使用ansible自动化搭建LNMP应用平台

1. 最终效果及说明

1）主机说明：

ansible: 192.168.20.121
webserver: 192.168.20.122

2）最终访问效果如下

结果与test2.php里边的内容一致，证明LNMP平台完好

3）剧本文件展示及说明

[root@localhost lnmp]# ls
modifynginx.yml  mysql.yml  php.yml       startservice.yml  test2.php
modifyphp.yml    nginx.yml  sequence.txt  test1.php         testpage.yml

[root@localhost lnmp]# cat sequence.txt 
sequence of these yml file:
1. nginx.yml
2. mysql.yml
3. php.yml
4. modifyphp.yml
5. modifynginx.yml
6. startservice.yml
7. testpage.yml

notice:
1. you can use command in ansible's shell to test the lnmp, normally, test test2.php is enough if it show correct message.
2. you can write thest yml file in one combined yml file in order, I split these for convience of checking error

2. 各个yml文件内容展示

1） nginx.yml

[root@localhost lnmp]# cat nginx.yml 
- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: add user
      user: name=nginx shell=/sbin/nologin create_home=no
    - name: resolve dependency
      yum: name=pcre-devel,zlib-devel,openssl-devel,gcc,gcc-c++
    - name: unarchive tarball
      unarchive: src=/root/nginx-1.15.4.tar.gz dest=/usr/src
    - name: configure and install nginx
      shell: ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module && make -j4 && make install
      args:
        chdir: /usr/src/nginx-1.15.4
    - name: make soft link file
      file: path=/usr/sbin/nginx src=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx state=link

2）mysql.yml

[root@localhost lnmp]# cat mysql.yml 
- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: resolve dependency
      yum: name=ncurses-devel,bison,cmake
    - name: unarchive tarball
      unarchive: src=/root/mysql-5.5.22.tar.gz dest=/usr/src
    - name: configure and install mysql
      shell: cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all && make -j4 && make install
      args:
        chdir: /usr/src/mysql-5.5.22
    - name: add user mysql
      user: name=mysql shell=/sbin/nologin create_home=no
    - name: change owner of mysql directory
      file: path=/usr/local/mysql owner=mysql group=mysql recurse=yes
    - name: link lib file
      file: path=/usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 src=/usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 state=link
    - name: copy configuration file
      copy: src=/usr/src/mysql-5.5.22/support-files/my-large.cnf dest=/etc/my.cnf remote_src=yes
    - name: copy command script
      copy: src=/usr/src/mysql-5.5.22/support-files/mysql.server dest=/etc/init.d/mysqld remote_src=yes
    - name: modify command script
      replace: path=/etc/init.d/mysqld regexp="^basedir=" replace="basedir=/usr/local/mysql/"
    - name: modify command script
      replace: path=/etc/init.d/mysqld regexp="^datadir=" replace="datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/"
    - name: give executable privilege to scriptt
      file: path=/etc/init.d/mysqld mode=0755
    - name: initialize mysql service
      shell: /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql
    - name: make soft link of mysql command
      shell: ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin
    - name: start mysql
      shell: /etc/init.d/mysqld start
    - name: change password
      shell: mysqladmin -uroot password 123456

3）php.yml

[root@localhost lnmp]# cat php.yml
- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: resolve dependency
      yum: name=libxml2-devel,gd,libjpeg-devel,libpng-devel
    - name: unarchive tarball
      unarchive: src=/root/php-7.2.0.tar.gz dest=/usr/src
    - name: configure php
      shell: ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-gd --with-zlib --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php --enable-mbstring --enable-fpm
      args:
        chdir: /usr/src/php-7.2.0
    - name: install php
      shell: make -j8 && make install 
      args:
        chdir: /usr/src/php-7.2.0
    - name: copy configuration file
      copy: src=/usr/src/php-7.2.0/php.ini-development dest=/usr/local/php/php.ini remote_src=yes
    - name: copy configuration file
      copy: src=/usr/src/php-7.2.0/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm dest=/etc/init.d/php-fpm remote_src=yes
    - name: copy configuration file
      copy: src=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default dest=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf remote_src=yes
    - name: copy configuration file
      copy: src=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default dest=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf remote_src=yes
    - name: give executable privilege
      file: path=/etc/init.d/php-fpm mode=0755
    - name: make soft link of command script
      shell: ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/bin
    - name: make soft link of command script
      shell: ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/sbin

4）modifyphp.yml

[root@localhost lnmp]# cat modifyphp.yml 
- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: modify php.ini
      replace: path=/usr/local/php/php.ini regexp="^short_open_tag = Off" replace="short_open_tag = On"
    - name: modify php-fpm.conf 1
      replace: path=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf regexp="^;pid = run/php-fpm.pid" replace="pid = run/php-fpm.pid"
    - name: modify php-fpm.conf 2
      replace: path=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf regexp="^; process.max = 128" replace="process.max = 128"
    - name: modify php-fpm.conf 3
      replace: path=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf regexp="^;events.mechanism = epoll" replace="events.mechanism = epoll"

5） modifynginx.yml

[root@localhost lnmp]# cat modifynginx.yml 
- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: modify 1
      replace: path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf regexp="^            index  index.html index.htm;" replace="            index  index.php index.html index.htm;"
    - name: remove "#"
      shell: sed -i '65,71s/#/\ /g' /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    - name: modify php location
      replace: path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf regexp="fastcgi_params" replace="fastcgi.conf"

6）startservice.yml

[root@localhost lnmp]# cat startservice.yml 
- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: start nginx
      shell: nginx
    - name: start php
      shell: /etc/init.d/php-fpm start

7）testpage.yml

[root@localhost lnmp]# cat testpage.yml 
- hosts: webserver
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
    - name: copy test1.php
      copy: src=/root/test1.php dest=/usr/local/nginx/html/
    - name: copy test2.php
      copy: src=/root/test2.php dest=/usr/local/nginx/html/

8） test page

[root@localhost lnmp]# cat test1.php 
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost lnmp]# cat test2.php 
<?php
$con = new mysqli('127.0.0.1','root','123456','test');
if (!$con)
   die("connect error:".mysqli_connect_error());
else
   echo "connect mysql successfully\n";
?>

3. ansible playbook使用说明

• 不要太在乎warning，有的时候使用在shell模块中使用sed命令比直接使用replace模块更高效
• 尽量用专门的模块做专门的事情，比如用unarchive模块解压，用file模块做连接，用user模块添加用户等
• 上边写这些的时候是分开写的 便于测试可用性 如果是想要一个整体的 把他们写在一起就好了