#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
struct ShareInt
{
int x;
pthread_mutex_t lock;
pthread_cond_t cond1;
pthread_cond_t cond2;
};
void *Thread1Entry(void *pv);
void *Thread2Entry(void *pv);
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
pthread_t tid1;
pthread_t tid2;
struct ShareInt st = {0};
int ret = 0;
pthread_mutex_init(&st.lock,NULL);
pthread_cond_init(&st.cond1,NULL);
pthread_cond_init(&st.cond2,NULL);
ret = pthread_create(&tid1,NULL,Thread1Entry,(void *)&st);
ret += pthread_create(&tid2,NULL,Thread2Entry,(void *)&st);
if(ret < 0)
{
printf("pthread_create failed\n");
return 1;
}
pthread_join(tid1,NULL); //用来等待一个线程的结束,线程间同步的操作
pthread_join(tid2,NULL);
printf("\n");
pthread_mutex_destroy(&st.lock);
pthread_cond_destroy(&st.cond1);
pthread_cond_destroy(&st.cond2);
return 0;
}
void *Thread1Entry(void *pv) //线程调用函数
{
struct ShareInt *pst = (struct ShareInt *)pv;
int v = 0;
while(1)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&pst->lock);
if(pst->x % 2 != 0)
{
pthread_cond_wait(&pst->cond1,&pst->lock);
//pthread_cond_wait的工作流程可以总结为:unlock mutex,start waiting -> lock mutex。
//unlock(mutex); condition_signal()顺序,condition_signal(); unlock(mutext)
}
pst->x++;
printf("1");
v++;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&pst->lock);
pthread_cond_signal(&pst->cond2);
if(v > 9)
{
break;
}
}
return (void *)0;
}
void *Thread2Entry(void *pv)
{
struct ShareInt *pst = (struct ShareInt *)pv;
int v = 0;
while(1)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&pst->lock);
if(pst->x % 2 == 0)
{
pthread_cond_wait(&pst->cond2,&pst->lock);
}
pst->x++;
printf("2");
v++;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&pst->lock);
pthread_cond_signal(&pst->cond1);
if(v > 9)
{
break;
}
}
return (void *)0;
}
/*
何时要同步:
读取上一次可能由另一个线程写入的变量
写入下一次可能由另一线程读取的变
*/
//每个线程都是作为利用CPU的基本单位
//条件变量是利用线程间共享的全局变量进行同步的一种机制,主要包括两个动作:一个线程等待"条件变量的条件成立"而挂起;另一个线程使"条件成立"(给出条件成立信号)。为了防止竞争,条件变量的使用总是和一个互斥锁结合在一起。
//mutex互斥锁必须是普通锁或者适应锁,且在调用pthread_cond_wait()前必须由本线程加锁(pthread_mutex_lock()),而在更新条件等待队列以前,mutex保持锁定状态,并在线程挂起进入等待前解锁。在条件满足从而离开pthread_cond_wait()之前,mutex将被重新加锁,以与进入pthread_cond_wait()前的加锁动作对应。阻塞时处于解锁状态。
//激发条件有两种形式,pthread_cond_signal()激活一个等待该条件的线程,存在多个等待线程时按入队顺序激活其中一个;而pthread_cond_broadcast()则激活所有等待线程。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <error.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
char buffer[128];
int has_data = 0;
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
pthread_cond_t cond; //条件量
pthread_cond_t cond2;
void *read_buf(void *a) //线程调用函数
{
printf("the read id:%ld the has_data%d",pthread_self(),has_data); //pthread_selef 获得线程ID
do{
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
if(has_data == 0)
{
pthread_cond_wait(&cond,&mutex);
}
else if(has_data == 1)
{
printf("the data: %s\n",buffer);
has_data = 0;
pthread_cond_signal(&cond2);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
printf("readout");
}while(strncmp(buffer,"#",1)!=0);
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
void write_buf(void)
{printf(“the write id:%ld the has_data%d”,pthread_self(),has_data);
char input[128];
do{
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
if(has_data == 0)
{
memset(input,0,128);
printf("input data:\t");
scanf("%s",input);
sprintf(buffer,"%s",input);
has_data = 1;
pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
}
else if(has_data == 1)
{
pthread_cond_wait(&cond2,&mutex);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
printf("writeout:");
}while(strncmp(input,"#",1) !=0);
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
int main()
{
pthread_t id,id2;
pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);
pthread_cond_init(&cond2,NULL);
pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL);
pthread_create(&id,NULL,(void*)read_buf,NULL);
pthread_create(&id2,NULL,(void*)write_buf,NULL);
pthread_join(id,NULL);
pthread_join(id2,NULL);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);
pthread_cond_destroy(&cond2);
return 0;
}