置文档 `/etc/yum.conf` 并加入如下行项: ```ini plugins=0 ``` 保存退出再试执行基础查询操作确认状况改善程度。 --- ### 提供代码实例辅助理解 下面给出一段简单的脚本来自动化部分流程处理: ```bash #!/bin/bash # 替换为稳定镜像源 echo "Replacing repo file..." wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo [^1] # 清理旧数据重建索引 echo "Cleaning and rebuilding cache..." yum clean all && yum makecache # 检查当前Python设置调整必要时回滚至原版解释器路径 if [[ ! -f "/usr/bin/python" || $(readlink -f /usr/bin/python) != "/usr/bin/python2.7" ]]; then echo "Resetting default Python interpreter..." ln -sf /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python fi # 测试yum基本可用性 echo "Testing yum functionality..." yum repolist ```
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